Articles tagged with Composite Materials
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that exotic metallic materials exhibit poor electrical conductivity due to tiny amounts of impurities or defects. These defects cause electrons to remain localized, hindering current flow at low frequencies, but allowing it at high frequencies.
Researchers at Flinders University have developed a new sustainable insulation material using waste cooking oil, sulfur, and wool offcuts, offering promising energy savings for property owners and tenants. The composite boasts low flammability and biodegradable properties, aligning with the UN's Sustainable Development Goals.
Researchers from NUST MISIS developed a new nanomaterial that can replace low-efficiency graphite in lithium-ion batteries, increasing capacity and extending service life. The material provides three times higher capacity than existing batteries and allows for five times more charge-discharge cycles.
Carbon nanotubes have been engineered to produce moiré patterns, which could enhance material properties. The researchers' breakthrough has significant implications for the development of superconducting materials with improved performance.
A team of scientists has created a novel material with unique properties, exhibiting half-auxetic behavior under both strain and compression. This discovery could lead to breakthroughs in sensing and magneto-optics technologies.
Researchers find giant Hall effect in material Ce3Bi4Pd3, exceeding theoretical predictions by a thousand times. The effect is caused by complex electron interactions and the Kondo effect, leading to unexpected potential for next-generation quantum technologies.
Researchers identified 126 substances that can harm children's health, including phthalates, flame retardants, and fragrances. The study recommends prioritizing phase-out of these chemicals and developing benchmarks for safe use in toy materials.
The University of Central Florida is helping NASA develop thin-ply composites that are as thin as measuring tape but strong enough to support satellite payloads. These materials offer significant gains in performance over traditional metallic materials and can be rolled up, compacted and stored for long periods.
Researchers from Ruhr-Universität Bochum and University of Copenhagen developed an approach to predict optimal composition and confirm accuracy with high-throughput experiments. The strategy enables identification of complex mechanisms at surfaces consisting of five chemical elements, overcoming limitations of previous catalysts.
Physicists at UC Riverside created moiré patterns by overlaying WS2 and WSe2 layers, leading to insulating states with varying electron occupancy fractions. Strong interactions between electrons restrict mobile electrons into local cells, resulting in insulating behavior. Similar behaviors can occur for other occupancy fractions.
Researchers have developed a hyperspectral imaging technique to visualize and test two-dimensional materials at the nanoscale. This allows for the identification of new properties and potential applications, including more-efficient energy transmission and solar- and wind-powered vehicles.
Researchers have created putty-like composites of gallium metal with improved handling properties, enabling new applications in wearable devices and medical implants. The composites also exhibit excellent electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal interface materials properties.
Researchers at NUST MISIS create affordable heat sinks by mixing rubbers with silicon carbide, significantly reducing production costs. The new material can withstand temperatures up to 300°C and has potential applications in industry and electronics.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology synthesized a novel material with negative thermal expansion properties, which may help avoid damage to composite materials. The material exhibits both phase transition and framework-type mechanisms, providing a potential solution for the overheating problem in composite materials.
Researchers have developed a machine learning model that predicts the hardness of new materials based on their chemical composition, finding over 10 promising borocarbide phases. The model's accuracy surpasses classical methods, enabling scientists to more efficiently discover suitable compounds for various applications.
Researchers have successfully developed a highly efficient technique for producing one-dimensional fullerene crystals, called fullerene finned-micropillar (FFMP), that can be produced in an hour. The team achieved this significant breakthrough by utilizing a small heating apparatus and annealing process.
Scientists at the University of Tokyo used molecular dynamics calculations to simulate glass-forming ability of metallic mixtures. They found that even small changes in composition can disrupt crystallization and lead to glassy states upon cooling. This breakthrough may lead to a universal theory of glass formation and cheaper, more re...
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a method to create 3D images of fiber orientation in composite materials, enabling accurate predictions of thermal conductivity. This innovation has far-reaching implications for designing high-performance materials and heat shields.
Scientists have created a new platform to rapidly create and characterize blends of materials, significantly accelerating material development. The platform uses electrospray deposition and x-ray scattering to explore complex compositional dependencies in a matter of days, reducing the time from months or weeks.
Researchers developed an AI algorithm called CAMEO that discovered a new compound by operating in a closed loop, maximizing productivity and efficiency. The AI is designed to contain knowledge of key principles, including past simulations and lab experiments, to identify the best material for specific applications.
