Articles tagged with Materials Testing
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have developed a new technique to study anisotropic materials, capturing full complexity of light behavior in these materials. The method revealed detailed insights into how light scatters differently along various directions within materials, allowing retrieval of scattering tensor coefficients.
Researchers develop AI-driven catalyst discovery and simulate complex interactions to enhance hydrogen generation, carbon capture, and energy storage efficiency. The project aims to create a knowledgeable and skilled workforce capable of addressing critical challenges in the clean energy transition.
Researchers at Aston University have created a potential treatment for bone cancer using gallium-doped bioactive glasses, which has shown a 99% success rate in killing osteosarcoma cells. The therapy also promotes early stages of bone formation and regenerates diseased bones.
Researchers have found that MXene catalysts are more stable and efficient than metal oxide compounds for the oxygen evolution reaction. The discovery holds promise for developing low-cost, high-performance electrolysers for producing green hydrogen.
A new filtration material developed by MIT researchers uses natural silk and cellulose to remove persistent chemicals, including PFAS and heavy metals. The material's antimicrobial properties help keep filters clean, providing a nature-based solution to water contamination.
Researchers developed a novel strategy for designing MOFs, merging bottom-up and top-down approaches to explore structures based on metal clusters. The Up-Down Approach enables the creation of novel materials with tailored properties, including high chemical stability and diverse chemical properties.
Researchers found metal bats produce exit speeds 5% faster than wood bats, especially on optimal hits. The USA Baseball standard bats offer a similar performance to wood, making them acceptable for leagues.
Researchers have identified specific materials that can effectively block harmful space radiation on Mars, including plastics, rubber, and synthetic fibers. The findings provide crucial insights for designing protective habitats and spacesuits, paving the way for safer long-duration Mars missions.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a water-enhancing gel that lasts longer and is significantly more effective than existing commercial gels. The new gel creates a silica-based aerogel shield that protects structures from heat and flames, offering enhanced and long-lasting wildfire protection.
The WVU team, led by Yu Gu, is testing Loopy's ability to 'co-design' itself and learn to mark contaminated areas. Inspired by natural phenomena like ant swarms and tree roots, Loopy changes form in response to its environment.
A research project, ACCELERATE, aims to significantly reduce operational qualification time and cost in additive manufacturing by improving validation through detailed tasks and documentation. The project will tackle various aspects of AM operations, including facility controls, operator training, software configuration, and process mo...
Researchers at Stanford University developed a nanoparticle platform to make vaccines more effective against various pathogens. The platform allows for the elicitation of different immune responses, enabling the identification of the most effective type of protection.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have demonstrated a technique for creating strain sensors that can function both in air and underwater. The sensors, called 'amphibious,' enable applications such as wildlife monitoring and biomedical research.
Researchers developed a technique that leverages component-based reduced order modeling to analyze composite laminates. The 'Lego-like' construction method offers improved speed and accuracy, making it a viable alternative to traditional finite-element analysis.
A new national standard approved by AASHTO COMP uses Purdue-developed sensor technology to provide real-time data on concrete strength, potentially saving states and contractors time and money. The method aims to reduce uncertainty in determining when concrete pavement is strong enough to handle heavy truck traffic.
Researchers developed an approach to boost cellulose production in bacteria by inducing mutations through UV-C light. This method produced bacterial variants that generate up to 70% more cellulose than the original form, paving the way for industrial-scale production of sustainable materials.
Researchers developed a system that passively alternates between capturing and generating water, eliminating manual labor requirements. The system uses mass transport bridges to optimize efficiency and effectiveness, producing 2-3 liters of water per square meter daily.
Researchers have discovered a method to identify shark species using medical gauze from first-aid kits after bite incidents. This approach can provide accurate and timely information on species, aiding prevention measures and reducing incidents.
Terasaki Institute scientists have created a novel bioink derived from egg whites, offering abundant proteins and excellent biocompatibility. This breakthrough technology has the potential to create more accurate tissue models for drug testing and develop functional tissue replacements for regenerative medicine applications.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed biodegradable and recyclable luminescent polymers that can break down under heat or mild acid. The material showed a tenfold increase in light-emitting efficiency, making it suitable for applications such as displays and medical imaging.
