Articles tagged with Materials Testing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Engineers at the University of Sheffield are developing more effective bomb protection systems by studying explosions in detail. The project aims to provide a better understanding of blast loading and its effects on structures, enabling the design of safer buildings and materials.
Cornell chemists found that pores in two-dimensional molecular building blocks fundamentally change van der Waals forces, altering nanostructure assembly. The study provides new insight into self-assembly and design of complex nanostructures with diverse functionalities.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a new technique to assess radiation exposure using insulator materials found in electronics, enabling rapid triage in radiological disasters. The high-throughput method can accurately identify individuals exposed to high levels of radiation within an hour.
Researchers at Drexel University have discovered a buckling phenomenon in layered materials when subjected to pressure, which could revolutionize the way we study deformation. The 'ripplocations' observed in experiments with cards and metals demonstrate non-linear elastic behavior that precedes material failure.
Scientists developed a nonmagnetic high-pressure cell to preserve neutron spin polarization, enabling three-dimensional analysis of electron spin arrangements. This technique has potential applications in developing new materials with multiferroic properties and controlling spins.
Researchers at MIT and Sandia National Laboratories have developed a new laser-based system that can monitor radiation-induced changes continuously, providing more useful data much faster than traditional methods. This allows for detailed studies of the performance of materials in just hours, instead of months.
Susan Fullerton is developing all 2D materials for next-generation electronics, with potential applications in information storage, brain-inspired computing, and security. Her research uses a novel approach to ion utilization, which could represent a paradigm shift in high-performance computing.
Researchers have developed an adhesive that can strongly adhere to wet materials like hydrogel and living tissue, and be easily detached with specific frequencies of light. This technology has the potential to enable painless detachment of wound dressings and transdermal drug delivery devices.
Researchers developed a biodegradable and renewable composite material from date palm fibre biomass, showing increased tensile strength and improved impact resistance. The material has the potential to reduce fuel consumption and C0<sub>2</sub> emissions in vehicles.
MIT engineers develop a new technique to test soft materials' properties by mimicking the sound sequences used by bats and dolphins in echolocation. This approach enables rapid characterization of materials such as drying cement, clotting blood, or saliva over time.
Researchers have discovered a new non-porous material with unique 'auxetic' stretching properties, allowing it to thicken when stretched. This discovery has significant benefits for the development of products with wide range applications, including body armour, architecture and medical equipment.
An international team has reported the induction of helimagnetism in a simple cubic crystal by carefully selecting ions of different size. Systematically replacing strontium ions with larger barium ions caused the lattice to expand until ferromagnetic order was disrupted, resulting in helimagnetism.
Researchers observed flexible changes on crystal surfaces using real-time imaging, finding porous coordination polymer crystals can dynamically change shape when introduced to guest molecules. This property makes them attractive for developing devices that selectively adsorb gas molecules.
A small survey of patients with diabetes found that 1 in 4 reported underusing insulin due to cost concerns. Poor glycemic control was a common result of this underuse. The study emphasizes the importance of making insulin more affordable.
Researchers from the University of Sydney develop a new X-ray method called X-ray rheography, which allows scientists to see flowing grains within opaque materials. The technique uses Sudoku-style puzzle-solving to gather information and has helped uncover unique patterns and waves in granular flows.
University of Wisconsin-Madison researchers develop a material that can transition from an insulator to a conductor without changing its atomic structure, enabling faster switching speeds in advanced devices. The breakthrough uses a dual-layer sandwich structure to stabilize the material's unique properties.
Researchers developed software that uses physics of cloud formation to create more lifelike images. The technique allows for more control over particle arrangement, enabling a wider range of artistic options and a more accurate depiction of real-world physics.
Researchers identify silicon contamination in graphene, which has hindered its performance. By removing contamination, the material's full potential is revealed, doubling its performance and enabling the creation of high-capacity supercapacitors and sensitive humidity sensors.
Researchers at the University of New Hampshire have discovered new materials that can convert sunlight and CO2 into building blocks for liquid fuels. These materials mimic the process of photosynthesis in green plants, offering a promising approach for recycling CO2.
Researchers at the University of Extremadura have demonstrated electromagnetic invisibility of objects using an alternative technique based on filler cloaking. This method makes objects invisible from the interior without using any external device.
