Articles tagged with Target Proteins
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers discovered that proteins locate genetic information in DNA by sliding down the double helix, like traveling along a screw. This finding validates a recent theory and could lead to new ways to alter DNA-binding protein behavior.
Researchers from Caltech have developed a new method to view the process of adding ubiquitin chains to cell-cycle proteins, revealing that enzymes add ubiquitins one at a time. This discovery could lead to the development of targeted cancer therapies by understanding how ubiquitin ligases work.
A team of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has identified a small molecule that inhibits heat shock protein HSP70, which is overexpressed in tumor cells. The inhibitor, called PES, blocks HSP70's stress-relieving functions and induces cell death by disrupting autophagy.
Scientists at Burnham Institute identified novel cleavage sites for the caspase-3 enzyme, revealing that it targets α-helices as well as unstructured loops. This discovery challenges current dogma and offers new insights into protein signaling pathways.
Biophysicists at TUM develop a new technique to observe calmodulin in action, allowing them to study its binding sequences and regulate its target proteins. The results reveal new insights into the protein's hierarchy of folding and unbinding events.
Researchers have identified MEK4 as a key player in promoting cell invasion in prostate cancer. Genistein, a dietary compound, inhibits MEK4 kinase activity, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for prostate cancer treatment.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) suggests that C-reactive protein, a commonly used marker for coronary heart disease risk, may not cause the disease. Researchers found no association between genetic variations in the gene coding for C-reactive protein and coronary heart disease risk. Ho...
Researchers identified a genetic abnormality, CATSPER1, that may prevent men from conceiving. The gene's mutation affects sperm motility and hyperactivity, leading to potential targets for a pharmacological male contraceptive.
Researchers have developed a new class of cancer drugs that target multiple signaling networks controlled by mitochondrial Hsp90, leading to effective tumor cell death in mice. This combinatorial drug design approach may prove more effective than targeting single signaling pathways.
Scientists at Caltech have discovered self-regulating molecular 'transformers' that control the delivery of proteins to their correct locations within cells. The research could lead to novel treatments for diseases resulting from flaws in protein delivery and the development of new types of antibiotics.
CSIRO's DAC microscopy method measures proteins in solution, allowing accurate dimensions of membrane receptors to be taken. This will help drug companies design more effective pharmaceuticals by understanding the complex structures of these molecules.
A recent study by Oregon Health and Science University and the University of Colorado School of Medicine found that fetal heath is affected by mother's diet, with high-fat diets increasing the risk of developing NAFLD and obesity-related diseases in offspring. Researchers suggest a healthy maternal diet is crucial for preventing these ...
Researchers discovered that nerves connecting to flexor muscles are guided by a protein family called ephrin-B, which is closely related to the previously identified ephrin-A protein. This finding provides insights into how nerves form and could lead to new strategies for treating disorders such as epilepsy and mental retardation.
Scientists at the University of Leeds have created a new method to build molecules with unique structures, which could lead to the discovery of new drugs. The approach uses 'metathesis' reactions and allows for the creation of molecules with diverse shapes, enabling researchers to target specific proteins.
Researchers at Penn State have discovered how a mole develops into melanoma by showing the interaction of two key proteins involved in 60-70 percent of tumors. Targeting these proteins is necessary for effective drugs to treat melanoma, and personalized cancer treatment could be more effective with fewer side effects.
Researchers have identified 19 proteins and enzymes targeted by nitric oxide in Kalanchoe pinnata, affecting seed germination, photosynthesis, sugar metabolism and disease resistance.
A team of scientists has identified new non-histone targets for a protein methyltransferase enzyme, expanding our understanding of epigenetic regulation in cells. The discovery broadens the view on methyltransferases and indicates that epigenetic gene regulation is more complex than previously thought.
A €15 million European Commission-funded project, EDICT, brings together leading experts in membrane proteins to find novel treatments for diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. The research aims to map the structure of proteins to identify compounds that could be developed as new treatments.
New DNA vaccine technology targets DCs for enhanced immune response; studies in mice show improved protection against viruses and potential applications for cystic fibrosis modeling. Genetic manipulation creates large animal models of CF, providing new avenues for disease research.
