Articles tagged with Oceans
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The Suomi NPP satellite captured an image of Typhoon Lan with a well-formed, circular eye surrounded by powerful thunderstorms. The storm had maximum sustained winds near 100 knots and is forecast to make landfall south of Tokyo as a typhoon on Oct. 22.
A new tropical depression has formed in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, hours after a neighboring system dissipated. The storm is currently disorganized and moving northwest towards Guam, with maximum sustained winds near 35 knots.
Researchers found over 100 air samples from tropical and subtropical regions revealing an average of 67,000 prokaryotes per cubic meter of sampled air over the oceans compared to 190,000 bacteria per cubic meter of air over land.
Tropical Storm Ophelia was observed as a comma-like shape in NASA's infrared imagery, with cold cloud tops reaching -63°C. The storm is moving eastward at 3 mph and is expected to strengthen into a hurricane within the next 12 hours.
Tropical Storm Ophelia developed on Oct. 9, strengthening into a tropical storm with strong thunderstorms and an eye-like feature. NASA forecasts gradual strengthening over the next 48 hours, with Ophelia expected to become a hurricane by Thursday.
W. Stanley Wilson, founder of NASA's Oceanography from Space Program and organizer of the international coalition supporting the Argo observing system, is recognized for his key role in these initiatives. He will be formally recognized on February 13, 2018, during a ceremony at the Ocean Sciences Meeting.
Scientists discovered that plastic marine debris was transporting non-native species from Japan to North America and Hawaii after the 2011 tsunami. This phenomenon suggests a significant increase in the role of marine debris as a vector for invasive species due to climate change and coastal urbanization.
A study by MIT professor Daniel Rothman suggests that a sixth mass extinction may occur if the world's oceans hold enough carbon to destabilize the system. By 2100, human activities are estimated to add about 310 gigatons of carbon to the oceans, potentially tipping the planet into unknown territory.
Researchers found that changes in the Earth's crust led to the accumulation of oxygen in the atmosphere around 2.4 billion years ago. This period, known as the Great Oxidation Event, paved the way for the evolution of complex life on Earth.
Tropical Depression 15E is experiencing vertical wind shear due to the GOES-West satellite's observations. The National Hurricane Center expects no change in strength, but a chance for it to become a tropical storm in the coming days.
Hurricane Jose is experiencing vertical wind shear, weakening its circulation and causing asymmetry in its clouds. The strongest rainfall is occurring southeast of the center, with rates near 50 mm per hour.
Typhoon Talim's satellite imagery revealed a large tail-like structure extending from its center to the southeast. The storm was moving west-northwest with maximum sustained winds near 65 knots, intensification expected as it approaches Taiwan.
NASA's Terra satellite passed over Hurricane Jose, capturing a visible-light image of its well-defined eye. The eye has become slightly more asymmetric, with northeastward elongation of the cirrus canopy indicating increasing southwesterly shear.
Typhoon Sanvu developed a massive eye, approximately 28 nautical miles wide, as observed by NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite. The storm strengthened to maximum sustained winds near 86 mph, forecast to reach 103 mph before weakening.
Tropical Storm Irma is steadily strengthening and nearing hurricane strength, with maximum sustained winds reaching near 70 mph and a central pressure of 997 millibars. Satellite imagery shows the storm becoming better organized with a developing central dense overcast.
Tropical Depression Thirteen-E formed on Aug 18 near latitude 14.8 North, longitude 116.5 West. The depression is expected to strengthen and reach hurricane strength by the end of the weekend, with maximum sustained winds near 35 mph.
A new study suggests that a tiny fraction of oceans, approximately 0.025 percent, could satisfy the world's fish demand through sustainable aquaculture. The research identifies tropical countries with high production potential, where food security issues are prevalent, as key areas for development.
A study by UCSB marine scientists reveals the world's oceans have sufficient space to produce 15 billion metric tons of finfish annually, meeting global demand using less than 1% of ocean surface. Aquaculture could support human livelihoods and economic growth while providing food security.
Typhoon Banyan formed from Tropical Depression 14W and maintained its status with maximum sustained winds near 80 knots. The storm is forecast to intensify and turn north-northeast before becoming extratropical.
Researchers discovered a new species of brittle star, Teleosaster creasyi, preserved in a 275-million-year-old fossilized meadow in Western Australia. The species shows evidence of evolution before the Permian-Triassic extinction event, which wiped out over 90% of marine life.
