Articles tagged with Solid State Chemistry
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Northwestern University successfully chemically functionalize graphene using perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA). The resulting monolayer is nearly defect-free and stable under room temperature conditions.
George M. Whitesides has won the inaugural Dreyfus Prize in Materials Chemistry for his pioneering work in creating new materials and systems. His research has advanced the field of chemistry with significant societal benefits.
James Crivello, a prominent polymer researcher at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, has been awarded the Herman F. Mark Senior Scholar Award by the ACS. His groundbreaking research on novel polymers and innovative applications in energy conservation, coating, and composites has earned him this prestigious recognition.
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory scientists have developed new materials that improve the power efficiency of blue OLEDs by at least 25 percent. These advancements aim to overcome major research challenges and provide a solution for large-scale applications in rooms and buildings.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a high-performing photoconducting material using zinc oxide, offering environmentally benign chemistry, low-cost production, and high detectivity. The material's novel architecture enables efficient electron transport, comparable to amorphous silicon.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki have successfully produced nano-sized metallic copper particles that can form electricity-conducting layers and patterns on paper. The particles, protected by polymeric compounds, exhibit good electrical conductivity and make them promising materials for electronics printed on paper.
A team of chemists at Johns Hopkins University has developed water-soluble electronic materials that spontaneously assemble into 'wires' with potential for biomedical applications. The researchers are exploring the use of these materials to guide electrical current and regulate cell-to-cell communication.
Researchers observed catalysts restructuring themselves in response to gases, gaining insight into their behavior during reactions. This new understanding enables the development of smart catalysts tailored to optimize chemical reactions.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have created a new graphene-based material that helps solve the structure of graphite oxide. The material, made by replacing normal carbon atoms with magnetically active carbon-13, will enable scientists to create different types of graphene and study its chemical structure.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new technique to determine the atomic-scale structure of membrane proteins using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This breakthrough enables high-resolution structural information, which is crucial for understanding protein function.
Lubchenko aims to crack the mystery of electrical phenomena in amorphous materials using 'old-fashioned' math, as direct computer modeling and existing theoretical approaches have been unsuccessful. His research could lead to affordable solar batteries and expand the speed and capacity of computer memory.
Svilen Bobev, a University of Delaware assistant professor, has received the NSF Faculty Early Career Development Award to study novel rare earth metal compounds. The project will analyze the crystal chemistry and properties of these compounds using advanced techniques.
Researchers at UCLA have solved a decades-old mystery in hydrogen gas storage, enabling the creation of more efficient and environmentally friendly vehicles. The study found that adding titanium to sodium alanate can store high-density hydrogen at reasonable pressures and temperatures.
Researchers uncover 'duality relations' between particle arrangements, enabling control of ground states and potentially creating novel materials with unique properties. The discovery could lead to materials that respond to light or mechanical stress in new ways, such as maintaining shape in extreme temperatures.
The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors is a top advance, driving progress in microelectronics and materials science. Materials science studies materials used in devices and technologies, including polymers, semiconductors, and metals.
A team of Ames Laboratory scientists has offered a new model explaining the structure and function of proton exchange membranes in fuel cells. The model proposes a network of densely packed, parallel cylindrical water channels that help explain how water and protons diffuse through the membrane.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new, catalyst-free approach to create self-healing materials that can repair cracks in composite materials. The new system uses chlorobenzene microcapsules to restore structural integrity, with fracture tests showing a 82% recovery of original fracture toughness.
Researchers at the University of Houston are presenting new material innovations that have potential applications in consumer electronics and fuel cell research. These advancements include hybrid nanomaterials for energy conversion devices, a Pd membrane reactor to convert fuels into hydrogen for electricity production in fuel cells.
Researchers create covalent organic frameworks with high thermal stability, surface areas and extremely low densities. COF-108 has the lowest density reported of any crystalline material, suitable for storing hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide.
Dr. Yueh-Lin Loo at the University of Texas at Austin has developed a plastic with changeable conductivity, which can be altered during manufacturing to meet the needs of future electronic devices. This breakthrough could lead to flexible, inexpensive wiring in products such as military camouflage and foldable electronic displays.
