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Life Sciences

Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.

447,757 articles | 2542 topics

Health and Medicine

Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.

431,843 articles | 751 topics

Social Sciences

Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.

260,756 articles | 745 topics

Physical Sciences

Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.

257,913 articles | 1552 topics

Applied Sciences and Engineering

Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.

225,386 articles | 998 topics

Scientific Community

Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.

193,043 articles | 157 topics

Space Sciences

Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.

29,662 articles | 175 topics

Research Methods

Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.

21,889 articles | 139 topics

Mathematics

Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.

3,023 articles | 113 topics

Surprising graphene

Researchers measured graphene's properties with unprecedented accuracy, confirming its unusual features and revealing significant departures from theoretical predictions. The results point to novel practical applications in nanoscale electronics.

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Carbon nanoribbons could make smaller, speedier computer chips

Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new way to make transistors out of carbon nanoribbons, which can operate at room temperature and increase the speed of computer chips. The devices are smoother and narrower than previously made graphene nanoribbons, allowing them to work at higher temperatures.

By adding graphene, researchers create superior polymer

Researchers at Northwestern University and Princeton University created a new kind of polymer that incorporates functionalized, exfoliated graphene sheets, exhibiting extraordinary thermal and mechanical properties. The polymer's electroconductivity is also being studied to create optically transparent conducting polymers.

Graphene-based gadgets may be just years away

Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed tiny liquid crystal devices with graphene electrodes, paving the way for computer and TV displays based on this technology. The graphene-based films are highly transparent and conductive, making them ideal for applications in various electro-optical devices.

Graphene used to create world's smallest transistor

Researchers from the University of Manchester have successfully created the world's smallest transistor using graphene, a one-atom-thick material. The breakthrough paves the way for significant advancements in nanoelectronics and could potentially solve the scaling limitations of traditional electronics.

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Graphene sniffs out dangerous molecules

Researchers have created graphene-based devices that can detect individual molecules of a toxic gas, offering potential applications for detecting hidden explosives and deadly carbon monoxide. The discovery was made by Dr Kostya Novoselov and Professor Andre Geim at the University of Manchester.

Graphene oxide paper could spawn a new class of materials

Researchers at Northwestern University have developed graphene oxide paper with superior mechanical properties, potential applications in energy storage, and the ability to be chemically tunable. The material's unique combination of electrical insulation and controlled permeability makes it suitable for various industries.

Graphene nanoelectronics: Making tomorrow's computers from a pencil trace

Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have made a breakthrough in graphene's conductive properties, demonstrating that length and width impact conduction. This finding could enable mass production of metallic graphene for use in computer chips, replacing copper as primary interconnect material.

Speed bumps less important than potholes for graphene

Researchers from NIST and Georgia Tech created detailed maps of electron interference patterns in graphene to understand how single-atom defects affect charge flow. The results show that missing carbon atoms cause strong scattering, unlike irregularities in the underlying silicon carbide.

New materials for making 'spintronic' devices

Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have devised methods to make spintronic devices based on electron spin, potentially increasing electronic device productivity. The development uses graphene-magnet multilayers and aims to create a full spectrum of spintronic devices, including re-writable microchips and transistors.

Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Invisible for electrons

Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research and University of Manchester fabricate ultra-thin membranes made of graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms. The membranes have demonstrated stability comparable to corrugated cardboard despite their thinness.

New graphene transistor promises life after death of silicon chip

Researchers at the University of Manchester have developed a new type of transistor made from graphene, which is only one atom thick and less than 50 atoms wide. This innovation could lead to the development of faster computer chips by allowing for the rapid miniaturization of electronics.

Manchester physicists pioneer new super-thin technology

Researchers at The University of Manchester have developed a new type of technology using the world's thinnest material, which can be used to sieve gases and make ultra-fast electronic switches. The discovery has significant implications for the development of medical drugs, as it will potentially allow the rapid analysis of atomic str...

Physics graduate student creates graphene resonator

A Cornell graduate student has created a graphene resonator, a single sheet of carbon atoms just one atom thick that can be used to weigh tiny masses or measure pressure. The material is also stiff and ultrathin, making it suitable for other experiments that require a thin and light membrane.

ONR sponsors award-winning nanotechnology researchers

Researchers sponsored by ONR have made groundbreaking discoveries in graphene and carbon nanotubes, leading to novel electronic devices and sensors. Their work has the potential to revolutionize industries such as electronics and materials science.

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Researchers develop foundation for circuitry and devices based on graphite

Graphene, a material that gives pencils their marking ability, has been used to produce proof-of-principle transistors, loop devices, and circuitry. The researchers hope to use graphene layers as the basis for revolutionary electronic systems that would manipulate electrons as waves rather than particles.

Einstein's relativity theory proven with the 'lead' of a pencil

Researchers have successfully tested Einstein's relativity theory using ultra-thin Graphene, a material created by extracting graphite via pencil-tracing. This breakthrough enables direct experiments to test relativistic ideas, potentially leading to groundbreaking discoveries.