Articles tagged with Graphene
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have developed a liquid-based method to produce high-quality graphene, which could lead to novel carbon composites and more affordable touch screens. The new technique yields very pure material and has the potential to drive down costs in industries such as aerospace, automotive, and construction.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a way to extract hydrogen atoms from graphane, creating spaces that resemble quantum dots. This breakthrough enables precise control over the semiconducting properties of quantum dots, with potential applications in advanced optics, single-molecule sensing, and nanoscale circuitry.
Researchers discovered that multiple layers of graphene retain strong heat conducting properties, making it a promising material for removing dissipated heat from electronic devices. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new technologies to keep laptops and other devices from overheating.
Researchers at NIST and Georgia Tech have developed a new technique to analyze multilayer graphene, revealing the rotational orientation of graphene sheets and mapping stress fields. The method uses atomic scale moiré patterns to measure strain in graphene layers with high sensitivity.
Researchers investigated how defects in graphene affect its electronic properties. They found that surface quality plays a crucial role in controlling plasmons, which could be harnessed for future technical applications.
Indiana University chemists have developed an unusual solution to create large, stable graphene sheets by attaching a 3D bramble patch to each side. This allows for the creation of uniform-sized graphene sheets that can efficiently absorb sunlight, paving the way for cheaper and more sustainable solar cells.
Researchers found that supported graphene retains exceptional thermal conductivity of up to 600 watts per meter per Kelvin near room temperature. This is significantly higher than copper and silicon thin films currently used in electronic devices.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have successfully synthesized single-layer graphene films on a dielectric substrate using direct chemical vapor deposition. The method overcomes current fabrication limitations, enabling the production of high-quality graphene films with controlled properties and morphologies.
Researchers have discovered a new material called graphene-oxide-framework (GOF) that can store hydrogen safely and efficiently. GOFs exhibit unique properties, including high hydrogen absorption at low temperatures, making them a promising candidate for gas storage applications.
Scientists have developed a simple method to produce high-quality graphene on commercially available silicon carbide wafers. This breakthrough enables mass production of graphene, a material with unique electronic properties that could replace silicon in electronics devices.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a graphene-hybrid material by stitching together graphene and hexagonal boron nitride. This 2D structure offers new possibilities for materials scientists, with electric properties ranging from metallic conductor to semiconductor to insulator.
Researchers at UCLA have created a new graphene nanostructure called graphene nanomesh (GNM), which can open up a band gap in graphene and create a highly uniform, continuous semiconducting thin film. This breakthrough has the potential to enable practical application of graphene as a semiconductor material for future electronics.
Researchers used supercomputer calculations to analyze how metal contacts on graphene change its electron transport properties. The study provides new information on the effects of metal contacts and proposes quantitative models for describing these effects.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology developed a single-step process to produce both n-type and p-type doping of large-area graphene surfaces. The technique uses commercially-available spin-on-glass material and electron-beam radiation, providing precise control over the amount of radiation applied.
Researchers have produced high-quality graphene on a large scale, overcoming two major barriers to scaling up the technology. The material's electrical characteristics can now be measured with unprecedented precision, paving the way for widespread adoption in high-speed electronics.
The team created fluorescence quenching microscopy (FQM) to image graphene, which overcomes previous limitations in seeing these materials. FQM can be used on a variety of surfaces and requires minimal equipment, making it a promising method for quality control and research.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have discovered a way to shape graphene into desired forms using only a nanodroplet of water. The method utilizes weak van der Waals forces between water nanodroplets and graphene, allowing for the creation of complex structures such as capsules, sandwiches, knots, and rings.
Researchers from Empa have successfully synthesized a graphene-like polymer with well-defined pores using a 'bottom-up' synthesis method. The new material boasts finer pores than traditional lithographic processes, opening up new possibilities for applications in electronics and other fields.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University have successfully demonstrated the fractional quantum Hall effect in clean graphene, a two-dimensional crystalline material. This breakthrough exploits graphene's unique electrical properties to create novel devices and test theoretical models of extreme environments.
