Researchers discovered that stem cells in the neural retina act as 'bosses' during growth, telling cells in the retinal pigment epithelium when to create more cells. The study reveals an unappreciated mechanism for growth coordination, where one tissue gives cues to synchronise the growth of nearby tissues.
A team of researchers has demonstrated a novel approach for nanoscale imaging of amyloid structures using Thioflavin T, allowing for precise visualization of proteins associated with Alzheimer's disease. The technique enables the observation of amyloid fibrils assembling and disassembling in response to drugs.
Researchers at Waseda University have finally cracked the code on magnetism-driven negative thermal expansion (NTE), a phenomenon that can make materials less heat-sensitive. The study reveals that antiferromagnets with competing direct and indirect exchange paths are potential candidates for exhibiting NTE.
Researchers found that tumor-associated macrophages release compounds that block the action of gemcitabine in malignant cells. The study suggests that patients with fewer macrophages in their tumors may respond better to chemotherapy. This discovery could lead to new approaches for treatment.
A study by researchers at Michigan State University found that social factors can contribute to muscle and joint pain in nurses. When support is perceived as uneven, tempers rise, leading to increased risk of injuries. Implementing strategies to improve the social environment for nurses may reduce stress and promote physical health.
Patients treated at hospitals with low care scores are at greater risk for another heart attack or death due to cardiovascular causes. Teaching hospitals have a lower risk, with patients having 25% lower chance of readmission within one month and 10% lower chance of cardiovascular death at one year.
A new study found that cancer patients use more potent forms of medical marijuana with higher amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), relieving symptoms and side effects of cancer treatment. Non-cancer patients, on the other hand, prefer CBD-rich formulations for their therapeutic benefits.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology have developed a self-defensive surface for medical implants that releases micro-doses of antibiotics when bacteria approach. The microgels' behavior is regulated by electrical charges and can be applied to various medical devices, potentially reducing surgical infections.
Timothy Cook uses NSF CAREER funding to design and study self-assembling molecules and create 3D-printed magnetic structures. He works with K-12 science teachers in Buffalo to teach chemistry through hands-on models.
A new study shows replacing flame retardant-free foam pit cubes can significantly lower gymnast exposures, with a 5.4-fold decrease observed. The switch also has implications for other recreational facilities with similar equipment.
A University of Cincinnati study identified more than 1,000 victims of human trafficking in Ohio, as well as 4,209 individuals at risk of victimization. The study provides recommendations to improve data collection and collaboration among agencies involved in combating human trafficking.
Researchers have developed a simple model to understand the biomechanics of Ebola virus-host cell adhesion, which is essential for guiding the development of therapies. The model characterizes the interaction between the virus and cell surface receptors, providing new information on the road to developing an effective Ebola treatment.
Researchers found that neural synchrony between mothers and infants predicts social learning, while eye contact is associated with increased synchrony. The study sheds light on the human social brain and its importance in learning and development.
A new study reveals the microbial food web in Amazonian waters, consisting of 20% of the whole Amazon, produces 10 times more CO2 than the classical food chain by decomposing organic matter. This accounts for most of the carbon circulating in lakes, floodplains, and wetlands.
A new study found that millennials' worry about college is mitigated by parents' supportive relationships meeting their basic needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. However, over-involvement in parenting predicts lower need satisfaction, higher worry, and poor psychological well-being.
A collaborative project between C-Path and Japan's PMDA aims to generate critical data for safety decisions in early-stage clinical trials. The study will compare biomarkers in healthy Japanese volunteers with similar Western subjects, informing regulatory submissions.
Researchers have uncovered large-scale brain patterns and networks that control sleep, revealing new insights into the complex processes of brain activity during sleep. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of sleep disorders such as insomnia.
New research by University of Alberta scientists reveals that gesturing frequency is more closely tied to the way people tell a story than their cultural background. Studies with bilingual participants found that those speaking in chronological order tend to gesture more than those focusing on moral or meaning behind a story.
