Articles tagged with Materials Testing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers created an alloy of titanium, tantalum and scandium that functions for a long time even at high temperatures. By adding a few percent of scandium, the alloy avoids the unwanted omega phase, which was previously a major limitation in high-temperature shape memory alloys.
Researchers have designed a novel material exhibiting a metal-insulator transition near 600 degrees Celsius, revealing its potential for high-temperature sensors and power electronics. The discovery could inform the design of quantum materials platforms for future electronics.
Researchers have developed a new type of solid-state elastocaloric cooling material using 3D printing that exhibits exceptional fatigue resistance and efficiency. The unique nanocomposite structure produced by this method could enable the widespread use of mechanocaloric cooling materials in refrigeration applications.
Growing nanoscale polymer brushes on materials' surfaces enables the creation of diverse array of materials with tailored chemical properties. The approach allows for precise control over surface density, length and chemistry, enabling various catalysis and antibacterial applications.
The introduction of small doses of aluminum into the HA lattice enhances biocompatibility, improves matrix properties, and enables application as a coating for implants and high-temperature bioceramics
A team of researchers used micro-CT imaging to study the composition and age of 22 ancient ivory manikins, found in the Duke University collection. The study revealed that most of the manikins were composed of true elephant ivory, while some contained alternative materials such as antler or whale bone.
The NUS researchers developed a novel metal-based material using platinum and burnt paper, which is half as light as paper and can withstand temperatures up to 800°C. This material enables the creation of flexible and lightweight prosthetic limbs with real-time strain sensing capabilities.
Researchers at MIT have developed a transparent, conductive coating material that increases the electrical conductivity of high-efficiency solar cells by tenfold. The new material also enhances the stability and efficiency of perovskite-based solar cells.
A new study published in MDPI Journal C reveals that old newspapers can be used to grow single-walled carbon nanotubes on a large scale. The researchers found that the large surface area of newspapers provides an ideal substrate for chemical growth, reducing costs and increasing scalability.
Researchers will develop multiscale molecular models to design new classes of artificial materials with bioinspired dynamic properties. The project aims to explore new ways to build bioinspired materials with unprecedented dynamical properties, active materials able to perform complex functions.
A new wetsuit material with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers can help reduce injuries from White Shark bites. The study found that the new fabrics were more resistant to puncture, laceration, and bites than standard neoprene.
Researchers at FSU's High-Performance Materials Institute have developed a thin heat shield for high-speed aircraft using carbon nanotubes, known as 'buckypaper.' The material is lightweight, flexible, and durable, protecting the aircraft from intense heat while reducing weight.
New research reveals that multilayer graphene behaves differently when bent a little versus a lot, with two distinct regimes of stiffness and flexibility identified. This discovery has implications for the creation of machines that can interact with cells or biological material.
Researchers from HZDR create stable, periodically arranged nanomagnets using a helium-ion microscope. The device optimizes material properties, including carbon nanotubes, and finds applications in spintronic devices and sensing technology.
Photodetectors convert light into electric signals, crucial for data centers and IoT technologies. Drexel's MXene materials enhance sensitivity and cut costs by replacing gold, a high-demand product.
The XenonPy.MDL library offers 140,000 pre-trained machine learning models predicting 45 physical properties. Transfer learning significantly improves materials informatics research with limited data.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have created hybrid porous organic cages capable of high-performance quantum sieving for hydrogen isotope separation. The new material has excellent deuterium/hydrogen selectivity and high deuterium uptake.
Researchers have found a way to produce corundum nanoparticles using simple mechanochemistry in a ball mill, which could lead to more robust and easier-to-manufacture automotive catalysts and ceramics. The production method involves grinding lumps of boehmite in a ball mill for 3 hours and then heating them briefly.
Researchers have developed a stretchable light-emitting device that operates at low voltages and is safe for human skin. The device can be used in smart wearables, soft robotics, and human-machine interfaces.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have discovered a composite metal foam (CMF) material that surpasses traditional aluminum in leading-edge characteristics. The infused CMF exhibits improved contact angle, insect adhesion, and particle wear resistance, making it an attractive alternative for aircraft wing components.