A study published in Science Advances investigated the formation of cracks in a nickel-base alloy. The researchers found that one widely-held hypothesis does not apply to this alloy and discovered new information about crack initiation. This breakthrough helps lay the groundwork for better predictions of hydrogen embrittlement.
Researchers have created a cost-effective and efficient method to test seabed soil when designing offshore wind farms. The new device, based on a modified speargun, can penetrate sandy seabeds more effectively than existing probes, offering significant time and cost savings.
The team created stable microbial therapeutics using synthetic extremophiles, maintaining potency and function over time despite extreme temperatures and harsh manufacturing processes. These formulations have potential applications in healthcare, agriculture, and space exploration.
The Purdue researchers created a patent-pending process to develop ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloys suitable for additive manufacturing. The alloys exhibit high strength and beneficial large plastic deformability, exceeding the range of traditional high-strength aluminum alloys.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a flexible and durable bioelectrode material composed of single-wall carbon nanotubes on a stretchable poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) nanosheet. The material showed impressive flexibility, high water vapor permeability and resilience for extended use.
A team of researchers from Drexel University and UCLA used scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy to study the surface chemical structure of titanium carbide MXene. They found features on the surface, including titanium oxide clusters and functional groups, which could explain MXene's extreme properties and potential applications.
A new study by UC Berkeley researchers finds that tampons from various brands contain toxic metals, including lead and arsenic. The findings highlight the potential public health risks associated with tampon use.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH) made a small change to develop highly efficient SOT materials. By creating an imbalance in the spin-Hall effect, they controlled magnetization switching without magnetic fields, achieving 2-130 times higher efficiency and lower power consumption than known single-layer ...
Scientists at Tohoku University have discovered a new magnetic material that generates terahertz waves with an intensity four times higher than typical materials. This breakthrough enables the development of efficient terahertz wave emitters for various industrial fields, including imaging and medical diagnostics.
Researchers are developing advanced electronic bandages to improve chronic wound monitoring and healing. These 'smart' dressings can sense and respond to changing conditions, providing continuous data on healing and potential complications.
Researchers developed a new method to identify altermagnets using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and theoretically predicted its fingerprint. The approach was successfully applied to manganese telluride (α-MnTe), revealing the material's hidden fingerprint of altermagnetism, which could accelerate spintronics applications.
A new type of dart launcher has been developed as a safer and more cost-effective alternative to firearms or air guns for injecting animals with drugs. The prototype uses electromagnetic coils and lidar technology to deliver a projectile with controlled kinetic energy.
The ELITE satellite, scheduled for completion by 2025, will validate new satellite technologies and study unique conditions of Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) and the Earth's surface. The satellite is equipped with a special electric propulsion system and will operate in VLEO, a relatively unexplored region of space.
A Trinity College Dublin team, led by Professor David Taylor, has developed a machine to study hair splitting using biomechanics. The 'Moving Loop Fatigue machine' recreates the damage caused by combing tangled hair, revealing that split ends split more quickly and generated longer splits.
A team of researchers from Japan have employed an innovative technique to directly observe the origin of FSDP and the atomic density fluctuations in silica (SiO2) glass. The study reveals alternating arrangements of chain-like columnar atomic configurations and interstitial tube-like voids.
Scientists have engineered materials that are both stiff and excellent thermal insulators, opening up new possibilities for applications such as electronic device coatings. The discovery allows for controlling the material's properties through composition adjustments.
Researchers at MIT found that copper can be as strong as steel when struck by a super-high velocity object, contradicting decades of studies. The new discovery could lead to new material designs for extreme environments, such as hypersonic aircraft and equipment for high-speed manufacturing processes.
A team of researchers at Nagoya University has developed a novel method to seal cracks and fractures in rocks using a concretion-forming resin. The resin holds its shape and seals flow-paths rapidly, withstanding six earthquakes in a test period, making it more durable than conventional cement-based materials.
This study investigates the impact of Zeolitic tuffs on the dynamic creep and tensile performance of Superpave asphalt mixtures. The results show that incorporating Zeolitic tuffs improves the mixtures' resistance to rutting and fatigue, with enhanced performance at 25% and 50% filler concentrations.
Researchers developed adhesive hydrogel coatings that eliminate fibrosis, a common issue with medical implants. The coatings bind devices to tissue and prevent the immune system from attacking them.