Researchers at Penn State are developing a system using unmanned aerial vehicles and ground-based robots to monitor air temperatures and provide targeted heating to protect crops from frost damage. The project aims to minimize energy use while maximizing precision in frost protection, with the goal of reducing economic losses for growers.
A University of Washington-led study reveals that declining nitrogen oxides due to tightened standards can lead to cleaner air, but the process may take longer. The research found that NOx affects the formation of PM2.5 by changing the chemistry of hydrocarbon vapors.
A new biosensor attached to a phone can detect arsenic levels in water, revealing a potential solution for contaminated drinking water sources. The device uses bacteria to generate easy-to-interpret patterns, providing an urgent need for simple and affordable monitoring tools.
Researchers use virtual reality to guide catheters through blood vessels with electromagnetic sensors, reducing radiation exposure and increasing precision. The technology has the potential to increase access to interventional radiology treatments in rural areas.
InDevR launches first-in-class reagent kit for rapid quantification of N9 in 'pandemic' influenza vaccines. The VaxArray assays are expected to reduce time and cost associated with vaccine production, facilitating improvement of seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines.
A new theory by QUT geologist Professor Balz Kamber explains why diamonds formed as precious gemstones rather than graphite, contradicting a common belief. The study suggests the upper mantle was relatively cool, leading to diamond formation during the Archaean era.
Researchers found that populations with high HIV/AIDS prevalence are more susceptible to antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections due to frequent antibiotic use. This increases the risk of drug-resistant diseases, posing a serious public health threat worldwide.
Dr. Daniel Von Hoff, TGen's Physician-In-Chief, has been recognized for his exceptional clinical research contributions through the Methods in Clinical Cancer Research Workshop, educating 100 students each summer. The workshop has trained nearly 2,300 graduates, who now populate leading cancer centers nationwide.
Neil Rhodes, a professor at UTIA, has been named Fellow of the Southern Weed Science Society for his significant contributions to the field. He was recognized for his tireless work on herbicide stewardship and dedication to mentoring young professionals.
Research finds that student loan forgiveness incentives influence new doctors' choice of specialty, with 35% of top-debt-quartile physicians practicing in primary care after using loan forgiveness programs. The article emphasizes the need to expand these programs to address the growing shortage of primary care physicians.
A study by Virginia Tech researchers found that people who feed birds notice natural changes in their backyards and respond to these events. Most often, they take action against cats or sick birds, but some also adjust their feeding habits based on weather conditions.
Mutations in the NUP160 gene are associated with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, a kidney disease that does not respond to steroids. The study identified new genetic mutations and developed a functional study system to analyze human genes.
Elk exhibit minimal avoidance of wolves due to philopatry, returning to familiar foraging areas despite small risk of predation. The study's findings suggest that wolves have negligible impacts on elk movements, contradicting previous theories.
A recent study found that advanced paternal age significantly increases the risk of early-onset schizophrenia in offspring, with a 30% higher risk for every 10-year delay. The association remains after accounting for parental predisposition to schizophrenia, suggesting an independent role of paternal age.
A new analysis by Harvard University shows that land conservation modestly increases employment rates in New England cities and towns, even when controlling for other factors. The study found small gains in median household income and population, as well as employment growth in recreation and tourism industries.
Xia Zhou, an associate professor of computer science at Dartmouth College, has been awarded the 2019 ACM SIGMOBILE RockStar award for her groundbreaking research on unconventional wireless spectrum frequencies and visible light sensing. Her work has led to breakthroughs in next-generation wireless systems and human behavioral sensing.
Researchers at Lund University have achieved a more efficient transfer of electrical current from bacteria to electrodes, paving the way for potential use in biofuel cells and other energy applications. The discovery also sheds light on how bacteria communicate with their surroundings, including other molecules and each other.
A new study by Duke University finds that droughts and rising water temperatures will significantly impact US power plants' generating capacity. The researchers recommend replacing traditional once-through cooling systems with recirculating cooling systems to mitigate these effects.
