Research on the ocean's chemistry and ice. Covers ocean carbon capture, forever chemicals in sea spray, Antarctic change, and sea-ice clouds.
Researchers found daily rhythms in metabolism among microbial communities in different ocean habitats, with common photoautotrophs initiating a cascade effect. This work suggests that microbial communities behave similarly across entire ocean basins.
Scientists confirm an underground saltwater ocean on Ganymede, estimated to be 60 miles thick and buried under a 95-mile crust of ice. This discovery could open up possibilities for life beyond Earth and is made possible by the unique capabilities of NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.
A new study by a team of Cassini mission scientists led by the University of Colorado Boulder has found evidence of hydrothermal activity on Enceladus, a Saturn moon with remarkable geologic activity. The tiny grains of rock detected near Saturn imply that seawater infiltrates and reacts with a rocky crust, emerging as a heated, minera...
Researchers at CU-Boulder propose that water trapped deep below Earth's crust may have flooded the lower crust, creating buoyancy and lift, which could explain the region's high elevation. This mechanism is supported by past seismic studies showing a correlation between crustal thickness/density and elevation.
Scientists have estimated that Mars once had a massive ocean covering 19% of its surface, which would have made the planet habitable for longer. The new research uses detailed observations of water in Mars' atmosphere to determine the amount of water lost over time.
Scientists at the University of Southampton found that ocean tides have increased by 1-2 mm per year globally, with some sites experiencing changes comparable to global mean sea level rise. This has significant implications for energy extraction, coastal flooding and erosion, navigation and sediment movement.
Researchers study ionosphere irregularities to improve GPS communications and investigate nutrient upwelling in the Salish Sea. The study reveals that estuary-enhanced upwelling in the Strait of Juan de Fuca is a critical source of nitrogen, driving enhanced upwelling and influencing marine life.
A study by Alfred Wegener Institute finds that ocean acidification negatively impacts diatom growth in the Southern Ocean, particularly under changing light conditions. Diatoms' biomass production could be drastically reduced in future scenarios with more acidic water.
A team of researchers found that sea levels rose by an average of four inches along the Northeast Coast from New York to Newfoundland, causing flooding independent of hurricanes or winter storms. The extreme increase was linked to changes in ocean circulation and the North Atlantic Oscillation.
A report suggests global warming will increase ocean upwelling in several systems, enhancing marine productivity and fisheries. However, a thicker, warmer top layer may reduce upwelling's ability to energize coastal ecosystems, posing a significant threat to global fisheries and marine biodiversity.
A $2.5 million NSF grant will support the five-year Agulhas System Climate Array project, which aims to monitor changes in the ocean's circulation due to climate change. The research will focus on the physical characteristics of the Agulhas Current and its role in global climate variability.
TRMM and GPM satellites calculated moderate to high rainfall rates of over 35.5 mm southwest of Typhoon Higos' center. The storm was weakening due to decreasing ocean heat and dry air, forecasted to dissipate by Feb. 13.
Researchers estimate that only one-fifth of terrestrial rainfall enters the ocean through overland channels, while a vast amount flows directly from the ocean. A subterranean estuary, which Moore has termed, plays a crucial role in exchanging water and nutrients between the ocean and land.
A massive celestial object impacted Mars, generating a magma ocean that solidified into the mountainous highlands of the southern hemisphere. This event, occurring around 4-15 million years after Mars' formation, is believed to have triggered volcanic activity and changed the planet's magnetic field.
Scientists have made new discoveries about Antarctica's geology and biology using a hot-water drill and an underwater robotic vehicle. The expedition uncovered a unique ecosystem of fish and invertebrates living in an estuary deep beneath the Antarctic ice.
Tropical Cyclone Bansi reached a Category 4 status, stirring up ocean sediment around the Cargados Carajos Shoals. NASA's Aqua satellite captured images of the sediment on January 19, showcasing the storm's powerful winds.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have successfully observed the interaction of exactly two atoms in a light cage, contradicting the assumption that two atoms would behave differently from a single atom. The experiment reveals that backaction suppresses high light waves, limiting the emergence of photons.
Researchers have discovered new microbes beneath the ocean crust that breathe sulfate, breaking down organic material and producing carbon dioxide. These microbes play a vital role in the global carbon cycle, which is being disrupted by human-made carbon dioxide emissions.
Researcher Mary Grossmann used an underwater observatory to study plankton during typhoons, finding consistent migratory habits despite turbulent waters. The study reveals surprising patterns, including some species avoiding high-turbidity waters and others continuing to feed at night.
