Articles tagged with Solid State Chemistry
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have developed a new imaging methodology that produces 3-D images of nanoparticles at atomic resolution, revealing new details of defects. This method enables the visualization of atoms from different angles and their arrangement in three dimensions.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have developed ultra-thin films of nickel and iron oxides that demonstrate high catalytic activity for forming oxygen from water. The nickel-iron oxide catalyst was found to be most effective when just 0.4 nanometers thick, making it a promising material for solar-hydrogen production.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have synthesized organic molecular structures that can move both positive and negative electrical charges. This breakthrough has significant implications for creating flexible electronic devices, such as stretchable and bendable computers and synthetic skin for robots and prosthetics.
Scientists have developed a new heat-storing material by encapsulating paraffin wax in silicon dioxide spheres, which shows high thermal stability and large surface area. The microencapsulated paraffin demonstrates improved safety and efficiency compared to existing phase-change materials.
Researchers have discovered a highly efficient material for capturing CO2, which could make clean-coal technology more efficient and reduce energy costs. The breakthrough material, SIFSIX-1-Cu, is less expensive and reusable than existing materials, with the potential to improve air quality and combat climate change.
Researchers from the University of Florida have developed a new technique for growing new materials from nanorods, enabling the creation of sophisticated structures and materials. The breakthrough could revolutionize industries such as data processing and human medicine by increasing efficiency in polarized LED displays up to 50%.
Researchers will analyze water chemistry and pipe materials under controlled conditions to determine the effects of pipe material, water flow, and chemistry on building plumbing microbiomes. The study aims to improve public health by identifying factors that control microbe growth in water systems.
Researchers at Northwestern University have created two new synthetic materials with the greatest amount of surface areas reported to date. The materials, NU-109 and NU-110, belong to a class of crystalline nanostructures known as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) that are promising vessels for natural gas storage.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new class of organic materials that can be used for ferroelectricity, which could improve computer memory and sensing devices. The discovery could save $6 billion in electricity costs annually if used in cloud computing.
New experiments show graphene reacts chemically and electrically differently depending on the substrate material, allowing for patterned surfaces with varying chemical behavior. This discovery enables the creation of microarrays of sensors and potential protective coatings for materials.
Researchers have successfully identified natural elemental fluorine in a special fluorite called 'fetid fluorite' or 'antozonite', which emits an intense odor when crushed. The discovery resolves a long-standing debate and provides insight into the properties of fluorine, a highly reactive element.
A multidisciplinary team at MIT developed a new mathematical approach to simulate noncrystalline materials, which could lead to more efficient solar cells and organic LED lights. The method uses free probability applied to random matrices, achieving accurate predictions with great precision.
Researchers have developed a novel porous material with unique carbon dioxide retention properties, which could be used in new carbon capture products to reduce emissions from fossil fuel processes. The material's structure allows selective adsorption of CO2, even at low temperatures.
Researchers at Georgia Tech develop Nano-photonic Composite Scintillation Detector to enhance radiation detection effectiveness and reduce cost. The detector combines rare-earth elements with nanotechnology techniques for improved sensitivity, accuracy, and robustness.
A new guide addresses the challenges of researching multiblock polymers, which can result in a wide range of materials customizable to various specifications. The approach combines predictive computer simulation methods with advanced synthetic and structural characterization tools to address the vast number of possible combinations.
Researchers have employed powerful X-rays to determine molecular arrangements in organic materials used in printed electronics, leading to the discovery of molecular alignment as a key factor in material performance. The technique could lead to cheaper and more efficient electronic devices.
Researchers developed functional oxide thin films for efficient electronics, creating a new field of oxide electronics. This innovation enables high-power devices and smart sensors by overcoming the limitations of silicon-based electronics.
Researchers have discovered a new porous zeolite material that can convert gasoline directly into diesel, offering a potential solution to the growing demand for diesel. The ITQ-39 material has complex atomic structure and channels of varying size and shape, enabling efficient conversion.
Yogi D. Goswami, Alan R. Hevner, Robert H. Tykot, and Michael J. Zaworotko were elected as AAAS Fellows for their groundbreaking work in renewable energies, computer sciences, archaeological materials science, and solid-state chemistry. They will be formally announced on December 23, 2011, at Science journal.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have developed a boron-nitrogen-based liquid-phase storage material for hydrogen that works safely at room temperature and is air- and moisture-stable. The new material features clean, fast, and controllable hydrogen desorption without any phase change.