Studies from the Epilepsy Connectome Project reveal a difference in memory-related connections between healthy individuals and those with epilepsy. The researchers identified an excitatory connection association with inhibition of formation of the left hippocampal region in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.
A study found that a hallucinogenic drug reduces signaling in the visual cortex, leading to altered timing of neuron firing and triggering visual hallucinations. The research has implications for understanding neurological underpinnings in disorders like schizophrenia.
Researchers at the University of Bradford discovered a protein, EN2, released by cancer cells that alters normal cell behavior, promoting tumour growth and evading the immune system. The study found that both cancer and normal cells take up the protein, leading to changes in shape or fusion, allowing cancer cells to reactivate and spread.
A recent study discovered amyloid plaques in the brains of stranded dolphins in Florida and Massachusetts, similar to those found in humans with Alzheimer's disease. The presence of these plaques, along with an environmental toxin produced by cyanobacterial blooms, highlights the potential risks of toxic exposures in marine environments.
A major breakthrough in artificial womb technology has demonstrated its ability to support extremely preterm babies equivalent to a human fetus at 24 weeks of gestation. The study published in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology shows that the technology can maintain stable, growth-normal state for five days.
A research team at the University of Illinois developed a Stackelberg feedback solution to counter jamming signals, enabling more reliable communication in critical systems. The approach involves coordinated actions among sensor, encoder, and decoder units to minimize errors caused by jamming.
Researchers discovered that genes respond differently to individual amounts of water and nitrogen versus their combination. This finding has implications for engineering crops that can thrive in dry or nutrient-poor soils, which could increase global food production.
The University of Illinois is launching a 3-year program to improve diversity in STEM fields through targeted support for school counselors and year-round STEM experiences. The program aims to increase diversity among underrepresented groups, with partnerships from various organizations. By providing additional resources and support, t...
Researchers evaluated diverse carrot germplasm for salinity tolerance and identified a wide range of phenotypic variations. The study found that many cultivated carrots are saline-sensitive during germination but some wild and cultivated accessions exhibit high salt tolerance.
Researchers developed a new method to investigate tectonic C cycling in the complex Sunda margin, finding that only a fraction of sedimentary carbon returns to the Earth, contributing to atmospheric CO2. This discovery has significant implications for understanding the solid Earth's role in regulating global climate.
Researchers suggest that snail and clam shells found at Caribbean archaeological sites may indicate child involvement in foraging and grocery shopping. Children's contributions to their own subsistence were more efficient and meaningful than previously thought, changing the way archaeologists think about site materials and distribution.
A study published in JAMA reveals significant improvement in the survival rate of extremely preterm babies in Sweden, rising from 70% to 77%, while complications decreased, between 2014-2016 and 2004-2007.
Researchers at Peking University have developed a new model that uses artificial intelligence to predict the distance between atoms in materials. By modifying the size of ions, they were able to achieve more accurate results than current models, with an average deviation of less than 0.1 Å.
The new Easy Email Encryption (E3) app automatically encrypts incoming emails on trusted devices, providing real-world security without requiring technical expertise. With receiver-controlled encryption and per-device key pairs, E3 makes email protection accessible to non-technical users.
The study estimates that global lake greening could increase methane emissions by 30-90% over the next century. This is attributed to human population growth, climate change, and increased stormwater runoff, which lead to eutrophication and oxygen depletion in lakes.
A team of scientists at Waseda University has discovered a new type of structural phase transition in an organic crystal that can be triggered by light. This finding may broaden the applicability of photo-responsive solids and enable the development of next-generation actuators that can be controlled remotely using light.
Researchers found that LED lighting generally outperforms HPS lighting in greenhouse production, producing higher-quality flowers with potential economic benefits. The study suggests LED technology is capable of replacing HPS for supplemental lighting in cut gerbera production during darker periods.
