Articles tagged with Composite Materials
Engineered living materials use living cells as scaffolds to create composite materials with unprecedented control and versatility. The team engineered a bacterium to attach nanomaterials to its cell surface, creating stable hybrid living materials with emergent properties.
A new dental filling material made with thiourethane could significantly extend its lifespan, reducing the need for frequent fillings and related complications. The material has been shown to be two times more resistant to breakage than standard fillings.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new imaging technique that can observe the effects of strain at the single-molecule level, allowing for better design of composite materials. The technique uses super-resolution optical microscopy to track the alignment of molecules in response to applied force.
Scientists at NUST MISIS have developed composite materials for aircraft brakes using carbon fabrics, demonstrating better resistance to crack propagation than existing materials. These advancements aim to improve the reliability and safety of aircraft operation while reducing maintenance costs.
Researchers at Rice University have developed composites of laser-induced graphene that can be used for wearable electronics, heat therapy, water treatment, anti-icing, and antimicrobial surfaces. The new composites were created by infusing LIG with materials like plastic, rubber, and wood, and show improved mechanical robustness.
Researchers at USC developed a new 3D-printed rubber material that can repair itself after damage, reducing manufacturing time and increasing product durability. The material was manufactured using photopolymerization and exhibits self-healing properties through the transformation of chemical groups.
Researchers at the University of Illinois gained control over soft-molecule synthesis, enabling them to probe how shape, size, and composition influence function in soft materials. This breakthrough could lead to advances in virology, drug delivery development, and new material creation.
Researchers at ORNL created a lignin-nylon composite with improved printability and mechanical properties. The combination of lignin and nylon appears to have a lubrication or plasticizing effect on the composite, increasing room temperature stiffness while decreasing melt viscosity.
A new study at Northwestern University has developed a revolutionary tool to rapidly test millions of nanoparticles for specific applications. The novel approach utilizes a combinatorial library, or megalibrary, of nanoparticles and an in situ Raman spectroscopy-based screening technique to identify optimal compositions.
Researchers from NUST MISIS have developed a new method for producing bulk MAX-phases, which exhibit the properties of both metals and ceramics. The proposed approach allows for quick synthesis in one stage, resulting in high-density materials suitable for high-temperature applications.
Researchers developed a biodegradable and renewable composite material from date palm fibre biomass, showing increased tensile strength and improved impact resistance. The material has the potential to reduce fuel consumption and C0<sub>2</sub> emissions in vehicles.
The special issue explores composite materials' potential for sustainable applications, including biodegradable composites for packaging and recycling of plastic waste.
Researchers have created a new class of electronic materials that combine protein nanowires with polymers, offering improved biocompatibility, stability, and sensing capabilities. The material can be easily processed into wearable devices and is made from sustainable, renewable resources.
Professor Harry Hilton combines da Vinci-Euler-Bernoulli theory with Timoshenko theory and viscoelastic materials to create a unified model for flying vehicles. The analysis considers both deterministic and probabilistic approaches, aiming to improve the design of future aircraft.
Researchers at Far Eastern Federal University have developed hybrid powder materials that decrease friction ratio in metals sevenfold, increasing durability of spare parts. The new materials offer prospects for efficient anti-friction additives, outperforming existing alternatives like Teflon.
Researchers at Penn State and North Carolina State University have developed a molecular approach to improve the piezoelectric properties of organic polymers. By tailoring molecules around chiral centers, they created a region within the material where ferroelectric and relaxor properties compete.
This special issue of Science presents research on Cassini's final transmissions to Earth, revealing new observations and insights into Saturn's atmosphere and rings. The studies found that water, methane, and organic-rich material fall into the planet's atmosphere, modifying its composition and structure.
Scientists from the University of Surrey developed a material that combines high stiffness with damping capabilities, allowing it to absorb vibrations. This innovative material could transform the car manufacturing industry, enabling customers to experience little to no vibration during their travels.
Researchers at UIC have discovered a way to treat boron nitride, making it bind to other materials like electronics, biosensors, and airplanes. This breakthrough could significantly improve their performance.
Researchers from NUST MISIS and TU Dortmund University developed a technology to study orthopedic implants in laboratory conditions close to the human body without involving lab animals. The technology uses biomimetic UHMWPE and synthetic plasma to accelerate wear tests, allowing for predictions of implant life.