CNR Rao's research on metal oxides, nanomaterials and graphene has enabled him to become one of the world's most respected scientists. He has received numerous awards and honors, including the 2011 Ernesto Illy Trieste Science Prize.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh have created a new generation of materials by tying molecules into complex knots that can give them exceptional versatility and flexibility. By producing chemicals with specific numbers of well-defined knots, scientists may be able to design materials with greater control over their properties.
Researchers find that icy dust specks on interstellar clouds can speed up chemical reactions, forming complex organic molecules. This discovery sheds light on the origins of life in the Universe, suggesting that these dust grains may play a crucial role in seeding galaxies with chemical potential for life.
Researchers at KIT develop a new concept for rechargeable batteries based on fluoride shuttles, increasing storage capacity by several factors. The fluoride-ion battery offers improved safety properties without lithium, with potential applications in mobile devices.
Scientists at Northwestern University have developed a reconfigurable electronic material that can rearrange itself to meet different computational needs. This new material enables the creation of self-adapting electronic components with directed paths for electron flow.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a new method to describe electronegativity, a basic chemical concept that can be difficult for college students to grasp. The system, called an atomic solid state energy scale, offers simplicity of understanding and opens important new avenues in materials and chemical research.
Researchers developed semiconductor materials that detect gamma rays, identifying plutonium and uranium. The method uses dimensional reduction to create heavy elements with immobilized electrons, making them suitable for detection.
The center aims to accelerate the translation of basic-level discoveries into commercial markets, with a focus on developing sustainable materials chemistry. Researchers will leverage environmentally friendly approaches to synthesize and fabricate compounds, thin films, and composite materials for various applications.
A new angle-resolved photoemission technique allows researchers to probe a depth of up to 20 times beyond the previous limit, providing more detailed information about electron motion and bonding in materials. This breakthrough enables studies of new types of materials for various applications.
Researchers at Virginia Tech discovered a way to speed up the flow and filtering of water or ions in fuel cells, improving their efficiency and power. By stretching the Nafion polymer electrolyte membrane, they increased its ability to selectively filter substances.
Rigoberto Advincula has developed two materials effective against E. coli: a graphene material with antimicrobial properties and a conducting polymer that can repel bacteria. His work, published in high-impact journals, is part of his prolific record as a leading polymer researcher.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a method to apply conductive nanocoatings to textiles, enabling the creation of flexible electronic devices. The new technique uses atomic layer deposition and measures conductivity using larger probes, providing a better understanding of how to apply coatings on textiles.
Scientists have developed a novel technique to image the distribution of carbon and oxygen in samples with complex chemistry. The new method allows for the detection of tiny inclusions of water or diamond inside martian rock samples, providing insights into the molecular level structure of various materials.
Researchers at UCLA have made a breakthrough in controlled engineering of nanocatalysts by using surfactants and biomolecules to produce predictable shapes. This innovation has the potential to improve catalytic properties and lead to more efficient energy production and reduced pollution.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed soft, elastic gels that change color when exposed to UV light. The materials are made with a type of photochromic compound called spiropyran, which changes color in response to UV radiation.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have developed a new class of material that shines with phosphorescence in jewel tones. The discovery could lead to cheaper and more efficient display screens, as well as improved organic light-emitting diodes.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a material that can harness electricity from heat-generating items with 14% efficiency, a scientific first. The material, composed of nanocrystals of rock salt in lead telluride, reduces electron scattering and increases energy conversion efficiency.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have fabricated transparent thin films capable of absorbing light and generating electric charge. The semiconducting polymer-fullerene material, which forms a honeycomb pattern, has potential for large-scale energy-generating solar windows or optical displays.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a high-performance metal-insulator-metal diode, solving decades-old material science challenges. The discovery has the potential to transform electronic products, enabling faster speeds and lower costs.
Scientists at MIT find molecular mechanism for storing and releasing heat on demand, enabling potential for rechargeable batteries and fuel, and opening door to more abundant materials.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute professors Jonathan Dordick and Leonard Interrante have been named ACS Fellows for their groundbreaking work in biocatalysis, bioengineering, nanobiotechnology, and materials science. Their discoveries have the potential to protect thousands of people from bacterial infections and transform the modern d...