The Annovera vaginal ring, approved by the FDA last August, is a self-inserted system that provides contraceptive efficacy for up to 13 cycles (1 year) of use. It has a Pearl index of 2.98, indicating only about three unintended pregnancies per 100 women in a year.
Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology have developed a smart wrist-worn device for monitoring atrial fibrillation, a condition affecting approximately 9% of people aged 65 and older. The device vibrates mildly when detecting abnormal heart activity, prompting the wearer to register a short ECG signal for further diagnosis.
Researchers found that the giant duckweed has extremely low genetic diversity and mutation rate, which may be due to its large population size. This study provides new insights into why genetic diversity differs among species.
Researchers develop AI method to extract clinically important movement patterns from normal video recordings, enabling early CP detection and assessment of neurological development. The study shows promise for automated movement analyses in diverse applications, including out-of-hospital screening and therapeutic decision-making.
A new study found that probiotic bacteria can evolve and change inside the mouse's gut, making them less effective and sometimes harmful. The researchers discovered that the bacteria's DNA changes and they develop new capabilities after living in the mice's intestines for a few weeks.
Researchers at Kyoto University have made a breakthrough in understanding the root cause of abnormal sperm morphology in infertile mice. By modifying a single amino acid on a key protein, they were able to restore fertility in test mice, opening up new possibilities for treating infertility.
Researchers discovered that CG9186 protein restricts hormonal signalling pathways, including insulin pathway, affecting Drosophila growth. The study suggests a link between the protein's absence and altered growth rates in larvae.
Researchers found the temporoparietal junction significantly activated during cooperative tasks, indicating its role in facilitating cooperation. The anterior part of this region fires off information to the mentalizing system, controlling the flow of information.
Researchers found that C. elegans can acquire the molybdenum cofactor (Moco) by consuming E.coli bacteria, a molecule essential to enzyme function. This ability offers potential therapeutic avenues for treating Moco deficiency, a rare human genetic disorder.
A recent study of child-feeding habits among Marshallese in Arkansas found high compliance with medical standards for breastfeeding infants, but also reliance on rice and processed foods. Researchers identified economic and cultural barriers to incorporating fruits and vegetables into the diet.
Theoretical approach uses layers formed by liquids to arrange nanoparticles into unique structures for optics, plasmonics and electronics applications. By controlling nanoparticle properties, researchers can create exotic arrangements, such as strings or sheets, with potential benefits in multi-stage chemical catalysis.
A new 3D printing method enables the creation of fine-scale mesh structures that allow for precise control over a cell's microenvironment. This could lead to highly uniform cultures of cells with desired properties, making it a promising tool for biomedical research and potential medical applications.
Researchers at Penn State and the University of Alabama developed a technique to spin starch fibers using Lego pieces, creating potential scaffolds for lab-grown 'clean' meat. The starch fiber mats have been optimized for better alignment and strength, making them suitable for biomedical applications.
A new study reveals that violence against long-term care staff in Canada is widespread and largely unreported due to fear of reprisals. The research identifies underlying causes such as understaffing, poor organization, and inadequate emotional care as contributing factors.
A recent study published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that younger groups of organisms diversify faster than older ones, challenging traditional explanations for the Tree of Life's imbalance. This suggests that time-dependent general principles govern life's diversity on Earth, operating beneath other factors
Research suggests genetic tagging is a powerful tool for ecology and conservation, providing non-invasive methods to track animal populations. The method offers benefits over traditional approaches, such as scalability, precision, and cost-effectiveness.
A recent study by Robert Manduca at Harvard University reveals that income inequality is a major driver of the growing income gap between different regions in the United States. The study shows that over the past forty years, the number of people living in communities at the extreme ends of the income scale has increased three-fold, wi...
Researchers identified a novel mobile genetic element, pWCP, in the Wolbachia bacterium of Culex pipiens mosquitoes. This discovery opens up new avenues for understanding interactions between the bacterium and its host, as well as its role in pathogen transmission.