New DNA vaccine data identified in mice shows increased immune response by targeting HIV protein gp41 to DCs with a single-chain Fv antibody. This approach induced stronger T cell responses and protected mice from the virus more efficiently than current DNA vaccines.
Researchers have identified a protein, NALP5, that plays a crucial role in autoimmune disorders such as APS-1. The discovery provides new insights into the first phase of autoimmune responses and opens up possibilities for developing treatments.
Researchers found common properties among successful drugs, including high precision, specific connectivity, and tissue specificity. These characteristics can help pharmaceutical companies select promising targets and reduce the cost of drug development.
A team of researchers has discovered a means of inhibiting Entamoeba histolytica, a parasite that causes colitis and kills nearly 100,000 people each year. By targeting a protein called PATMK, the study successfully prevented the parasite from eating dead cells.
A team of researchers found that SENP1 regulates the entire hypoxic response and plays a role in other kinds of cancers. Inhibiting SENP1 might be one way to turn off tumor growth by cutting off a protein's ability to build new blood vessels.
Scientists at The Wistar Institute have solved the three-dimensional structure of a molecular complex of pRb and E1A, revealing how the viral protein disrupts normal cell growth. This discovery sheds light on related mechanisms used by other viruses to trigger cancers.
Researchers have solved the first high-resolution structure of the mammalian HSP90 protein, GRP94, which is implicated in immune diseases such as sepsis, AIDS, and certain cancers. This breakthrough provides new insights into the function and activity patterns of this protein, paving the way for the design of targeted therapies.
A study published in EMBO reports reveals that AKAP18, a crucial regulator of protein kinase A, may help the heart beat faster in response to adrenaline or noradrenaline. This could lead to improved survival rates for patients with heart failure and heritable heart disease.
Scientists at University of Pennsylvania discover technique to apply physical stress to cells, unfolding proteins and revealing novel targets for treating diseases. This breakthrough has potential applications in various fields, including cancer research and regenerative medicine.
A study published in PNAS reveals that deactivating the protein cyclophilin D can protect nerve fibers in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Researchers hope to develop drugs that target this protein to treat the progressive form of MS, which affects half of all patients.
Scientists have identified a protein that excretes ammonia through pufferfish gills as similar to human Rh blood proteins, offering hope for people with liver and kidney disease. Targeting Rh proteins could lead to new treatments for removing toxic ammonia from the bloodstream.
A collaboration of international calculation grids analyzed nearly 80,000 potential malaria medicines per hour over 10 weeks, significantly speeding up the selection process. This approach also has implications for treating other tropical diseases and can substantially reduce the cost of developing new medicines.
Researchers at NYU and Scripps have identified a new enzyme GAPDH that regulates insulin pathways, providing a promising direction for treating diabetes. The discovery of GAPDS, an inhibitor of GAPDH, attenuates diabetic symptoms in model animals, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
A novel protein, RegIIIgamma, is produced by the intestinal lining to target and destroy bacterial invaders, offering insights into how the intestine maintains friendly relations with symbiotic microbes. The discovery may lead to new treatments for inflammatory bowel disease and improved understanding of probiotics.
Researchers have developed a new technique called biochemical suppression to identify protein targets for small molecule inhibitors. This method allows for rapid identification of multiple components of complex biological systems, such as cancer cell spread.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have made a breakthrough in understanding gene regulation by opening the O-box, a previously inaccessible region of genes. This discovery has significant implications for the development of new therapies and treatments.
Dartmouth Medical School researchers have identified the enzymatic activity of Aprataxin, a gene associated with an early onset hereditary neurological disorder. This discovery may lead to improved treatment strategies for ataxia-oculomotor apraxia 1 by targeting specific protein substrates.
In archaea, a specialized enzyme uses RNA as a guide to pseudouridylate specific RNA molecules. This modification impacts the stability, localization, and translation efficiency of target RNAs.
Scientists at Rockefeller University have discovered a key event in the maturation of sperm that is extremely sensitive and could be targeted to improve fertility or develop a male contraceptive. The research found that mice missing a gene called Septin 4 are sterile, with sperm defects similar to human conditions like 'droplet sperm',
Researchers at ACS meeting highlight progress in nanotechnology for diagnostic tests, electronics and environment. New approaches to nomenclature and green chemistry are also explored.