Biomedical engineers create implant materials with nanostructured surface textures that mimic the natural lining of blood vessels. The results show rapid colonization of endothelial cells, preventing overgrowth of smooth muscle cells and reducing restenosis.
Researchers have designed and mass-produced billions of fluorescent microscale particles in the shapes of all 26 letters of the alphabet. The 'LithoParticles' can be used to mark individual cells, create tiny pumps, motors or containers with medical and security applications.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research and University of Manchester fabricate ultra-thin membranes made of graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms. The membranes have demonstrated stability comparable to corrugated cardboard despite their thinness.
Researchers in Manchester and London are working on a £1.5m project to create more efficient solar cells using inexpensive materials and novel fabrication methods. The goal is to produce demonstration hybrid solar cells with the potential to be mass-produced and achieve an energy conversion efficiency of ten percent.
A leading U.S. innovator in nanofabrication and assembly processes, James E. Hutchison, emphasizes the need for designing materials and processes that minimize hazard and waste in the production phase of nanotechnology. Green chemistry can sharply reduce toxic solvents and produce safer products with reduced unintended consequences.
The program aims to understand the behavior of strongly correlated electrons in materials such as high-temperature superconductors and magnetic materials. Researchers at Rice will combine theoretical and experimental approaches to tackle these complex materials.
The EO Lawrence Award recognizes eight scientists and engineers for their exceptional contributions in research and development. The winners, including Paul Alivisatos and Moungi Bawendi, are honored for their work in materials science, physics, life sciences, chemistry, and environmental science.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new polymer membrane for reverse osmosis that resists degradation by chlorine, allowing for efficient desalination. The membrane uses a similar structure to proton exchange membrane materials used in fuel cells, but with added salt treatment for improved chlorine resistance.
Researchers have developed a new proton exchange membrane (PEM) material that retains conductivity even at low humidity, overcoming a significant challenge for fuel cells. This breakthrough, achieved through self-assembling block copolymer materials, has the potential to increase the efficiency and feasibility of hydrogen-based energy ...
Researchers measure lifetimes of low-energy excitations in MnF2, a model system for understanding spin wave interactions. The data provide insight into the nature and strength of these interactions, helping to answer a longstanding question in physics.
Researchers have deciphered engineering principles of biological nanosystems to develop new technologies, including assembly lines for cargo at the nanoscale level. This breakthrough promises novel ways to combat bacterial infections and interact with synthetic surfaces.
Researchers at the University of Toronto developed a new material, periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO), that acts as a better insulator for microelectronics. The PMO film would take up less room than conventional silica glass and allow components to shrink further, enabling smaller and more efficient devices.
David Vanderbilt's work simplifies computer calculations to understand material atomic structure and create new materials. His methods have broad applications in physics, chemistry, and engineering.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed a new method for growing crystalline and polycrystalline gallium nitride films using energetic neutral atom-beam lithography/epitaxy. The technique allows for the growth of GaN films on various inexpensive substrate materials, including glass and polymers.
Researchers create three-dimensional topography on DNA surfaces using enzyme-driven process. The method combines enzyme-driven 'carving' and vertical length addition, enabling precise control over structure and composition of DNA nanostructures.
Researchers at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility report the synthesis of a new material, MIL-101, with very large internal pores and high surface area. The novel metal organic framework material has potential applications in chemical separation, heterogeneous catalysis, gas storage, and more.
Researchers have developed a new technique using carbon nanotubes to mimic the role of collagen in bone tissue, leading to improved mechanical strength and flexibility for artificial bone grafts. This breakthrough could lead to a new type of bone graft for fractures and potentially even treat osteoporosis.
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has released Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1d for Indiana limestone, which is a critical component in various industries. The SRM will support the production of cement, concrete, and iron steel.
John Corbett, a renowned chemist, has been awarded the Spedding Award for his outstanding contributions to inorganic solid-state chemistry and strong metal-metal bonding. He is the third Ames Laboratory researcher to receive this honor.
Jacobson's solid oxide fuel cell research has the potential to improve how electricity is generated, making it less expensive and more environmentally friendly. His goal is to investigate different materials used as components in fuel cells to make reactions work at lower temperatures.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a novel method using ultrasound from a household humidifier to create complex nanocomposite materials. The technique produces porous nanospheres and encapsulated nanoparticles with potential applications in catalytic reactions, drug delivery, and molecular sieves.
