Articles tagged with Enamels
A new study published in the Journal of Human Evolution identifies two genes that show evidence of positive selection in humans, contributing to the thickening of enamel. The research suggests that natural selection played a key role in shaping human teeth, with specific genetic changes linked to diet and environmental pressures.
Research suggests that early exposure to bisphenol A can damage the enamel of teeth in children, similar to a previously identified pathology known as MIH. The study found that low doses of BPA can cause mineral depletion and lead to hypomineralisation, making teeth more fragile and prone to cavities.
Researchers have found new evidence on how fluoride compounds reduce tooth decay risk by hardening enamel and reducing bacteria adhesion. This discovery lends credence to alternative theories on fluoride's mechanism of action.
The study found that quartz particles can remove pieces of tooth enamel at extremely low forces, making them a significant contributor to dental microwear. In contrast, fossilized plant remains had a minor effect on tooth surfaces, leaving only cosmetic rubbing marks.
Researchers have developed a new substance inspired by mussels' adhesive, which can rebuild both enamel and dentin on teeth. Laboratory tests show that the gooey material promotes simultaneous remineralization of enamel and dentin, offering a potential solution for millions suffering from tooth sensitivity.
Researchers analyzed fossil teeth to determine the dietary preferences of three groups of hominins in South Africa. The study found that Australopithecus had a more varied diet than early Homo, while Paranthropus had a primarily herbivorous-like diet
Researchers discovered a highly mineralized protective coating on freshwater crayfish teeth, made of calcium phosphate and amorphous calcium carbonate. This 'enamel' layer is remarkably similar to the enamel found in vertebrates, providing protection against wear and tear.
A study by the Academy of General Dentistry found that sports and energy drinks cause irreversible damage to teeth due to high acidity levels. Energy drinks are twice as likely to destroy enamel than sports drinks.
Dental enamel's unique structure is formed through a complex biomineralization process. The Pitt team identified the role of amelogenin in self-assembling into higher-order structures that guide mineral particles into parallel arrays, leading to highly mineralized enamel.
Researchers from the University of Bonn analyzed fossil teeth from two giant herbivorous dinosaurs, Camarasaurus and Brachiosaurus, using a chemical thermometer to determine their body temperatures. The analysis revealed that both dinosaurs had a body temperature between 36 and 38 degrees Celsius.
Scientists have found fluoride forms a protective shield on teeth that is only 6 nanometers thick, sparking doubts about its ability to fight cavities.
Scientists challenge conventional wisdom on fluoride's effectiveness in preventing tooth decay, finding the protective shield on teeth is just 6 nanometers thick, sparking questions about its ability to protect teeth.
Research suggests that substantial amounts of fluoride through infant formula and toothpaste may cause mild fluorosis in young children. However, the American Dental Association recommends continued use of fluoridated water and toothpaste due to their proven effectiveness in preventing tooth decay.
A new study by Case Western Reserve University researchers found that leaded gasoline was the predominant source of lead exposure for African-American children in Cleveland during the latter half of the 20th century. The study used dental records and other data to show that lead levels in teeth increased dramatically during this period...
The study found that tooth enamel defects in ancient humans were associated with shortened lifespans, suggesting a link between early life stress and adult diseases. The research supports the Barker hypothesis, which proposes that many adult diseases originate during fetal development and early childhood.
Researchers discovered that longer proline repeats contract protein bubbles, helping to form longer enamel crystals. This finding could lead to new ways to engineer tooth enamel.
Ape teeth are shaped to handle scarce food resources during stressful times. The study found that gorillas have broader back teeth for chewing leaves and orangutans have thicker enamel for cracking seeds. Conservation efforts must also protect fallback foods sources, such as forest areas where fruits grow.
Researchers at Southwest Research Institute have created a new proof-of-concept dental restorative material made with zirconia nanoplatelets, which are super hard due to the arrangement of atoms in the material. The new fillings aim to replace amalgam, containing mercury, and offer improved durability and ease of use.
A new Swedish study reveals that exposure to alkaline substances can damage teeth by destroying organic content and leaving enamel more vulnerable. The study found that high pH values can cause flaked enamel, markedly increasing the risk of caries and other dental issues.
Researchers found molecular decay of the enamelin gene in toothless mammals, correlating with enamel loss in the fossil record and supporting evolutionary change. The study provides fresh evidence for Charles Darwin's theory of evolution, linking morphological degeneration to molecular decay.
A study by Prof. Herzl Chai and colleagues reveals that teeth's wavy hierarchy and micro-cracking mechanism can inspire stronger composites for planes and aerospace engineering. Dental specialists can also use the research to create smarter crowns with improved durability.
Researchers developed a non-destructive way to measure the elasticity of human teeth using lasers, enabling early detection of oral health issues. The new method can help predict emerging dental problems like tooth decay and cavities.