Researchers at NIST have developed a method to calculate the motions and forces of thousands of atoms simultaneously over longer time scales. This breakthrough enables modeling of atomic-scale processes that unfold over time, such as vibrations in crystals, and improves results in fields like nanotechnology and materials science.
Researchers at Rutgers University have discovered novel electronic properties in 2D carbon structure graphene, exhibiting strongly correlated behavior among charge-carrying particles. The findings are similar to superconductivity observed in some metals and complex materials, enabling the flow of electric current with no resistance.
Researchers at Kansas State University have created 'gold snowflakes' on graphene, improving its electrical properties. These nanostars can be used to functionalize DNA and enhance sensitivity. The discovery shows promise for biological devices and electronics.
Graphene nanodomes, formed by concentric rings of carbon atoms, offer new insight into graphene growth and potential methods for assembling components of graphene-based computer circuits. The discovery enables varying the size of the carbon domes from a few nanometers to hundreds of nanometers across.
Researchers found that adding graphene to titanium dioxide-based batteries enhances their performance, with electrodes containing graphene charging and discharging faster than those without. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more efficient lithium-ion batteries using inexpensive materials.
Researchers from PNNL have developed a DNA-graphene nanostructure that can detect diseases, toxins, and pathogens. The biosensor has potential applications in cancer diagnosis, food safety, and biodefense due to its stability and high sensitivity.
By using a special design and the principle of anti-reflective layers, researchers have made graphene visible on gallium arsenide. This achievement enables the measurement of electrical properties of the new material combination, paving the way for further research and development in electronics.
Researchers have designed a new material called graphone, derived from graphene, with unique optical and transport properties. By controlling hydrogen coverage, they made graphene magnetic, opening possibilities for novel applications in spintronics.
Researchers have found a new way to transform graphite oxide into graphene using an ordinary camera flash, which could lead to the production of low-cost transparent and flexible electronics. The process is simple, energy-efficient, and chemical-free.
The discovery of graphane, an insulating equivalent of graphene, may prove more versatile than its predecessor. Graphane retains the thinness, super-strength, flexibility and density of graphene but has a more controlled electrical conductivity, making it suitable for electronic circuits.
Researchers at UCR manipulated ripples in graphene sheets using thermal manipulation, controlling their orientation, wavelength, and amplitude. This technique enables strain-based graphene electronics, which could have profound implications for electronic devices and magnetic fields.
Researchers have made a direct measurement of graphene's quantum capacitance, revealing its unique properties. The findings hold promise for biosensor applications, chemical sensing devices, and flexible displays.
Engineers from Penn and Sandia National Laboratories demonstrate the formation of interconnected carbon nanostructures on graphene substrate using a simple assembly process. The discovery may lead to new approach of graphene-based electronic devices.
Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, have created tunable semiconductors using bilayer graphene, which can change its bandgap and Fermi energy with an applied electric field. This breakthrough enables the creation of reconfigurable electronic devices, potentially holding millions of differently tuned devices.
Researchers have successfully engineered a tunable bandgap in bilayer graphene, opening the way for nanoscale electronics and photonics. The breakthrough allows for precise control over the bandgap size and doping level, enabling new types of nanotransistors and nano-LEDs.
Researchers demonstrate graphene's potential as an alternative to copper for interconnects in integrated circuits, with improved conductivity and reduced resistance. Graphene's performance is comparable to or surpasses that of copper at nanoscale sizes.
Researchers at Northwestern University successfully chemically functionalize graphene using perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA). The resulting monolayer is nearly defect-free and stable under room temperature conditions.
Direct measurement of graphene's energy spectrum reveals unevenly spaced energy levels and a 'zero energy state.' The findings support the idea that graphene layers are uncoupled from adjacent layers due to their unique stacking orientations.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have successfully synthesized large-area graphene on copper foils, which may lead to the development of faster computers and electronic devices. The graphene's high electron- and hole-mobility enables extremely high switching speeds in nanoelectronic devices.