The Cornell Institute for Fuel Cell Development aims to create more efficient and affordable fuel cells by discovering new materials, potentially using alternative fuels like methanol and ethanol. Researchers hope to find compounds that can overcome the limitations of current fuel cell technology.
Researchers have developed a new hybrid material with superior insulating properties, which could help address the performance limitations of smaller chip components. The material, called three-ring periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO), is a porous solid that combines organic and inorganic parts to create a stable molecular assembly.
Scientists at Penn State University have created a novel method for synthesizing cage-like silica structures by combining different templates and heating them in a microwave oven. This innovative approach produces larger particles with improved stability and reduced synthesis time compared to previous methods.
Researchers have developed a new material combining buckyballs with polyurethane to improve information processing in fibre-optic networks. The material interacts with light particles 10-100 times more strongly than previous C60-based materials, enabling faster and more efficient data transmission.
Germanium nanoclusters can now be coated with polymers, making them stable enough to be processed as plastics. This innovation expands the possible uses of semiconductor nanoparticles, including potential applications in displays and tiny building blocks.
Scott Oliver has been awarded a $500,000 NSF career grant to develop a new class of cationic microporous inorganic materials with unprecedented potential applications. These materials can trap anionic pollutants and are stable under high temperatures or acidic/basic conditions.
Researchers found that association constants, a crucial factor in supramolecular chemistry, are often determined with faulty measures. They developed new equations to calculate Ka when ion-pairing is different and showed that this has significant implications for creating functional materials.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a non-toxic paint that effectively prevents marine fouling by creating a self-cleaning surface. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials, tested by the ONR and other collaborators, deny bacteria a compatible surface to grow on, reducing fouling.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a new technique to process the difficult-to-process solid-state fluorescent material Alq3 using a universal polymer backbone, allowing for the production of inexpensive OLED devices. The new material demonstrates potential for color tuning and physical flexibility.
Researchers from Virginia Tech have made a significant breakthrough in fuel cell technology by developing an industrially available starting material for manufacturing proton exchange membranes. The starting material, derived from new copolymers, enables the mass production of fuel cells on an industrial scale.
Dalton's research team has developed new theory about the chemical behavior of solids, leading to innovative materials with effortless conversion capabilities. These materials have applications in intelligent sensors, remote monitoring, and medical diagnosis, as well as routing information on mobile military platforms.
A Rutgers University chemist has developed innovative solid-state materials with broad applications, including sensors. Her research also addresses critical manufacturing needs, such as humidity control.
Researchers have developed computer models to predict the effects of atomic disorder on piezoelectric properties, leading to improved performance. The work paves the way for designing lead-free piezoelectric materials with enhanced properties.
Researchers have successfully synthesized clusters of fluorine-containing dendritic polymers that organize into tiny supramolecular cylinders. These nanocylinders display promising optoelectronic properties and can be used as donor- or acceptor groups, enabling the creation of novel electronic devices.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have created a new class of materials that can bind water faster and more strongly than best drying agents, with a higher capacity for storing water. The material also exhibits shape selectivity, allowing only specific molecules to enter its structure.
DuPont scientists have developed an innovative process for converting hydrocarbons to fluorocarbons without generating waste, producing water as a byproduct. The alternate synthesis process uses principles of inorganic chemistry to produce fluorinated aromatics in environmentally and economically efficient manners.
Researchers develop process that combines high-energy ball-milling with metal alloys, producing stable phosphorus ylides and unsaturated hydrocarbons without solvents. The discovery has significant implications for materials science and chemistry, offering a potential solution to disposal problems and environmental risks.
Researchers at UCR have developed an organic compound that exhibits bistability in all three physical channels: optical, electrical, and magnetic. This multifunctional material has the potential to be used in advanced electronic devices.
Scientists at Purdue University have made breakthroughs in understanding the chemistry of aluminum and sodium compounds in high-level radioactive waste. Their study documents the transformation of liquid to solid waste, shedding light on how to minimize nuclear waste volume and predict leakage.