Researchers at the Eastman Institute found that acidic fruit juices like orange juice decrease tooth enamel hardness by up to 84%. Whitening products have no significant effect on enamel hardness. Poor oral hygiene and frequent consumption of acidic drinks can lead to severe tooth erosion.
A new study from Ohio State University found that home tooth bleaching products reduce enamel hardness by 1.2-2 nanometers, affecting its ability to bounce back after force. Researchers suggest reformulating products to minimize side effects.
A recent study by NYU researchers found that sports drinks can cause tooth erosion and hypersensitivity due to high levels of citric acid. The condition affects one in 15 Americans and can lead to severe tooth damage if left untreated.
Researchers at Oregon State University have identified the gene Ctip2 as controlling tooth enamel production, a significant step towards repairing damaged enamel and preventing cavities. This discovery could lead to new approaches in dental health, including using tooth stem cells to stimulate enamel growth.
Researchers have digitally reconstructed a nearly complete skull of the extinct lemur species Hadropithecus stenognathus, providing new insights into its diet and body size. The study reveals that the lemur was as large as a male baboon and had a brain size comparable to some large monkeys.
A study of 206 pregnant women found that mothers with low vitamin D levels had children more likely to develop early childhood tooth decay, while those with adequate levels had children with fewer enamel defects. Vitamin D consumption and prenatal use also influenced the risk.
A 40,000-year-old tooth reveals direct evidence of Neanderthal movement over lifetimes. The analysis of strontium isotope ratios in the enamel indicates that the individual lived in a different location than where the tooth was found.
Consuming acidic foods and beverages can lead to tooth erosion, causing decay and damage to dental enamel. Dr. Bartlett advises patients to wait at least 20 minutes before brushing after eating or drinking an acidic food or beverage, and to minimize snacking throughout the day.
Researchers have developed a method to produce enamel-like tissue in culture, using epithelial cells extracted from developing teeth and seeded onto collagen scaffolds. This breakthrough could lead to the regeneration of whole teeth and treatment of damaged or missing enamel, revolutionizing dental care.
Dr. Simmer's laboratory made significant observations on the alternative splicing of amelogenin RNA transcripts, leading to improvements in understanding genetic etiologies of inherited enamel defects like amelogenesis imperfecta. His work also focused on tooth dentin and the isolation of dentin sialophosphoprotein-derived proteins.
Researchers analyzed tooth enamel to determine early human relatives' diet, finding seasonal variations in leaves, fruit, seeds, roots, and possibly grazing animals. This study sheds light on the variability of human diets over time, suggesting that it has been a key factor in modern humans' ability to adapt to different environments.
Research suggests that high fluoride intake from beverages during infancy and early childhood increases the risk of dental fluorosis in permanent incisors. Consuming more 100% juice and infant formulas with naturally high water fluoride concentrations also contribute to increased fluoride intakes.
A study suggests a possible link between amoxicillin use in early infancy and an increased risk of dental fluorosis, a condition caused by excessive fluoride exposure. The research found that the duration of amoxicillin use was related to the severity of fluorosis on permanent teeth.
Researchers have developed a new dating technique using radioactive carbon-14 in tooth enamel, which can accurately determine a person's age at the time of death within 1.6 years. This method can help forensic scientists identify victims of disasters like Hurricane Katrina and narrow down search efforts.
A study by USC researchers has identified two competing proteins, DSP and DPP, that influence the strength of tooth enamel. Over-expression of DSP increases enamel hardness, while over-expression of DPP creates pitted and chalky enamel prone to fracture and wear.
Dental researchers successfully grown natural tooth enamel using a protein scaffold, solving a long-standing puzzle. The discovery unlocks one mystery of enamel formation and may have long-term applications in dental science and medical-device development.
A new research study reveals that follistatin, a gene playing a critical role in organ patterning, regulates enamel formation on mouse incisors. The asymmetric expression of follistatin accounts for the distinct patterning of enamel formation and is required for the formation of enamel-free tooth regions.
A team from PNNL and USC has identified the region of a protein that interacts with crystals to form enamel, a material with entirely different properties from bone. The discovery explains how proteins can control crystal structure, enabling nano-patterning and nano-building.
Researchers identified a shared gene family responsible for calcium binding in bones, enamel, dentine, milk, and saliva. The genes, including SPARC and SPARCL1, evolved from a common ancestral gene and reside on the same chromosome in most vertebrates.
Research integrating genetics and paleontology aims to resolve human evolution debates by combining fossil records with genetic data. A recent study on baboon teeth shows that enamel thickness can vary widely within a population, challenging long-held assumptions.
The main cause of tooth discoloration lies at the surface of enamel, where red wine, coffee and tea stain teeth. Hydrogen peroxide-based whitening agents target deeper discoloration by forming radical intermediates that break down into water and oxygen.