Researchers at EPFL create composite polymers with unique properties by encapsulating monomers in compartments and using UV radiation to polymerize them. The resulting material is exceptionally strong and can withstand heavy loads without damage.
Researchers used a machine-learning model to predict the distribution of palladium atoms on copper surfaces under changing temperatures and hydrogen concentrations. The study found that hydrogen adsorption drives palladium away from the surface at higher pressures and lower temperatures.
Researchers from Skoltech have created a universal approach for predicting material properties based on their chemical composition. By assigning a Mendeleev number (MN) to each element, they have shown that this system is more effective than empirical solutions in identifying promising compounds with unique properties.
Researchers at KIST developed a new material that changes color when damaged, improving sensitivity by 850% compared to existing materials. The innovative process allows for easy application to various materials, making it suitable for wearable sensors and artificial skin.
The $2.5 million DOE grant project will investigate a newly designed molten salt valve to improve reliability and reduce maintenance costs in concentrating solar power systems. The advanced valve design aims to withstand extreme temperatures and pressures, reducing material stress and fatigue.
A team of West Virginia University researchers are developing a protective jacket for tank cars that haul hazardous materials to prevent spills and leaks caused by accidents. The new composite material, made up of glass and polymer, improves fatigue, puncture, and fire resistance qualities.
Ihlefeld's research focuses on developing universal, pure, and smooth thin films for transistors in high-temperature environments. His innovation aims to enable the design of new microelectronics with ultra-thin insulating materials.
A recent study published in Environment International found that bioplastics contain high levels of toxic chemicals, similar to conventional plastics. The researchers tested 43 different plastic products and found that 80% contained more than 1000 different chemicals.
Researchers have developed an engineered electrode material that enables high-capacity Lithium-ion batteries with fast-charging capabilities. The material, combining black phosphorus and graphite, shows improved stability and efficiency, restoring 80% of its full capacity in under 10 minutes.
A new research project aims to develop a camera-based separation system that can categorize plastic waste according to its specific properties. The technology will increase the quality of recycled plastics and improve traceability, aiming for a purity of at least 96% by polymer type.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory created a composite material that increases electrical current capacity of copper wires, enabling more efficient electric vehicle traction motors. The new material can be scaled for use in ultra-efficient devices with improved performance and reduced cost.
A research project at Friedrich Schiller University Jena aims to develop recyclable plastic materials that can be recycled and reused. The team, led by Prof. Ulrich S. Schubert, plans to study fibre-reinforced materials and nanocomposites with potential applications in aircraft, tennis rackets, and other industries.
A study of meteorites formed in the outer Solar System finds a mix of materials from inner and outer systems, suggesting Jupiter's formation may have trapped dust. The discovery could indicate that material transport between inner and outer systems was halted by Jupiter's formation.
Researchers from Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University produced a metal with increased ductility, three times higher than specified in standard. This discovery can change component design and improve material performance for industries like Aerospace.
Scientists have created a novel artificial material made of thin layers of nickelates, which can accurately control electronic properties and develop energy-efficient devices. By refining the layers to eight atoms, the entire sample behaves like a single material with one large jump in conductivity.
A team of researchers from China has developed a sustainable, ultra-strong and transparent film made from living bacteria. The film, inspired by nacre, exhibits unique optical properties and excellent mechanical strength, making it a potential substitute for plastics in packaging and electronics.
Researchers at KIST and KAIST developed a technology to fabricate liquid crystals with multiple layers, which can exhibit diverse optical characteristics. This new material may potentially replace color shifting ink in preventing forgery of bank notes and ID cards.
A new method developed by researchers at the University of Sussex provides detailed information about the size and thickness of graphene particles. This technique is a non-destructive, laser-based approach that allows for statistical mapping of nanosheet populations in materials.
Researchers found that solid-state and melt polymerization mechanisms differ in the number of broken bonds, leading to unique kinetic behaviors. This discovery opens up possibilities for designing materials with desired properties.
A team of researchers from UMaine and UMass Amherst has developed a novel membrane technology inspired by the pitcher plant, aiming to capture COVID-19 airborne droplets efficiently. The project uses a composite material with a liquid layer on the surface of a membrane to trap pathogenic particles.