Research suggests that super-Earths can maintain oceans for at least 10 billion years due to a planet-wide recycling process. This finding implies that older super-Earths are more suitable for searching for complex life.
Researchers at Ohio State University propose that the Earth's mantle contains entire oceans of water, which are continuously cycled to the surface via plate tectonics. This process could have supplied water to the oceans for billions of years, making Earth habitable.
A team of scientists has mapped the location of ancient, hydrogen-rich waters found trapped kilometres beneath Earth's surface in rock fractures in Canada, South Africa and Scandinavia. These findings have significant implications for the search for deep microbial life, with potential applications in astrobiology.
Research from the University of Washington suggests that warmer ocean water is melting frozen methane deposits on the seafloor, releasing massive amounts of methane into the environment. The study estimates that up to 4 million metric tons of methane are released annually off the coast of Washington.
New research finds Antarctic seawater temperatures are rising, causing accelerated glacial melting and potential sea-level rise. The study also reveals that warmer waters could impact ocean biodiversity.
Scientists observe rising water temperatures on the West Antarctic shelf, accelerating glacial melting and potentially increasing global sea levels. The warming trend is linked to changes in wind systems over the southern hemisphere and may have significant environmental implications for the region.
Climate change has buffered against measures to protect the Baltic Sea, despite efforts to reduce eutrophication. The Boknis Eck time series station data shows that nutrient concentrations have decreased since the 1980s, but oxygen levels remain low due to rising seawater temperatures.
Tropical Depression 21W strengthens into Tropical Storm Sinlaku in the South China Sea, with NASA's Aqua satellite capturing an elongated image. Forecasters predict maximum sustained winds of up to 60 knots (69.0 mph/111.1 kph) before weakening.
A team of researchers used state-of-the-art computer models to examine the influence of atmospheric carbon dioxide, ice sheet melting and changes in Earth's orbit on El Nino over the last 21,000 years. The study found that El Nino has intensified over the past 6,000 years, with feedbacks between ocean and atmosphere growing stronger.
Researchers developed new way to measure how CO2 acidifies oceans, affecting marine ecosystems. A 5,000 km long survey revealed calcification rates of coral reefs and open sea plankton in the Red Sea, providing crucial baseline conditions for tracking environmental changes.
A genomic analysis of a newly discovered virus prevalent in symptomatic sea stars has linked Sea Star Associated Densovirus to the devastating wasting disease, potentially triggering an unprecedented ecological upheaval. The research lays the groundwork for understanding how the virus kills sea stars and what triggers outbreaks.
Researchers identify genes and networks that enable tiny Atlantic killifish to alter their body form in response to environmental changes, providing insight into phenotypic plasticity. The study's findings have substantial implications for understanding molecular evolution and its applications in climate change, medicine, and regenerat...
Researchers used robotic ocean gliders to study the transport of warm water near the Antarctic coast, discovering that swirling ocean eddies play a key role in this process. The findings will aid in determining how rapidly ice is melting and contributing to rising ocean levels.
NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captured a ghostly-white image of Tropical Depression Nuri on October 31. The storm has high thunderstorms with cold cloud top temperatures and is expected to curve northwest before turning northeast over the next couple of days.
Tropical Storm Vance strengthened overnight and was named on Oct. 30, with its center exhibiting strong thunderstorms in a false-colored infrared image that resembles a pumpkin, NASA's Terra satellite captured the unusual sight. The storm is expected to strengthen gradually and potentially become a hurricane in 2 to 3 days.
Carter Abney has developed a new method to extract uranium from seawater using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which could provide a sustainable energy source. The technology also has implications for reducing radioactive waste by removing minor actinides, extending nuclear power capabilities.
Researchers found that warm oceans had significantly lower oxygen levels during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, leading to widespread deoxygenation. This discovery could help scientists better understand climate change impacts on marine life.
Numerous fires have been burning in Ukraine, likely caused by agricultural practices. Farmers use fire to clear land and return nutrients to the soil.
Researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute have calculated a worst-case scenario for sea level rise, predicting a maximum of 1.8 meters by the end of this century. The study combines IPCC estimates with expert community data, indicating a likelihood of less than 5% for sea levels exceeding 180cm.
Climate change is projected to drive large-scale shifts in fish populations, with some species moving away from their current habitats at a rate of up to 26 kilometers per decade. This could lead to significant losses in tropical regions, including the loss of important fisheries and communities that rely on fish for food and nutrition.