A team at North Carolina State University has created water-gel-based solar devices that produce electricity, mimicking nature's solar cells. The devices use light-sensitive molecules and electrodes to generate power, potentially replacing silicon-based solar cells with a more environmentally friendly option.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories have developed kinked nanopores that can slow down DNA transmission, enabling easier DNA sequencing. The innovation uses self-assembly techniques and atomic-layer deposition to achieve a fivefold slowdown in voltage-driven translocation speeds.
Researchers achieve world records for porosity and carbon dioxide storage capacity in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a crucial property for capturing heat-trapping emissions. The breakthrough could lead to cleaner energy and the development of synthetic genes to capture CO2.
Scientists have created a bandage that slowly releases nitric oxide, increasing blood flow in laboratory rats. The technology has potential applications for treating diabetic patients and preserving donated organs, suggesting improved outcomes in both conditions.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have designed a class of molecules with the right properties for all-optical signal processing. These materials could enable low-power, high-speed optical switching and computing, potentially transmitting data at speeds up to 2,000 gigabits-per-second.
Solid-state lighting has the potential to reduce energy consumption for lighting by a factor of three to six times, with current forms of light-production producing up to 95% wasted energy. Phillips will discuss ways to harness existing energy sources and identify areas of needed nanotechnology research
Researchers at Northwestern University and Oxford University have developed a new method to understand surface layers of atoms, critical for material properties. The bond-valence-sum method has shown how to arrange atoms on surfaces, enabling predictions of material behavior.
Researchers have developed a new material that can capture heat-trapping carbon dioxide emissions using a synthetic DNA-like crystal. The discovery could lead to cleaner energy and potentially create materials that convert carbon dioxide into fuel.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new material that permanently traps only the desired radioactive ion, cesium, from a sodium-heavy solution. The synthetic material, made from layers of a gallium, sulfur and antimony compound, sequesters 100% of the cesium ions while ignoring all the sodium ions.
Researchers from the University of Valencia confirm pine resin was used to seal a 2,000-year-old amphora found in Morocco. The vessel contained metallic fragments likely used for iron-working, suggesting it may have been reused as a protective container.
Scientists have developed a new bandage that slowly releases nitric oxide, increasing blood flow and regulating body functions. The material is made from zeolites embedded in a water-repellent polymer and has potential applications in therapeutic socks for diabetic patients and organ preservation.
Researchers at Carnegie Institution create unique hydrogen-storage material by combining xenon with molecular hydrogen under pressure, offering a new family of materials to boost hydrogen technologies. The discovery reveals unusual bonding chemistry and potential applications in synthesizing energetic materials.
Dr. George Whitesides receives the inaugural Dreyfus Prize in the Chemical Sciences for his pioneering work in materials chemistry. He has developed innovative methods for creating new materials that have significantly advanced the field of chemistry and its societal benefits.
The University of Alabama at Birmingham has been awarded $431,200 to acquire a highly-specialized X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy System with micro-scale-imaging capabilities. This will enable researchers to visualize surface chemical composition and bonding capabilities of newly designed materials.
The researchers aim to discover new materials that can efficiently absorb sunlight and split water into clean hydrogen fuel, which could power cars and generate electricity. The project will focus on novel metal oxides as semiconductors, with the goal of creating cheap and abundant materials for sustainable energy production.
Scientists developed a test to evaluate the performance of smudge- and reflection-resistant coatings used in smartphones. The test revealed that fluoroether content, silica, and aluminum layers enhance anti-smudge properties and reduce glare.
Four Penn State researchers, Sean Hallgren, Adam Smith, Michael Hickner, and Susan Parks, will receive the Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers. They were recognized for their outstanding work in quantum computation, cryptography, polymer chemistry, and bioacoustics.
Scientists at Virginia Tech have developed a hands-off process for filling fullerenes with radio-active material, increasing control of radiation therapy. The new material allows for targeted localization and potentially fewer side effects in brain tumor treatment.
A team of researchers at the Savannah River National Laboratory has developed a novel closed cycle for producing aluminum hydride, a high capacity hydrogen storage material. The electrochemical method allows for the regeneration of the material, making it potentially cost-effective and efficient.