Articles tagged with Materials Testing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists at NUST MISIS have developed a new rapid-test that can accurately diagnose acute myocardial infarction and identify sepsis in just 10 minutes. The test uses immunochromatography principles and detects disease markers in blood, allowing for early treatment intervention.
Researchers have improved optical rectenna efficiency by two-fold, using air-stable diode materials. The devices can convert electromagnetic fields at optical frequencies to electrical current, enabling low-power applications like temperature sensors.
Researchers at Tohoku University have developed a new phase change material, Cr2Ge2Te6, that achieves a significant reduction in power consumption for data recording in phase change memory (PCRAM). The material exhibits an inverse resistance change and combines low operation energy, high data retention, and fast operation speed.
Researchers discover mechanism responsible for limit on indium content in InGaN thin films, affecting blue light emitting diodes. A regular pattern of atoms within the monolayer limits indium concentration to 25-30%.
The KAUST team has developed a methodology for acquiring atomic-resolution images of beam-sensitive materials, such as metal organic frameworks, using transmission electron microscopy. This enables the precise alignment and determination of defocus values, reducing the procedure to a near-routine process.
Scientists at KIT create friction-optimized metal alloys using a unique approach that combines friction experiments with non-destructive testing methods, data science algorithms, and high-resolution electron microscopy. The goal is to develop materials with tailored friction and wear behavior, which could lead to significant energy sav...
Researchers from Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) have developed a new insulating material using microscopic bubbles, creating an ultra-insulating brick called Aerobrick. This innovation outperforms traditional insulation methods by up to 35%.
Researchers at UC Riverside have discovered a unique structure in the mantis shrimp's club that protects it from self-inflicted damage, enabling the development of ultra-strong materials. The club's striated region wraps around the club to prevent catastrophic cracking, similar to hand wraps used by boxers.
The Manufacturing Immortality Project aims to create materials with self-healing properties, combining biological and non-biological components. Researchers hope to develop consumer goods like smartphones with self-healing screens within the next three years.
Researchers at Technical University of Munich use biofilms to guide microorganisms in creating tailor-made templates for new materials. This process utilizes light, heat, and other stimuli to control the movement of microbes, enabling the creation of complex networks with natural structures.
Rice University scientists found that porous particles of calcium and silicate show potential as building blocks for various applications. When assembled into micron-sized sheets and pellets, the arrays held up better under pressure, with bigger individual nanoparticles being 120% tougher than smaller ones.
Researchers at CUNY's Advanced Science Research Center discovered a process to create a diamond-like material from two-layer graphene that becomes harder than diamond upon impact. This innovation has potential applications in wear-resistant protective coatings and ultra-light bullet-proof films.
Researchers have successfully engineered artificial graphene in a nanofabricated semiconductor structure, offering more versatile properties than natural graphene. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new electronic switches, transistors, and storage methods based on exotic quantum mechanical states.
Researchers have developed a new method for 3D printing metals that achieve exceptional strength and ductility. The breakthrough uses ultrafast cooling rates, resulting in non-equilibrium states that lead to improved mechanical properties.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have developed a new 'double-glazed' solar power device that uses gas to transport electrical energy, unlike existing solar panels. This innovative approach could lead to improved solar power generation methods and open up new possibilities for advanced photovoltaics.
Researchers successfully created a molecular chain composed of freely rotating loops, a significant breakthrough after decades of failure. The new technique could lead to the development of materials and machines with unique properties, such as improved flexibility and tunability.
Researchers at MIT, Cornell, and King Abdullah University developed a technique to create long, thin MoS2 channels in WSe2. The discovery could lead to more efficient solar cells and the assembly of atom-scale electronic components.
Researchers develop biomimetic drive elements inspired by pine cones, which can open and close without energy consumption. The goal is to optimize building energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at NIST develop a new approach to testing multilayered, three-dimensional computer chips using microwaves. This method provides real-time insight into material performance and defects, potentially reducing electromigration issues and improving chip stability.
Researchers found that boron incorporation in InGaN material reduces electron collisions, increasing LED efficiency. The boron-based BInGaN material can be grown on top of GaN using existing techniques, making it suitable for high-power and efficient visible LEDs.