Tropical Storm Franklin formed in the Caribbean Sea on August 6 and is expected to make landfall in Mexico. The storm's maximum sustained winds are near 60 mph with higher gusts, and it could reach hurricane strength before landfall.
Typhoon Noru made landfall in Wakayama, Japan, with sustained winds near 75 mph, forcing warnings throughout central Japan. The storm is forecast to pass west of Tokyo and re-emerge over the Pacific Ocean by August 9.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured an image of extra-tropical storm Nalgae near the Kuril Islands, indicating a transition from tropical to non-tropical characteristics. The storm was moving north-northwest at 20 mph with maximum sustained winds down to 28.7 mph.
Tropical Storm Nalgae continues to face vertical wind shear, pushing strongest thunderstorms north of the low-level circulation center. The storm is forecast to continue moving northwest before potentially intensifying to 52 mph.
The 11th Eastern Pacific hurricane season tropical depression formed on August 4 despite being affected by wind shear. GOES-West and GOES-16 satellites captured images showing a low-pressure area with a well-defined center, indicating the storm's strength.
Typhoon Noru formed on July 21 and has been tracked by NASA's Aqua satellite since August 2. The storm is currently located near 25.9 degrees north latitude and 135.9 degrees east longitude, moving northwest at 6 knots with maximum sustained winds of 100 knots.
A team of researchers found that the Kangaroo Island trapdoor spider belongs to a genus only found in South Africa, but migrated to Australia across the Indian Ocean. The study suggests that the spiders used land 'rafts' to cross the ocean, rewriting the history of arachnid dispersal.
Research reveals 'bodysnatchers' of the ocean, mixotrophs that enslave prey to acquire photosynthetic capability, have a significant impact on the food-web. These single-celled organisms support fisheries while others can be highly toxic.
Typhoon Noru has a large, stormy eye filled with high clouds. The satellite data showed strong convective banding and maximum sustained winds near 90 knots.
Tropical Depression Emily consolidated along the central west coast of Florida on July 31 before tracking east into the Western North Atlantic Ocean. The storm's circulation has become elongated, with limited convection near the center due to dry mid-level air, and is expected to turn toward the northeast later in August.
Tropical Depression 13W forms in Northwestern Pacific with maximum sustained winds near 30 knots, centered near 25.4 degrees north latitude and 164.1 degrees east longitude. The storm is expected to intensify to tropical storm status before becoming extra-tropical.
Researchers found that two more degrees of warming are already committed to by past emissions, regardless of current efforts. Even if all fossil fuel emissions stopped, warming would still reach about 2.3 degrees Fahrenheit by 2100.
Tropical Depression 12W forms near Philippines as Typhoon Noru moves north; storm to make landfall in southeastern China on July 30. NASA's Aqua satellite captures visible image of powerful thunderstorms surrounding the center of circulation.
Typhoon Noru is forecast to intensify as it tracks over increasingly warm sea surface temperatures and a point source develops over the system. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center noted that the storm's maximum sustained winds were near 65 knots (75 mph/120 kph) on July 28.
Typhoon Noru has a 10 mile-wide eye, surrounded by powerful thunderstorms, according to NASA's Aqua satellite imagery captured on July 27. The typhoon is expected to maintain its status over several days, with its eye close to Japan's Iwo To island by July 31.
A new extinct bird species, Pyrrhula crassa, has been discovered on Graciosa Island in the Azores archipelago. The species went extinct due to human colonization and introduction of invasive species. Its unique beak morphology suggests it was a large bullfinch species.
Tropical Depression Kulap is weakening due to strong wind shear caused by nearby Typhoon Noru. The NASA Terra satellite captured an image of the storm on July 13, showing a swirl of clouds around its center after wind shear pushed clouds away from it.
NASA closely monitored Hurricane Hilary's development, noting its compact nature with winds extending 15 miles from the center. The storm was forecast to move westward at 13 mph, with some slowing down over the next couple of days.
NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captured a visible light image of hurricane Irwin on July 25, showing an elongated band of thunderstorms around its circulation. By July 26, the cloud pattern had significantly deteriorated, with Irwin consisting of a tight circulation center surrounded by deep convection.
Tropical Depression Kulap is a waning storm moving west-southwest at 12.6 mph, affected by dry air and northerly wind shear. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center predicts the storm to dissipate late on July 26.