Histatin binds to TRK1p membrane protein, regulating potassium ion flow and killing fungal cells by preventing ion regulation. The finding paves the way for developing a more effective Candidiasis drug.
A new tool developed by Carnegie Mellon University enables location proteomics by classifying and relating proteins inside cells. The tool outperforms existing methods using standardized features and automates clustering of proteins, allowing for fast and objective analysis.
Autoantibodies disrupt calcium ion fluctuations, leading to toxic build-up and cell death in heart cells. Researchers are searching for the binding target of these antibodies to develop a new way to identify women at risk for congenital heart block.
Scientists have identified a key mechanism by which botulinum neurotoxin recognizes and attacks specific nerve cell proteins. The discovery reveals an extensive interaction between the toxin and its target, known as exosites, enabling high specificity.
Researchers at U-M used a technology called ubiquitin-mediated fluorescence complementation to study a cell-signaling mechanism. They discovered how ubiquitin modified protein Jun's function and location, and found that an E3 ligase binding enzyme called Itch played a key role in this process.
Researchers successfully targeted the key HIV protein Nef using small molecules, disrupting its interaction with other proteins. This breakthrough may lead to new drug therapies with improved treatment options.
Chemical genetics was used to identify novel small-molecule inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus. The study revealed four compounds that effectively inhibited the replication of the virus, providing new hope for the treatment of SARS.
Researchers identified human VPS37 proteins as crucial in HIV-1 budding and protein sorting. The discovery could lead to the development of drugs targeting these proteins to prevent infection spread. Human VPS28 was also found to bind to TSG101, essential for HIV-1 replication.
In a breakthrough study, Johns Hopkins scientists identified that nerve cells use target-derived cues and proteins like NGF to guide them to their final targets. The research sheds new light on the complex process of nerve growth and cell targeting during development.
Researchers have developed a genetic code that enables the evolution of synthetic molecules, revolutionizing drug discovery. By creating a library of nonbiological origin compounds, scientists can identify novel drugs and disrupt cellular processes.
Researchers developed a colorimetric detection capability for Nanosphere's nanoparticle-based molecular detection systems, improving the identification of genomic DNA, RNA, and protein targets. The new technology enables sensitive and specific detection without amplification procedures.
Researchers identified cypin, a protein in the brain that regulates nerve cell branching, and found it increases dendrite growth enhancing communication. The discovery opens up new avenues for treating serious neurological disorders by designing targeted drug therapies.
A new compound has been found to selectively kill cancerous cells while leaving healthy white blood cells intact. The compound, called 13-D, induces apoptosis in cancer cells by activating caspase-3 and causing cell shrinkage, a desirable outcome as it reduces the risk of side effects.
Researchers have developed a new technique called CLIP, which helps identify target RNAs regulated by RNA-binding proteins like Nova. This technique has potential to aid in understanding the cause of many human diseases, including Fragile X syndrome.
Researchers have created a new method that could detect diseases at earlier stages than possible now, using protein targets like PSA. The method is a million times more sensitive than conventional methods and has the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnostics and treatment.
Researchers discovered that RING Finger proteins play a crucial role in targeting cellular molecules for proteolysis during the cell cycle. This process is essential for regulating cell growth and preventing cancer. The study provides new insights into how cells recognize which proteins to eliminate and when.
The study reveals the structure of edema factor, a toxin that causes fluid accumulation and disrupts immune function. The researchers found that calmodulin binds to edema factor, changing its shape and making it more potent, providing an ideal drug target for developing anti-anthrax drugs.
The Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize recognizes the groundbreaking work of Dr. Avram Hershko and Dr. Alexander Varshavsky on the ubiquitin system, which regulates protein balance in cells. Their research has far-reaching implications for understanding cellular processes and diseases like cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
Researchers at Northwestern University determine the molecular structure of a metallochaperone (CCS) bound to its target protein (SOD), providing new insight into a metal transfer mechanism and shedding light on diseases related to copper and oxidative stress.