Tropical Storm Kammuri is transitioning into an extra-tropical storm, characterized by a cold core and elongated strong storms moving from southwest to northeast. The storm's maximum sustained winds were near 45 knots on Sept. 29, and it is expected to continue weakening over the open ocean.
Numerous agricultural fires are burning in Eastern Europe, primarily in Ukraine. These fires were likely intentionally set to manage land and return nutrients to the soil, but also produce smoke that degrades air quality.
New study suggests that early Earth's crust was cool enough for surface water to form during some periods, challenging the long-held idea of a hostile environment. The research compared zircon crystals from Iceland with those formed over 4 billion years ago and found similarities in their compositions.
Researchers found that water temperatures in the Florida Keys have increased by nearly 2 degrees Fahrenheit over the past few decades, stressing corals and causing more frequent bleaching events. The study indicates that August is the peak month for ocean temperatures, which can lead to coral mortality if prolonged.
A new study suggests that sharks' ability to sense the smell of food may be impaired by rising atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Adult sharks avoided squid odor after swimming in a pool of water treated with carbon dioxide concentrations consistent with climate forecasts for midcentury and 2100.
A new study reveals that the sea-level around Antarctica's coast has risen by 2cm more than the global average of 6cm due to fresh water from melting glaciers. This excess freshwater reduces ocean salinity and is corroborated by ship-based studies.
Researchers from McGill and Utrecht University outline six strategies to reduce water stress, including improving irrigation techniques, increasing water-recycling facilities, and limiting population growth. By applying these strategies simultaneously, significant reductions in water-stressed populations are possible by 2050.
Malassezia fungi, linked to human skin conditions, have been found across multiple environments including Hawaiian coral reefs, arctic soils, and deep sea vents. They dominate certain marine ecosystems and are also found in marine mammals and fish, suggesting a broader ecological significance.
Reconstruction of sea ice changes in the Fram Strait reveals that Arctic sea ice cover decline led to significant weakening of the Gulf Stream. This change had a direct impact on European climate, with cooling occurring twice in the past 30,000 years.
Certain sunblock ingredients, like titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles, can become toxic when washed off skin into ocean water. This toxicity affects phytoplankton, the microscopic algae that feed small fish and other marine animals.
Researchers at MIT developed a model to evaluate the performance of large PRO systems, finding that membrane size affects power generation. The team found that up to 95% of maximum power output can be generated using half or less of the maximum membrane area, reducing upfront costs.
A new study reveals that marine crocodilian diversity is closely tied to sea temperature, with colonisation events occurring during global warming periods. The research suggests that environmental temperatures constrained the evolution and lifestyle of modern crocodilians.
Hurricane Julio is moving north-northwest towards Hawaii, expected to weaken due to vertical wind shear. Two tropical lows are also developing in the Central Pacific Ocean, with low chances of formation.
Tropical Storm Julio is weakening as it moves through cooler Central Pacific Ocean waters, with most clouds and precipitation pushed north of the center. The storm is expected to gradually turn north before turning into a depression by August 14, according to NOAA's CPHC.
Researchers found five lineaments at a depth of 1,200 meters on the Hovgaard Ridge, providing insights into the Arctic's glacial past and freshwater export to the North Atlantic. The discovery supports a hypothesis that large icebergs carried frozen fresh water into the Atlantic, influencing global circulation patterns.
Researchers found that ocean oxygen increased from 1950 to 1990, contrary to conventional wisdom, due to weaker trade winds. Now, climate change may cause the tropical anoxic zone to shrink as trade wind speed decreases.
Research suggests climate change could reduce the size of extreme low-oxygen waters in the ocean. As trade winds weaken, nutrient-rich water percolates up from the deep sea, supporting marine life and oxygen levels.
Researchers estimate mercury levels in global ocean, separating natural and human sources for the first time. The study found that ocean waters shallower than 100m have tripled in mercury concentration since the Industrial Revolution.
Tropical Storm Julio is part of a heated Eastern Pacific, with warmer waters contributing to its development. The storm's trajectory and potential impact on Hawaii are being closely monitored by forecasters.
Researchers have measured massive waves of up to 5 meters high in the Arctic Ocean, attributed to high winds and increased open water. This phenomenon could disrupt shipping operations and exacerbate coastal erosion as the region continues to warm.
A team of researchers, led by NSU's Alex Soloviev, used computational fluid dynamics and experiments to simulate the air-sea interface under hurricane force winds. They found that changes in microphysics can make a storm grow or weaken in intensity, with some hurricanes rapidly intensifying to Category 3.