Typhoon Noru rages near Minami Tori Shima Atoll, with sustained winds of 92 mph and powerful thunderstorms. The storm is forecast to approach Japan's Iwo To island by July 29.
Tropical Depression 09E formed off Mexico's southern coast, with NOAA's GOES-East satellite capturing its image on July 21. The depression is moving westward at 14 mph, with a high probability of strengthening into a tropical storm within the next two days.
Tropical Storm Noru formed on July 21 near 28.0 degrees north latitude and 154.7 degrees east longitude, with maximum sustained winds near 40 mph. The system is expected to move west then become quasi-stationary over the next couple of days due to warm sea surface temperatures.
The 9th tropical depression of the Northwestern Pacific Ocean has formed and developed into a tropical storm, Tropical Storm Kulap. Located near 28.4 degrees north latitude and 177.7 degrees east longitude, Kulap is moving northwest at 19.5 mph with maximum sustained winds near 40 mph.
Tropical Storm Greg is one of three cyclones in the Eastern Pacific, located near 14.3 degrees north latitude and 111.0 degrees west longitude, about 550 miles southwest of Manzanillo, Mexico. As of July 19, its maximum sustained winds were near 45 mph with higher gusts, and it's forecast to gradually strengthen over the next 48 hours.
Hurricane Fernanda's maximum sustained winds reached 100 mph, with further strengthening anticipated in the next 48 hours. The storm is moving westward at 12 mph and is expected to become a major hurricane today.
Tropical Storm Fernanda is strengthening as it moves west through the Eastern Pacific Ocean, nearing hurricane strength. The National Hurricane Center predicts significant strengthening over the next 48 hours, with Fernanda expected to become a hurricane later today.
Tropical Depression 6E formed near southwestern Mexico on July 11, strengthening into Tropical Storm Fernanda within six hours. The storm showed cloud top temperatures as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating towering thunderstorms and heavy rainfall potential.
NASA satellite imagery revealed Tropical Depression 4 is losing its punch, moving into a relatively dry environment. The National Hurricane Center expects the storm to degenerate into a remnant low pressure area tonight.
Tropical Depression Nanmadol transitioned into an extra-tropical storm, losing tropical characteristics. The remnants were captured by NASA's Aqua satellite on July 5, showing a cold core system with clouds and thunderstorms pushed east of the center.
A new study analyzing multiple ocean datasets reveals that the oceans are robustly warming, regardless of data used. The heat redistribution among global oceans experienced a significant shift over several decades.
Hurricane Dora formed on June 25 as a tropical storm and strengthened into the first hurricane of the season by June 26. The storm is currently located near latitude 16.7 degrees North and longitude 105.3 degrees West, moving towards the west-northwest at 13 mph.
Scientists have long known algae are crucial to human life and ecology, but a new review reveals they hold secrets to biofuels, therapeutic compounds, and climate change resilience. Advances in molecular techniques are unlocking major genetic processes shaping algal evolution.
Santoro's projects aim to engage the public with marine microbes through interactive content and activities. The Deep Sea Memory Project will explore the connection between microbes and ocean memory, potentially revealing insights into climate change and environmental records.
A new paper aims to establish a global standard for social responsibility in the seafood sector by focusing on human rights violations and improving food and livelihood security. The initiative calls for governments, businesses, and nonprofits to work together to address these social challenges.
A study by the University of British Columbia found that only 16% of global fisheries subsidies went to small-scale fishing, despite employing over 22 million people and supporting food security. Large-scale fisheries receive 60% of subsidies promoting overfishing due to fuel-efficient technology and port development subsidies.
Tropical Depression Two-E forms near southwestern Mexico, with maximum sustained winds of 30mph and higher gusts. The depression is expected to strengthen during the next 48 hours and become a tropical storm on June 1.
Researchers discover that cultured picocyanobacteria, such as Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus, release fluorescent components that closely match the typical signals found in oceanic environments. This finding sheds light on the origin of colored dissolved organic matter in the deep ocean.
A new study reveals that a specific type of deep-sea bacteria, SAR202, plays a crucial role in breaking down 'recalcitrant' forms of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the ocean. This process helps to sequester massive amounts of carbon, which can persist for thousands of years.
Scientists have identified the source of unexpected flashes of light reflecting off Earth's surface captured by NASA's EPIC camera. High-altitude ice crystals are the cause of these glints, which were previously thought to be limited to water on land or oceans.