Arapaima's scales are made of tough yet flexible layers bound by collagen, adapting to prevent piranha bites. The thick collagen layers may be the secret to its defense.
Existing fire blanket technology can shield isolated buildings from short wildfire attacks, but technological improvements are required for severe fires and high-housing-density areas. Further research is necessary to develop more effective materials and deployment methods.
Researchers at UCI have developed a new scanning transmission electron microscopy method that enables visualization of the electric charge density of materials at sub-angstrom resolution. The technique revealed the mechanism of charge transfer between two materials and uncovered clues to the origins of ferroelectricity.
New studies from Princeton University reveal that individual grains of clay and human skin shrink as they dry, leading to predictable cracking patterns. This knowledge enables the creation of advanced materials with spontaneous healing properties.
Scientists discover that tiny holes in materials like concrete increase strength by spreading force and protecting weak zones. The phenomenon only applies where strong and weak zones are unevenly distributed, and it has the potential to predict material failure.
Researchers at Drexel University developed a highly conductive, durable yarn by coating standard cellulose-based yarns with MXene. The team's conductive yarn packs more material into fibers and can be knitted using industrial knitting machines.
Scientists at Aalto University and the University of Vienna create hybrid material combining graphene and single-walled carbon nanotubes, achieving higher conductivity than either component alone. The van der Waals interaction between graphene and nanotubes enhances charge-tunneling, leading to improved electrical properties.
Researchers are developing a bulletproof vest that can sense the speed and angle of impact, then change its properties to absorb the force. The technology could also protect buildings, satellites and spacecraft from space junk and meteorites.
Researchers from MLU Halle have created a patented concept for novel diodes and transistors that utilize spintronics to improve energy efficiency. The new components combine data processing and storage with no energy loss, offering flexible reconfigurability.
Physicists have accidentally discovered a material that can change shape without breaking, a property that could lead to new applications in fields like artificial muscles and pumps. The material, called 4-DBpFO, changes shape at temperatures around 180 degrees Celsius due to molecular movement.
A preventive treatment developed by Stanford researchers could greatly reduce the incidence and severity of wildfires. The approach involves an environmentally benign gel-like fluid that helps common wildland fire retardants last longer on vegetation.
Researchers at UTA are exploring ceramic and non-metallic materials to fabricate advanced temperature and heat flux sensors for hypersonic flight systems. The new additive manufacturing concept aims to provide reliable measurements in harsh environmental conditions.
Researchers at Nagoya University have developed colorful pigments by combining fine silica particles and iron tannic acid, a safe and inexpensive alternative to conventional harmful color materials. The new pigments can be adjusted in color and viewing angle, opening up possibilities for everyday life.
A research group used materials informatics to identify a high-capacity and stable organic material for lithium-ion secondary cells. By combining empirical knowledge and machine learning, they successfully obtained a material with improved capacity, durability, and quick charge-discharge property.
Scientists have created a durable and flexible super-water-repelling material by drawing inspiration from the spiky yet flexible skin of the porcupinefish. The material retains its water repellency after being repeatedly bent or twisted, making it suitable for applications such as self-cleaning, anti-icing, and corrosion prevention.
Scientists are developing novel tissue engineering techniques using everyday materials such as ice, eggshells, and spinach. These biomaterials are more functional, sustainable, and cost-effective than traditional methods.
Pink sea urchin teeth are specially equipped to sharpen themselves through a controlled chipping mechanism, maintaining their sharp edge. The unique structure of the teeth, consisting of ceramic composites and calcite fibers, allows for this self-sharpening process, which is also relevant for designing synthetic materials.
A new bio-based material has been created by combining wood cellulose fibres and spider silk protein found in spider web threads, exhibiting high strength and stiffness along with increased toughness. The researchers achieved this by aligning cellulose nanofibrils into a stiff scaffold and infiltrating it with a soft and energy-dissipa...
Researchers at Lehigh University have developed a novel approach to determine when patients with tibial fractures can bear weight. The study used low-dose computed tomography scans and finite element analysis software to create 3D mechanical structural models that identified the regions of bone and new bone, or callus.