A team of scientists and engineers from Stanford, University of Florida, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory created an n-type transistor out of graphene nanoribbon, opening the door to faster, smaller, and more versatile computer chips.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new method to produce mass quantities of graphene nanoribbons, which are essential for electronics applications. The technique uses plasma etching to slice open carbon nanotubes, creating uniform ribbons with smooth edges.
Researchers at Kansas State University have created a graphene-based DNA sensor that can detect cancer cells in blood, leveraging the unique properties of this single-atom thick carbon material. This technology has the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and treatment, offering a new frontier in materials science and biology.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab used the world's most powerful transmission electron microscope to observe real-time carbon atom movement around a hole in graphene. The study found that zigzag configurations are more stable than armchair configurations, holding promise for predicting and controlling device stability.
Engineers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a method to disperse chemically modified graphene in a wide variety of organic solvents. This breakthrough enables the use of graphene in various materials and applications, including conductive films, polymer composites, and energy storage devices.
Engineers create method for stamping multiple graphene sheets onto substrate in precise locations, enabling mass production of smaller, faster electronics. The technique holds promise for delivering quantum mechanical effects and enabling new kinds of electronics.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new material called graphene that can enable microchips to operate at much higher speeds than current silicon chips. The new technology uses a single transistor and produces a clean output signal, leading to faster computers and cellphones.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have proven that graphene's edge structure significantly influences its electronic properties. The discovery has major implications for transistor fabrication and requires controlled engineering of the graphene edge structure.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a novel method to assemble graphite oxide sheets into continuous membranes, overcoming conventional thin-film processing limitations. This breakthrough enables the creation of high-quality graphene devices with high successful yields and potential applications in energy-related fields.
Researchers have discovered a new method to control graphene's properties by growing it on different surfaces. The results show that the chemistry of the surface plays a key role in shaping the material's conductive properties, allowing for the creation of either metallic or semiconductor graphene.
The University of Exeter and Bath have secured a £5 million Science and Innovation Award to create the Centre of Graphene Science. Researchers will focus on graphene's mechanical, electrical, and optical properties for computing and medicine applications.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a graphene-based memory device that can store large amounts of data in a two-dimensional array. This technology increases storage capacity by a factor of five and consumes virtually no power.
Researchers from UCLA's California NanoSystems Institute propose a method to produce graphene sheets in large quantities using hydrazine solution. This breakthrough enables the creation of the largest graphene sample reported, with applications in solar cells, sensors, and electronic devices.
Researchers from UNC Chapel Hill found that water behaves differently inside carbon nanotubes depending on temperature, with potential implications for ultra-tiny devices and biological structures. The study's findings may lead to new technologies such as nano-fluidic chips and permeable membranes.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have created a new graphene-based material that helps solve the structure of graphite oxide. The material, made by replacing normal carbon atoms with magnetically active carbon-13, will enable scientists to create different types of graphene and study its chemical structure.
Cornell researchers have created a one-atom-thick graphene membrane that is ultra-strong, leak-proof and impermeable to gases. The membrane could be used for various applications such as imaging biological materials in solution or studying the movement of atoms through microscopic holes.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a new carbon-based material called graphene that can store electrical charge in ultracapacitor devices, potentially doubling their capacity. The breakthrough could enable the massive installation of renewable energies like wind and solar power.
Prof Andre Geim and Dr Kostya Novoselov, who discovered graphene in 2004, have won the prestigious Europhysics Prize. Their work reveals graphene's remarkable electronic properties, with applications such as transistors and sensors.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed a method to etch graphene along flawless, crystallographic axes using thermally activated nanoparticles. This technique enables the creation of atomically precise, macroscopic length ribbons of graphene with potential applications in integrated circuits.
Graphene films have been characterized to vary their surface potential with thickness, aligning with predictions of a nonlinear Thomas-Fermi theory. This advancement clarifies electronic interaction between insulating substrates and few-layer graphene films, essential for device engineering.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab have discovered an unexpected gap-like feature in graphene's energy spectrum, attributed to phonon interactions. This finding opens new possibilities for graphene nanodevices and applications.
Researchers used the Advanced Light Source to study graphene's properties and found that electrons strongly interact with each other. The discovery sheds light on graphene's potential applications in electronic devices.