The Center for Advanced Latin American Studies (CALAS) is a research project exploring crisis management and environmental crises in Latin America. International fellows from various disciplines are investigating six aspects of crisis management through dialogue and exchange.
Researchers found that active genes restrict DNA movement by organizing it into a network of interconnected domains. Chromatin becomes more mobile when gene transcription is inhibited or cells enter quiescence.
Researchers at Indiana University have developed a new tool to observe living cells in real time under a microscope, advancing knowledge on how bacteria build their cell walls. This technology has significant value in addressing antibiotic resistance, which affects at least 2 million people in the US each year.
A new analytical model predicts Helmholtz cavity's sound spectrum with high accuracy, enabling efficient design of noise-cancelling systems. The model is optimized for low speed airflows and low frequencies, allowing for modular investigation of complex geometries.
Researchers discovered that the WNT signaling pathway is more dynamic than previously thought, with different cell types responding differently to the same signals. They found that cells can tune the dynamics of this pathway to perform different functions in different contexts.
Researchers found that two specific genes, SPR and BCO2, are responsible for yellow and orange/red pigmentation in wall lizards. These genes also affect behavior, size, fighting ability, and reproductive strategies, with different-colored individuals preferring mates of their own color.
A new study by Dr. Margaret McCarthy's Lab reveals that male sex steroids play a key role in shaping brain development, particularly in the amygdala, which controls emotions and social behaviors. The research shows that testosterone eliminates newborn cells in males, while females' cells differentiate into glial cells.
A team led by Dr. Adriana López-Arbarello identifies three new species of the genus Eosemionotus, a type of ancient ray-finned fish, found in the Swiss Alps. The discovery provides insights into the rapid diversification of life after a mass extinction event.
Researchers found that estrogen affects astrocytes, which produce growth factors promoting brain metastasis. Anti-estrogen therapy may prevent brain metastasis in women with triple-negative breast cancer.
Researchers produce a colorless liquid reservoir of metal-like discrete platinum atoms with high catalytic activity and stability, offering potential for reducing Pt consumption in the silicone industry. The scalable preparation method shields individual Pt atoms with hydrochlorides and docks them in the liquid through oxygen atoms.
The study identifies tetrahedral nature as the local ordering of atoms in liquids, explaining the first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) feature. The findings provide direct evidence of coexisting order and disorder in tetrahedral liquids, leading to improved understanding of their properties.
A new study by the University of Tennessee will examine the intersection of being LGBT and a caregiver, highlighting elevated risks of poor health. The project aims to collect comprehensive data on the LGBT ADRD caregiving experience to inform intervention development.
Researchers developed 13 bioluminescence sensors to measure intracellular signaling pathways and detect pharmaceutical action. The biosensors provide a complete answer, or 'signaling profile,' allowing for more accurate drug testing and development.
Researchers at Oregon State University have discovered that metal oxide catalysts can predict reactivity with easy-to-determine properties, enabling more efficient processes across various industries. The findings open up new pathways for rational catalyst design and pollution abatement.
A meta-analysis of multiple studies identifies hundreds of gene variants contributing to Tourette's syndrome, with more severe symptoms associated with increased risk variants. The study suggests a continuous spectrum of tic disorders and raises the possibility of predicting TS development in children with mild tics.
Researchers develop photoswitchable molecules that can be activated by pulsed infrared light, allowing for precise control over molecular activity. The technique achieves 100% efficiency and opens doors to applications in drug delivery and studying neuronal circuits.
Scientists have successfully transferred a key part of the plant's RNA editing mechanism into a bacterium, confirming a long-held theory about its functioning. This breakthrough improves our understanding of this widespread mechanism and opens up new avenues for research.
Researchers at LCSB and DKFZ successfully rejuvenated stem cells in the aging brain of mice, improving regeneration of injured areas. The study identified a molecule called sFRP5 that keeps neuronal stem cells inactive, but neutralizing it allowed them to proliferate again.
Scientists at Yale University investigate the mechanics of touch by studying the sensitive skin on ducks' bills, finding similarities with human palms. They identify the Piezo2 molecule as crucial for touch sensation, with duck bill skin allowing more ions to enter neurons than mouse paw skin.
A new measurement approach could create the first CT measurement standards connected to the International System of Units (SI), allowing for more precise calibration and comparison among scanners. This could lead to improved communication among doctors, more efficient diagnosis, and less costly treatment.
Researchers at Tokyo Tech report a unipolar n-type transistor with electron mobility of up to 7.16 cm2 V-1 s-1, exceeding previous results by 40%. The material achieves this performance through fine-tuning the backbone conformation and introducing vinylene bridges.
Researchers at QUT developed an innovative method using drones and infrared imaging to detect koalas with high accuracy, surpassing expert observers in some areas. The technique has great potential for improving management of threatened species and detecting invasive species.
Researchers have identified six proteins associated with early-stage non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition that can progress to end-stage liver cirrhosis. The discovery of protein PIGR as a candidate biomarker for liver damage tests offers a promising new diagnostic tool.
Researchers found that lipids can self-assemble into vesicles on a surface without external input, forming compartments enclosed by lipid membranes. This process is plausible and could have occurred on early Earth, where fatty molecules were abundant.
Researchers at Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University developed a method to control the static and dynamic properties of amorphous ferromagnetic microwires by adjusting internal mechanical stress. The study improves understanding of these materials and their potential applications in various fields.