Parker Solar Probe will make its journey to the Sun's atmosphere, closer than any spacecraft in history, with a highly elliptical orbit and speeds of up to 430,000 miles per hour. The spacecraft will observe the acceleration of the solar wind and study extreme events on the Sun, such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections.
Researchers at Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Leibniz University Hannover, and Ioffe Institute create a novel nanocomposite material to harness energy in hydrogen economy. The new structure isolates gold nanoparticles from silicon, increasing efficiency.
The new foam reacts to sound waves of high and low frequencies, cutting the level of noise transmission by 20-22 dB. The material is cheaper and easier to apply than aerogel, with improved acoustic characteristics obtained through additional impregnation with nanoparticles.
A team of researchers from Purdue University has found that twisting cracks in certain animal materials make them incredibly strong and resistant to failure. This phenomenon, observed in the mantis shrimp's club, is now being replicated in new composite materials.
Researchers have developed a two-step process to produce high-quality covalent organic frameworks with crystalline structures, enabling precise control over material properties. These materials have promising potential for water purification, solar energy storage and body armor applications.
Researchers from Yunnan University investigate recent research progress on QDs/GR composites, highlighting their industrial preparation methods and commercial applications. The synergistic effects of the QDs/GR composite materials enhance their optical gain, charge separation, and carrier mobility.
Graphene's high strength is accompanied by ultra-low bending rigidity, leading to rich morphology control. The scientists review the mechanics of defects in graphene and outline challenges for nanomechanics research.
Researchers have developed a 3D-printed device that stores information reversibly using photoactive molecules and polymers. The technique expands the toolbox of advanced materials available to engineers, enabling complex designs like QR codes or barcodes to be encoded and erased.
Researchers have discovered a new tungsten boride that surpasses the widely used 'pobedit' material in terms of hardness and fracture toughness. The new compound, WB5, can be synthesized at normal pressure and has potential applications in various fields including drilling and machine building.
A composite hydrogel and MXene material offers unparalleled stretchability, self-healing, and strain sensitivity, opening doors to innovative applications such as wearable electronics, biodegradable patches, and biosensing technologies.
Scientists have developed a new anode material for lithium-ion batteries that can store more energy and charge faster. The hybrid material combines tin oxide nanoparticles with antimony on a graphene base, improving stability and conductivity.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have created a self-healing material that spontaneously repairs itself under extreme mechanical damage. The material, composed of liquid metal droplets suspended in a soft elastomer, can reroute electrical signals without interruption.
Researchers have proposed a non-contact method to assess internal stress in composite materials, allowing for early detection of damage and improving operational safety. The new technology uses amorphous soft magnetic circuits to detect stress without physical contact.
Researchers at NIST have combined wood pulp and dried-up pieces of an invasive exotic pest to form a new composite material that is flexible, sustainable, nontoxic, and UV light-reflective. The material could be used in various applications, including food packaging, biomedical devices, and building construction.
Researchers at UCI have developed a numerical method to simulate the molecular aging process in amorphous materials like concrete and glass. This technique could help researchers understand how materials weaken with age and develop materials that maintain their strength indefinitely.
A new composite material made with graphene is stronger and more durable than traditional concrete, while also significantly reducing its carbon footprint. The innovation has the potential to modernize the construction industry worldwide.
Researchers at the University of Connecticut have created a biodegradable composite made from spider silk fibers, which can be used to repair broken load-bearing bones without complications. The new composite shows high strength and flexibility characteristics, making it suitable for treating large leg bones in adults and seniors.
Engineers at U.S. Army Research Laboratory and University of Maryland developed a technique to control composite material behavior using ultraviolet light, enabling new capabilities for rotorcraft design, performance, and maintenance. The method allows materials to become 93%-stiffer and 35%-stronger after UV exposure.
Researchers face difficulties in creating nanomaterials that can interact with biomembranes and achieve desired biological functions due to structural complexities in nature. The team emphasizes the need for a common language among theoretical concepts, membrane models, and cell experiments to improve predictability.
Researchers developed alternative catalysts made of cheaper and more readily available materials with equally high efficiency. The study found that the structure and composition of iron-nickel sulphide influence its electrocatalytic properties.