Researchers at Ohio State University College of Medicine have identified a metabolic process in the heart that, if treated, could prevent or slow the progression of heart failure. By normalizing a reactive fat compound called acyl-CoA, the hearts retained their ability to burn fat and generate energy.
A new metric called the E2E evaluates the intensification of wet and dry spells under global warming, revealing significant increases in event-to-event hydrological intensification index with rising temperatures.
Scientists at UC Davis and USDA's ARS developed a new approach to sequence walnut genomes, using long-read DNA sequencing and optical genome mapping. The resulting high-quality genome sequences can help breeders develop disease-resistant varieties.
Scientists have achieved a billion-fold increase in the electrical conductivity of melanin, enabling its potential in safe and sustainable bioelectronics. The breakthrough involves heating synthetic eumelanin to produce High Vacuum Annealed Eumelanin, which shows tunable conductivity and biocompatibility.
Researchers identified over 200 heritage apple cultivars planted in Wyoming's homesteads and orchards from the late 19th century. These historic trees continue to produce fruit despite harsh conditions, suggesting they could be used for breeding programs to improve drought- and cold-tolerance.
Researchers developed a simple nondimensional parameter called 'aneurysm number' to classify the flow mode in both sidewall and bifurcation aneurysms. The parameter can substitute flow factors, potentially reducing the need for cumbersome measurements and simulations.
The Cornell University-led study identifies 1,822 stars with conditions suitable for finding Earth-like planets and life-supporting environments. These stars are within reach of NASA's James Webb Space Telescope for atmospheric analysis and the detection of signs of life.
Tropical Cyclone Veronica weakened due to strong vertical wind shear, causing its center to clear of clouds. The storm rapidly deteriorated and is expected to dissipate by the end of March 26.
Researchers discovered that HIV-1 forms nanotubes between macrophages in tuberculosis patients, increasing viral transfer and production. This finding provides potential targets for reducing viral load and improving treatment outcomes.
A newly discovered mechanism in plant nutrition could help achieve higher harvests in a sustainable way. The study found that the balance between nitrogen and phosphorus is crucial for crop yield, with nitrogen controlling phosphate absorption.
A new study by MIT researchers puts a dollar value on free digital goods people use, including Facebook ($40-$50/month), YouTube ($1,173/year), and digital maps (59 euros/$67/month). The surveys drew 65,000 responses and found significant consumer surplus beyond prices paid.
Researchers identified a critical protein for tumor cell survival and found that targeting it could be a novel treatment strategy for MSI-H tumors. The study suggests that pharmacological inhibition of WRN function might serve as a targeted therapeutic approach.
Researchers at GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel have directly detected oceanic nitrification process by measuring hydroxylamine, a short-lived compound. The new method allows for quick and simple analysis of nitrous oxide formation in the ocean.
Researchers developed a computational model that explores how the auditory system achieves accurate speech recognition by identifying distinct categories of sounds. The model found that the brain looks for informative features, such as those characteristic of a face, to distinguish between different vocalizations.
Researchers have developed a new method to study gene expression and its relationship with cell behavior, including regeneration. The method, called single-cell-digital gene expression (1cell-DGE), allows for the analysis of RNA from individual living cells in intact tissue without compromising positional information.
Researchers at Oxford University have developed a method to produce eggs from ovarian tissue in labs, providing new hope for the critically endangered Northern White Rhino. The technique could enable conservationists to pull species back from extinction by utilizing ovarian tissue from old or injured animals.
A meta-analysis from Penn Nursing's Center for Health Outcomes & Policy Research has linked better nurse work environments to lower odds of negative outcomes, including patient mortality. The study analyzed data from over 2,600 hospitals and found a strong association between the nurse work environment and patient and clinician well-be...
A team from Massachusetts General Hospital has developed a new method to encapsulate human stem-cell-derived beta cells, which restored glucose metabolism in diabetic mice and protected the cells from immune system attack. The use of an immune-repellent protein, CXCL12, significantly prolonged the survival and function of the cells.