A US Army research collaboration with Boston University's KABlab used an AI machine learning robot to create a record-breaking energy-absorbing shape, breaking the known record of 71% efficiency. The shape has four points, like thin flower petals, and is taller and narrower than early designs.
Physicists from TU Darmstadt propose a new approach to define and measure the time required for quantum tunneling. They suggest using Ramsey clocks, which utilize the oscillation of atoms to determine the elapsed time. The proposed method may correct previous experiments that observed particles moving faster than light during tunneling.
Researchers from six teams in five labs worldwide used self-driving labs to discover 21 top-performing OSL gain candidates, accelerating the discovery process by months. The decentralized workflow enabled rapid replication of experimental findings and democratized the discovery process.
New approach uses calculation to predict band convergence in materials, allowing for rapid creation of high-performance thermoelectric devices. The method enables elimination of unnecessary possibilities, increasing efficiency and reducing false starts.
A new, affordable sensor technology can detect lead concentrations as low as one part per billion, making it a significant step forward in addressing global health issues. The handheld device can be used for on-site monitoring and requires only a droplet of water.
Researchers in Brazil have developed a novel method to produce electrochemical sensors using fallen tree leaves, offering an eco-friendly alternative to conventional substrates. The sensors were successfully tested for detecting dopamine and paracetamol concentrations, demonstrating their potential for medical and laboratory applications.
The University of Central Florida is establishing itself as a leader in hypersonics and space propulsion research with substantial new funding from the US Department of Defense. The funding will support the construction of a hypersonic testing facility, flight experiments and further advancements of the technology.
Researchers have developed a transparent nanostructured copper surface that is non-conductive, resistant to bacterial growth, and transparent. The surface shows the ability to eliminate over 99.9% of certain bacteria present in tested surfaces within two hours, maintaining its effectiveness even after rigorous wipe testing.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have developed a new device for taking blood samples using the leech principle, reducing invasiveness and increasing reliability. The device is made of silicone and steel microneedles, with plans to create biodegradable versions in the future.
Researchers developed nontoxic, biodegradable, and high-performing lubricant additives for water power turbines using ionic liquids. The ILs demonstrated significant reductions in friction and equipment wear compared to commercial gear oils.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a new silicone rubber composite material that can prevent fires and electrical sparking on power poles. This innovation could save power companies time and resources by reducing damage to assets.
Researchers at TU Wien have created a nanofabric filter using waste cellulose that can efficiently remove hazardous dyes from water. The filter, called 'nanoweb', uses a high surface area to bind organic dye molecules, resulting in a 95% removal rate.
Researchers at Tohoku University have made a breakthrough in understanding spin currents in insulating magnets. They found that the spin current signal changes direction and decreases at low temperatures, shedding light on its propagation direction.
A team of researchers used a rapid metagenomics technique to sequence viral RNA and DNA from blood-engorged mosquitoes collected in São Paulo city, identifying vectors, viruses, and hosts. The protocol has the potential to extend our understanding of insect genetic diversity and arbovirus transmission.
Researchers use carbon nanotubes to prevent cracking in multilayered composites, improving resistance by up to 60%. This innovation could lead to safer and more durable aircraft with advanced composite materials.
Researchers developed a technology to detect infectious disease viruses in real-time using a single nano-spectroscopic sensor. The system uses molecular fingerprinting and can detect specific substances with tailored detection, enabling rapid and precise analysis.
A new 3D printer developed by researchers at MIT and NIST can automatically identify the parameters for printing with unknown materials. This allows for the use of renewable or recyclable materials that were previously difficult to characterize, reducing the environmental impact of additive manufacturing.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a high-performance magnesium-air battery that utilizes water activation and carbon cathodes. The paper-based battery achieved impressive performance results and demonstrated its versatility in wearable devices such as pulse oximeters and GPS sensors.
Scientists at Tohoku University create a tiny spot in glass using a tailored laser beam, enabling precise processing at scales below 100 nanometers. The breakthrough opens up new possibilities for laser nano-processing in various industries and scientific fields.
The MIT-designed 'architected' reef could dissipate more than 95% of incoming wave energy using a fraction of the material needed, reducing erosion and flooding. The cylindrical structure's unique design leverages turbulence to efficiently break waves, making it a potential solution for coastal protection in various water conditions.