Physicists have discovered a new material that significantly increases the conversion rate of spin current to charge current, paving the way for future spintronic applications. The new material is more efficient than any previously investigated material, with potential to reduce energy loss and heat generation in devices.
A new £11.2 million research consortium led by Professor Saiful Islam at the University of Bath aims to develop next-generation lithium batteries for electric vehicles with improved cost, performance, and range.
The guideline covers the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, invasive candidiasis, and three common endemic mycoses. Effective treatment depends on rapid and accurate diagnosis, with recommendations for laboratory tests such as galactomannan testing and polymerase chain reaction approaches.
A team of engineers and psychologists at UC San Diego discovered clever tricks to design materials that replicate different levels of perceived softness. The findings provide fundamental insights into designing tactile materials and haptic interfaces that can recreate realistic touch sensations.
Binghamton University has acquired a $1.75 million HArd X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy system, the third of its kind worldwide and first outside Europe. This HAXPES system allows researchers to analyze materials without disassembling them, providing detailed information about chemical and electronic structures.
Researchers developed self-folding soft robots inspired by origami, using 3D-printed active hinges that can be programmed to fold at different temperatures. The Rollbot, a flat sheet that curls into a wheel and propels itself, demonstrates the method's capabilities.
Scientists have successfully generated terahertz waves by applying an electric current to a material with precisely chosen properties. The discovery paves the way for potential applications in data transmission and material penetration.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have mapped how electronegativity and electron configuration change under pressure, enabling quick predictions about element behavior. The study reveals new possibilities for suggesting experiments to improve understanding of elements.
A research team from Aalto University developed a novel strategy to create virus-based materials for catalysis. The new phthalocyanine derivative was synthesised and combined with tobacco mosaic virus, resulting in a highly ordered fibrous material that remains active despite being immobilised.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered a new mechanism for bending metals that challenges previous understanding. By creating narrow bands with an amorphous configuration, they found that certain materials can bend without fracturing, potentially leading to stronger and more durable military vehicles.
Researchers have designed plastic-based materials that can store natural gas more effectively, achieving a high deliverable gravimetric methane working capacity. The developed material, COP-150, has a total cost of only $1 USD per kilogram and can be produced using freely available plastic materials.
Researchers developed a calcium-based conservation treatment that enhances hydrophobicity, reduces cracking and improves surface adhesion on various building materials. The treatment, inspired by natural structures like bone and kidney stones, provides improved acid resistance and minimal color effect.
Scientists predict potential failure sites in disordered materials like cellular foams and fiber networks by analyzing network connections. They used geodesic edge betweenness centrality to identify the most critical edges and predicted failure locations with high accuracy.
Researchers at Siberian Federal University and Royal Institute of Technology discover palladium diselenide, a promising material for more efficient solar cells. The material can absorb solar energy more efficiently than silicon-based materials, increasing the efficiency of solar cells.
Researchers observe novel phase of matter, excitonic insulator, in antimony nanoflakes, which could lead to breakthroughs in low-energy electronics. The findings provide a new strategy to search for excitonic insulators and potentially carry exotic superfluids.
Researchers at James Cook University have successfully 3D printed fuel grains for hybrid rockets, testing six compounds including Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), to optimize performance and safety.
SwRI's team will develop a more accurate and cost-effective model to predict failure and cracking in combat situations. The goal is to create tougher and safer vehicles for soldiers by improving the Army's daily modeling process.
Researchers successfully applied machine learning to discover innovative materials with desired properties from limited data. The study identifies thousands of promising virtual polymers with high thermal conductivity, outperforming typical polyimides.
A new material developed by the KIST-Stanford team exhibits high stretchability, high electrical conductivity, and self-healability. The material was tested as an interconnect and successfully transmitted biometric signals from a human body to a robotic arm, mimicking human movements in real-time.
Researchers used machine learning to design novel polymers with superior heat transfer properties. The method achieved outstanding prediction performance even with limited data sets, leading to the identification of promising 'virtual' polymers.
Researchers have discovered a new thermoelectric material that works efficiently at room temperature, requiring less expensive materials like magnesium. The material's production could close the performance gap with traditional bismuth-tellurium-based alloys, expanding the use of thermoelectric modules for cooling.