Tomasz Skwarnicki and his team have analyzed data from the Large Hadron Collider beauty experiment at CERN, discovering three never-before-seen pentaquarks. The findings suggest that pentaquarks are built in a similar way to protons and neutrons, potentially affecting models of matter in other parts of the universe.
The EDC-MixRisk project reveals that current regulations underestimate health risks associated with combined exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals, affecting fetal development and neurodevelopmental outcomes. The study highlights the need for a novel approach to mixture risk assessment and emphasizes the importance of considering...
Pediatric health researchers offer new insights for RSV vaccine development, highlighting the importance of type 1 interferons in infants' immune response. The study suggests strategies to enhance type 1 interferon responses and improve existing vaccines, offering hope for prevention of severe RSV disease in infants.
Researchers found that host cells use autophagy to target specific bacterial proteins for recycling, which could be used by bacteria to escape clearance. Enhancing autophagy through activators may help fight bacterial infections and develop new therapies.
A USC Dornsife-led study has provided the first global network model of the inner workings of the hypothalamus, a critical part of the brain that controls fundamental behaviors and physiology. The study reveals novel associations with several diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and behavioral disorders.
A study by LMU biologists reveals that the distinct division between Europe's carrion crows and hooded crows is largely driven by plumage color. The two forms have remained distinct despite fertile hybrid offspring, suggesting a selective advantage for mate choice based on feather color.
Researchers at Swansea University and the University of Hamburg have discovered metal nanoclusters that can be used as semiconductors, displaying unique properties such as field effect and photoconductivity. The findings hold promise for a wide range of potential applications in electronics, wearable technology, and gas sensing.
Tropical Cyclone Joaninha is affecting Mauritius, with NASA tracking its movement through the Southern Indian Ocean. The storm is causing strong southerly winds and heavy swells, prompting warnings from the Mauritius Meteorological Services.
Researchers developed BridgIT, a tool that annotates proteins for 93% of enzymatic reactions, filling gaps in metabolic networks. The tool correctly predicts enzymes for 211 out of 234 non-orphan reactions and 334 out of 379 hypothetical reactions.
A new study reveals that one-third of pollinator species have declined in distribution across Great Britain, while others remain stable or show inconclusive trends. However, an unexpected positive finding is the increase in key bee species responsible for pollinating flowering crops.
A new study reveals that children who have trouble processing their trauma and perceive their symptoms as a sign of something seriously wrong are more likely to develop PTSD. The research found that deliberate attempts to process the trauma can actually worsen PTSD in children.
A new series of tangram games has been developed to train and assess children's reading, writing, and word identification skills at an early age. The games, led by Dr Simpson Wong, aim to identify children with early visual processing difficulties and provide suitable support.
A new mapping technique using satellite imagery helps track huckleberry distribution across Glacier National Park, enabling biologists to predict where grizzly bears will be found. This tool also aids in conserving the plant, which is crucial for the bears' survival and informs strategies to minimize human-bear conflicts.
A new 'pulsing' ultrasound technique has been developed to improve drug delivery to the brains of mice, opening up new possibilities for treating neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's. By using shorter-wave pulses, researchers were able to deliver drugs effectively without causing tissue damage or side effects.
The study reveals that the rapidity with which neurons fire off affects information processing in the brain. Neurons in the hippocampus use spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) to learn and form memories, with precise timing determining the strength of connections between neurons.
A study published in Heliyon found that trained musicians exhibit greater executive control of attention than non-musicians, with improved performance linked to increased years of training. This suggests that musical training can enhance cognitive abilities beyond music-specific skills.
A large multicenter trial found that standard intermittent positive pressure ventilation did not reduce the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) or death at 36 weeks postmenstrual age for extremely preterm infants. In contrast, sustained inflations did not appear beneficial in reducing BPD risk and mortality in this vulnerable popu...