Physicists at Bielefeld University discovered a new material that can generate magnetic signals, known as 'spin currents', from heat, increasing efficiency. The researchers tested various combinations of thin films and found that materials with special electronic structures produced stronger spin currents.
Researchers at Princeton University have developed a new approach to increase the conductivity of organic semiconductors, which could lead to more widespread use of organic electronics. The breakthrough involves using a ruthenium-containing compound that adds electrons to the semiconductor, increasing its conductivity by about a millio...
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a novel material synthesis method that utilizes protons to introduce ions into host materials. This liquid-free process enables the homogenous introduction of various ions, such as lithium and sodium, into tantalum sulfide, maintaining its crystallinity.
Researchers at KIT have developed innovative fluorescent 3D structures to improve counterfeit protection in products like bank notes, pharmaceuticals, and car spare parts. These new security features can be easily integrated into various applications to prevent product piracy and counterfeiting.
Soft magnetic materials are crucial for designing efficient electric machines, but current characterization methods are inadequate for applications like traction drives. Researchers offer improvements to guide the selection of the most suitable material.
Researchers at MIT and Harvard created a light-harvesting material that can absorb and transfer energy along precise pathways. The synthetic material uses densely packed clusters of pigments organized on DNA scaffolds to mimic natural photosynthetic structures.
Researchers have developed a new material for clothing that can cool people down without external energy needed, using a nanocomposite thread made from boron nitride and polyvinyl alcohol. The fabric is more efficient at moving heat away from the body than pure polyvinyl alcohol or cotton fabrics.
A new AI system can analyze a large dataset of research papers to extract recipes for producing specific materials. The system can identify paragraphs containing recipes and classify words within those paragraphs according to their roles, allowing scientists and engineers to access detailed instructions for material production.
The Agreement on Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation aims to improve movement of researchers and equipment, share data and metadata, and transfer traditional knowledge across territories. Effective implementation will balance national interests with common goals for the benefit of all stakeholders in the region.
Scientists used gold nanoparticles with molybdenum disulfide to study strain occurring when a semiconductor contacts a conductor at the nanoscale. They demonstrated localized strain of 1.4% using Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, a unique technology that combines optical and atomic force microscopy.
A novel technique has enabled researchers to unravel complex physical processes during fracture in microscopic detail and in real time.
A team of UCSB researchers created a dry polymeric system that maintains its stretchiness while becoming stiffer and tougher with the addition of iron coordination bonds. The material has potential applications in coatings and impact-resistant materials.
Scientists have discovered that the moon's mantle is composed of orthopyroxene, not olivine, contrary to previous assumptions. This finding challenges models for the formation and evolution of the Moon and its differences from Earth.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed guidelines to understand auxetic materials that become thicker when stretched, applicable for protective sports equipment, body armor and biomedical devices. The new tools aim to democratize auxetic design, making it accessible to engineers from novice to advanced experience levels.
A newly engineered material, MeTro sealant, has been developed to seal lung tissue without sutures, showing complete sealing and evidence of promoting wound healing in laboratory tests. The sealant is derived from human protein and has improved biocompatibility compared to existing synthetic sealants.
Researchers at Kyushu University have successfully demonstrated persistent luminescence from organic materials, achieving long-lived emission lasting over an hour. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize various fields, including bio-imaging and safety applications.
Researchers at CIC nanoGUNE developed a photovoltaic device using magnetic materials as electrodes, increasing efficiency by 14%. The device produces alternating current directly, eliminating the need for transformers. Further improvements are being pursued to build more efficient solar modules.
The study reveals that the anisotropic Qf value is caused by anisotropic electron conductivity and anisotropic bonding strength in the superstructure. The researchers achieved a five-fold increase in Qf parallel to the c-axis compared to perpendicular to it.
The University of Washington is home to a new national center for research, education, and training in materials science. The center will focus on nanocrystals and thin films with potential applications in clean energy, photonics, and quantum computing.
The Cornell Center for Materials Research has been awarded $23.2 million in NSF funding for six years, a 26% increase from the 2011 award. This funding supports research projects focused on spin manipulation, light-matter interactions and 3D systems.