Researchers have created a new material that mimics the strength and toughness of mother of pearl, with layers of aragonite stacked in an intricate herringbone pattern. The material is almost twice as strong and four times as tough as previous nacre mimics, making it suitable for sustainable medical uses.
A team of computer scientists developed a novel method for simulating yarn-cloth patterns, accurately capturing the physics of fabrics including stretching and bending response. The technique enables faster and more accurate simulations of knitted and woven materials while preserving material properties.
Researchers at Skoltech have solved the long-standing puzzle of tungsten boride's crystal structure, revealing a new material with exceptional mechanical properties. The discovery of WB5-x has exciting implications for various industrial applications, including drilling technology.
Researchers at Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology create a composite of cellulose nanofibers and silver nanowires, achieving impressive shielding effectiveness. The resulting aerogel is incredibly light, flexible, and durable, with high shielding capabilities against electromagnetic radiation.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids developed a new intermetallic compound Al2Pt as a precursor for oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyst material. The compound's reduced density of states and polar chemical bonding provide inherent OER activity, increasing stability under harsh oxidative conditions.
Researchers have developed a novel scheme for THz dual-comb spectroscopy that requires only a single laser source while maintaining exceptional resolution. The use of adaptive sampling technique minimizes timing instability and allows for accurate detection of small variations in the absorption profile of materials.
A team of researchers at Penn State has developed a handheld ultraviolet light device that can effectively disinfect areas by killing the novel coronavirus. The device uses high-performance UV LEDs emitting a high intensity of UV light, which is currently limited by transparent electrode materials.
The DFG is funding three Collaborative Research Centres at TU Dresden to develop new classes of synthetic two-dimensional materials and novel design strategies for carbon concrete structures. The research focuses on controlling material properties, manufacturability, and sustainability.
Researchers from NUS created a library of atomically thin 2D materials by intercalating metal atoms between transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. The new materials have ferromagnetic properties and can be used to explore a wide range of physical properties.
A new visualization method using atomic force microscopy is developed to determine the distribution of components in battery electrodes, providing insights into optimal composite electrode conditions. The method has potential to improve performance and safety of all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries.
Engineers have developed an AI-based rapid screening system to test fracture resistance in vast arrays of candidate materials. The system uses machine-learning to analyze the propagation of cracks through a material's molecular structure, reducing testing time from hours to milliseconds.
A new metamaterial has been developed by ITMO University researchers that can change its optical properties without mechanical input. The material combines silicon and phase-change materials to achieve a transparent surface in the near-infrared region.
A new algorithm, Mendelevian Search, predicts optimal materials by searching through all possible combinations of chemical elements and crystal structures. The method has successfully predicted diamond and several dozen hard and superhard phases, including some new ones.
Researchers found that composite membranes with nanoparticles can increase proton conductivity in direct ethanol fuel cells, leading to higher efficiency and potential industrial scalability. This breakthrough has great implications for the use of renewable ethanol as a sustainable energy source.
Researchers at Shinshu University have developed a method to selectively dope boron into the outer tubes of double-walled carbon nanotubes, increasing electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient. This advancement enables highly enhanced thermoelectric performance in boron-doped DWNTs for waste heat harvesting and other applications.
Researchers from Skoltech and MIPT discovered the stable crystal structure of molybdenum pentaboride MoB5, with four to five boron atoms per molybdenum atom, resisting compression and deformations. The predicted hardness is close to that of superhard materials.
Researchers from Uppsala University discovered that hot magma from inside the Earth is forcing its way into a giant reservoir, keeping the Andean supervolcano alive. The study provides new insights into how large volcanoes work and could help increase chances of survival in case of a future eruption.
Researchers have developed unified formulas to predict the behavior of light and sound waves in heterogeneous materials. This allows for the design of multifunctional composites with specific responses to waves, paving the way for engineered hyperuniform materials.
The US Navy is funding AnalySwift's SwiftComp software to improve the durability analysis of composite flexbeams in helicopters. This will reduce redesign time and cost, enabling more accurate predictions and saving millions of dollars.
A new machine-learning algorithm helps design lightweight glass compositions that are very stiff, suitable for next-gen materials in vehicles and wind turbines. The goal is to reduce weight while maintaining strength, leading to fuel efficiency improvements.