Researchers have created a new method to efficiently extract rare-earth metals, including scandium, from aluminium industry waste. This innovation could reduce environmental hazards and conserve mining resources.
A new advance in battery design has been made by Osaka University researchers who developed a material with highly mobile potassium ions that can easily migrate in response to electric fields. This work may lead to cheaper and safer replacements for lithium-ion batteries, benefiting electric cars and consumer electronics.
Brown University researchers have developed a new smart material made from alginate and graphene oxide that is stiffer and more fracture-resistant than alginate alone. The material can also become softer or stiffer in response to different chemical treatments, making it useful for dynamic cell cultures and coatings.
A University of Melbourne researcher has developed an organic, non-combustible and lightweight cladding core using ceramic particles activated by electrical cable insulation. This breakthrough material has been tested to withstand temperatures of 750 degrees Celsius and achieves Australian and International Standards on combustibility.
Researchers at the University of Edinburgh developed a cost-effective method to create high-performance energy devices and diagnostic tests using nanoparticles. The electrospinning technique, which produces nanofibres with high surface area, has been successfully tested in fuel cell applications.
Researchers have developed a new method to calculate the behavior of chromium nitride, a magnetic material used in industry and thermoelectric systems. The study found that spin-lattice coupling causes an anomalous shortening of phonon lifetime, leading to poor heat conductivity.
Researchers have developed a new platform for studying 2D magnetism, which could lead to breakthroughs in quantum computing, sensing technologies, and superconductors. The discovery of novel materials with specific functionality could also deepen our understanding of fundamental issues in condensed matter physics.
A joint research team used materials informatics to identify two new superconducting materials, SnBi2Se4 and PbBi2Te4. The newly developed method efficiently explored new materials with desirable properties, including superb thermoelectric properties.
Researchers at Linköping University discover that hypothetical particles called 'hysterons' exist in organic ferroelectric materials, explaining their unique behavior and properties. The study reveals that the material's nanostructure plays a crucial role in its switching process.
A new method has been developed to efficiently harvest 2-D materials at the wafer scale, opening up opportunities for flexible electronics. This technique allows researchers to separate individual monolayers of 2-D material in just a few minutes, paving the way for commercialization.
Researchers at Duke University used a supercomputer to computationally predict the optical properties of layered hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites, opening new material design space for light-based devices. The study successfully matched experimental observations, proving the accuracy of computational models.
Scientists from the University of Liverpool have synthesized a highly active organic photocatalyst that can harness sunlight to produce hydrogen fuel. The discovery was made through a combination of experiment and computation, revealing basic design principles for future catalysts.
Researchers at Penn State discover unique properties of halide perovskites that enable efficient conversion of sunlight into electricity, guiding the development of next-generation solar cells. The study's findings provide insights into how to improve the performance and stability of these materials.
The DFG has approved a collaborative Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat at TU Dresden and JMU Würzburg, aiming to establish a globally leading centre for quantum materials research. The cluster will focus on understanding, controlling and applying topological states of quantum matter.
Researchers at RMIT University and UNSW have developed a rapid nano-filter that can clean dirty water up to 100 times faster than current technology. The filter harnesses naturally occurring nano-structures on liquid metals, making it sustainable, environmentally-friendly, scalable, and low-cost.
Researchers have designed a novel photoluminescent material that emits blue light when excited and is stable under ambient conditions. The material, Cs3Cu2I5, has potential applications in optical and electronic devices, including white luminescent films and blue LEDs.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology have discovered a new ultrasonic wave phenomenon that enables precise and nondestructive detection of fatigue and early damage in thin plate materials. This technology surpasses conventional methods, allowing for accurate evaluation of material damage even before it occurs.
A study by Durham University found that industry-certified particle masks are most effective at protecting people from volcanic ash, while surgical masks offer less protection. The study also showed that cloth materials like bandanas and T-shirts provide very poor filtration.
Researchers developed a simple, inexpensive technique to create large-scale sheets of two-dimensional piezoelectric material, allowing integration onto silicon chips and expansion into surface manufacturing. The method enables the production of free-standing GaPO4 nanosheets for piezo-sensors and energy harvesting applications.