A CWRU researcher led an international team to develop functional materials inspired by nature, including sticky and durable caddisfly silk and sea cucumber skin. The research aims to create materials with wide range of practical uses, such as soft-sided robots for search-and rescue missions.
The Northwestern University Materials Research Science and Engineering Center has received a six-year, $15.6 million grant from the National Science Foundation to advance world-class materials research, education, and outreach. The center will support interdisciplinary research groups focusing on reconfigurable nanoelectronic materials...
Researchers enhanced spider silk with graphene-based materials, boosting its mechanical properties by up to three times the strength and ten times the toughness. The modified silks show promising applications in high-performance or biodegradable textiles such as parachutes or medical dressings.
Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery about the optical properties of glass, finding that stable glasses can exhibit birefringence despite having no molecular orientation. This unique property allows for the creation of scratch-free coatings and materials with different mechanical properties.
Researchers at MIT's CSAIL developed a printer-ink material that expands after solidification, allowing the creation of self-folding devices. The technique enables the custom manufacture of sensors, displays, or antennas with three-dimensional shapes.
Researchers discovered how oxygen alters MoS2's electronic and optical properties, enabling tunable optical band gaps. This knowledge sheds light on modifying the material's properties for various applications.
A UK study found that individuals who started viewing sexually explicit material at a younger age were more likely to engage in sexual activity at an earlier age. The research also revealed a correlation between ongoing exposure and having multiple sexual partners, particularly among women.
A team of materials designers led by Dynamic Research Inc. won the grand prize of $500,000 for developing a novel material with an unusual geometric structure that can absorb or mitigate force within helmets and other protective gear, reducing impact by over 70%. The winning entry has potential to support innovation and stimulate the m...
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University have discovered that tiny holes and cracks in materials can control electric charge through friction. The findings could lead to better adhesion for agricultural pesticides, paints, and other applications, while also preventing damage from static electricity.
Researchers developed a new theory to understand how cracks propagate, revealing a nonlinear relationship between forces and material response near the crack's edge. This discovery may lead to better understanding of material failures and development of new strategies for protecting the environment.
UCSB researchers developed a new type of dental composite inspired by mussel mechanisms to adhere to surfaces. The material provides an extra layer of durability, potentially leading to longer-lasting fillings and crowns.
Researchers have created a new type of rubber that can self-heal, offering potential applications in durable tires, wearable electronics, and medical devices. The hybrid rubber combines covalent and reversible bonds to achieve its unique properties.
A team at MIT has carried out detailed tests that resolve the questions surrounding a compound called lithium iodide, a possible solution to some of the lithium-air battery's problems. The study finds that LiI can enhance water's reactivity and interfere with charging, but suggests ways to suppress these reactions to make it work better.
Researchers at VTT have discovered the frictional mechanism behind water repellency on inclined surfaces. By understanding this phenomenon, they can predict sliding of drops off surfaces and develop hydrophobic materials with improved wettability.
Hybrid materials combining organic and inorganic components show promise for various applications, including optics and biomedicine. The materials display enhanced photophysical properties, such as anisotropic response to polarized light and artificial antenna effects.
Researchers develop a new material with nanohydroxyapatite and green tea polyphenol EGCG to combat tooth sensitivity. The material plugged dentin tubules, released EGCG for 96 hours, and prevented biofilm formation, showing low toxicity.
A team of researchers has observed nonreciprocal magnons in a noncentrosymmetric antiferromagnet for the first time, showcasing a new regime of magnetic materials. This phenomenon has significant implications for magnon-based electronics, such as spin-wave field-effect transistors.
Researchers developed a light-responsive crystalline material that overcomes previous challenges in creating 'photoresponsive' materials. The material changes its porous nature when exposed to light, allowing for repeatable and reversible changes.
Researchers at Pitt Engineering have created synthetic materials that mimic the behavior of living organisms, enabling self-recognition and self-regulation in devices. The findings were published in PNAS and demonstrate potential applications for mechano-responsive materials with tunable self-awareness.
Researchers at MIT and Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed triggerable tough hydrogels that can expand in the GI tract for days, slowly releasing medication. The materials, made from two intertwined polymer networks, can be triggered to self-destruct in case of an allergic reaction.