A composite thin film made of two different inorganic oxide materials significantly improves the performance of solar cells by optimizing its ability to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity. The material achieves a record power conversion efficiency of up to 4.2%, making it promising for future solar technologies.
Scientists at NUST MISIS have developed composites that can efficiently remove heat from electronic devices, potentially replacing traditional materials like fiberglass. The new material has high thermal conductivity and mechanical properties, making it suitable for use in smartphones and other electronics.
Researchers have found a way to upcycle animal dung into paper products using cellulose, which could provide an alternative to traditional wood-based methods. The process involves treating the manure with sodium hydroxide and then bleaching it to produce purified cellulose nanofibers.
Researchers have developed a new method for removing heavy metals like lead and mercury from water using metal organic frameworks (MOFs). The MOF composite can quickly and selectively remove high amounts of toxic materials from real-world water samples, down to levels deemed drinkable by health organizations.
A study of waterfalls found that river bed rock composition plays a crucial role in shaping the surrounding landscape over time. The research revealed that changes to the river bed material significantly impact how quickly waterfalls migrate upstream.
A Washington State University research team has developed a technique to greatly strengthen permeable pavements by adding waste carbon fiber composite material. The recycling method reduces energy consumption and chemicals, making it a critical factor for recycling waste materials.
Researchers in China have developed a battery that can function at -70 degrees Celsius, far colder than traditional lithium-ion batteries. The breakthrough design uses organic compound electrodes with an ester-based electrolyte, enabling it to conduct a charge even at extremely low temperatures.
A new composite material made from antibacterial copper nanoparticles has shown excellent antibacterial resistance and durability. The material was tested on cotton and polyester fabrics, which showed strong resistance to bacterial infections even after being washed multiple times.
Engineers at Iowa State University created a new smart material that stiffens by up to 300% when mechanically stressed, supporting 50 times its own weight. The material is made from liquid-metal particles that break open under stress, allowing it to reconfigure and change stiffness.
Researchers have created a composite material with the best piezoelectric properties today, overcoming lead content and weight limitations. The material's polymer component offers advantages in manufacturing and application, making it suitable for high-pressure sensing applications.
Researchers from Uppsala University and collaborating institutions developed a new method to measure magnetism at the atomic level, enabling detailed analysis of magnetic nanostructures. This advancement is crucial for the development of next-generation spintronic components that require functional units only a few nanometers large.
KAUST researchers have created boron-nitride-based alloys with tunable polarization, a crucial property for computer memory. By varying the atomic composition, they can control the spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric constants of these materials.
A team of scientists reports a Verwey-type charge ordering transition in Cs4O6, where molecular O2- entities form well-defined singly charged superoxide and doubly charged peroxide anions. The study sheds light on the mechanism of Verwey-type charge ordering phenomena in mixed-valence compounds.
A new carbon-based nanocomposite with embedded metal ions has shown impressive performance as a catalyst for electrolysis of water to generate hydrogen. The material's high catalytic activity and stability could lead to low-cost and efficient hydrogen production, a key step towards clean fuel.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a new ceramic material that combines the benefits of white graphene with calcium-silicates. The resulting composite has improved strength, toughness, and thermal conductivity, making it suitable for high-performance applications in construction, nuclear power plants, aerospace, and more.
Scientists have observed increasing fluxes of shelf-derived materials to the central Arctic Ocean, altering its composition and potentially harming biological productivity. The study provides an estimate of Arctic shelf flux and sheds light on understudied transport processes in the region.
Researchers at Clemson University are developing a new type of smart material that can detect damage in vehicles, such as impacts and cracking. This technology has the potential to reduce maintenance costs and improve safety by enabling vehicles to perform self-diagnostic checks and avoid accidents.
A Russian scientist discovered how a polymer sample with magnetizable particles responds to external magnetic fields, revealing potential applications in various industries. The study found that the arrangement of particles affects the material's elastic properties, leading to significant changes under moderate magnetic fields.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a new dental material that can kill bacteria and resist biofilm growth without harming surrounding tissue. The material is effective with minimal toxicity and can withstand severe mechanical stress.
Researchers in material robotics envision a future where technology seamlessly integrates into daily life, enabling intelligent products that adapt to our needs. By merging materials science and robotics, the goal is to create robots with 'brains' in their bodies, making them ubiquitous and invisible.