Researchers from Chile and international institutions have discovered a critical event right before the death of a star, revealing a previously unknown flash in Type II Supernovae. This breakthrough was made possible by using unique data analysis techniques developed in Chile, including machine learning and high-performance computing.
Researchers found that Sicilian amber traveled to Western Europe as early as the 4th Millennium BC, at least 2,000 years before Baltic amber arrived in Iberia. This challenges previous suggestions of direct trade between Scandinavia and Iberia.
Researchers developed a new material that is 18 times more efficient in computing processing and memory compared to current materials. The discovery uses a quantum material with unique spin-electronic properties.
Scientists use artificial materials with no natural imperfections to study physical effects that would be hard to see in real electronic materials. They make one of the first observations of a mobility edge in a low-dimensional system, showing an energy-dependent insulator-to-conductor transition.
Researchers have discovered a way to make a thin material that enhances the flow of microwave energy by exploiting domain walls. This discovery could improve telecommunications by expanding the range of frequencies used as communications channels.
A team at NYU Tandon School of Engineering has developed a method to convert QR codes into complex features hidden within 3D printed parts. The researchers found that this innovation can effectively authenticate genuine parts and prevent counterfeiting, particularly in high-risk sectors such as biomedical and aerospace.
Researchers at CityU developed a novel ceramic ink to print flexible and stretchable ceramic precursors, enabling complex shapes like origami folding. These precursors can undergo self-reshaping after heat treatment, resulting in mechanically robust and high-strength ceramics.
Researchers design a functionally graded material to minimize the tradeoff between flexibility and strength, achieving optimal balance in both elasticity and rigidity. This technology has wide applications in various fields, including engineering, medicine, and soft robotics.
Scientists have developed a new method to shuttle lithium ions into the crystal structure of samarium nickelate, a quantum material with exotic electronic properties. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient energy storage and novel applications in computing.
Scientists have developed a new class of materials inspired by squid DNA that can control thermal conductivity, which could lead to improved fabrics for athletic wear. The materials' thermal conductivity increases dramatically when wet, allowing them to 'flip' a switch and remove heat from the body.
Steel researcher Peter Felfer receives a 1.5 million euro grant to investigate the damage caused by hydrogen at the atomic level. He aims to build an atom probe that can differentiate between hydrogen in the material and environment.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a new technique to control self-folding three-dimensional structures by applying templates to constrain deformation. The technique creates complex shapes without cutting or printing, and can be executed at low temperatures.
New class of materials has been identified that can be used to make batteries that charge faster. Lithium ions move through the materials at rates that exceed typical electrode materials, resulting in a much faster-charging battery. The researchers found that these materials, known as niobium tungsten oxides, do not result in higher en...
Louis Taillefer is recognized for seminal magneto-transport studies on heavy-fermion and cuprate superconductors, advancing understanding of superconductivity and its potential for room-temperature applications.
Researchers analyzed protein and RNA from routine breast cancer tests to distinguish between cancer and benign lesions, yielding 100% accurate results. This method may also aid in subtyping breast cancer, determining therapy options, and monitoring disease progression.
Researchers at MIT have designed a polymer material that can change its structure in response to different wavelengths of light, converting from rigid to softer and self-healing states. The material, composed of polymers attached to a light-sensitive molecule, can reversibly switch between two different topological states.
Researchers found that folding graphene significantly enhances its mechanical properties, leading to increased stiffness, strength, and toughness in polymer composites. The folded structure can sustain larger bending forces compared to stacked layers, making it an efficient strategy for incorporating large-area monolayer graphene films.
Magnetic skyrmions can form through different mechanisms in separate phases of the same material, offering new possibilities for stable and compact magnetic storage. The discovery was made possible by collaboration between experimental and theoretical physicists and is published in Nature Physics.
Research suggests that men will purchase more expensive engagement rings when imagining themselves with an attractive woman, while women prioritize larger rings with their less attractive partner. Women who rate themselves as physically attractive also opt for pricier rings.
A group of researchers from Aalto University and Sun Yat-sen University present a rigorous methodology for measuring wetting, proposing a universal procedure for the research community. This approach allows comparison between research groups to promote the development of new wetting materials.
Researchers at Osaka University synthesized S- and X-shaped double hexahelicenes, enhancing their chiroptical performance. Their study demonstrated the possibility of using these molecules as ideal chiral materials for advanced technologies.