Articles tagged with Nanoparticles
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers found that using plant-based analogs of cholesterol improves the shape and structure of nanoparticles, allowing them to deliver genes more effectively. This boosts delivery by up to 10-fold and enables patients to be treated with higher efficacy.
A team developed new hydrogen evolution photocatalysts (HEPs) made from two semiconducting materials, enhancing energy storage. The HEPs absorb more visible light, increasing hydrogen production rates an order of magnitude beyond current single-component inorganic HEPs.
Researchers propose novel temporal-spatial ordering and dynamic smart behavior in hollow multishell structures (HoMS), enabling efficient energy conversion and storage. The unique structure facilitates sequential electromagnetic wave harvesting and cascade catalytic reactions.
A recent study at BESSY II used X-ray microscopy to investigate how nanoparticles interact with cells. Researchers found that nanoparticles can change the number and type of cell organelles, such as increasing mitochondria and decreasing lipid droplets. This suggests that different nanoparticle coatings may have similar effects on cells.
Research by Virginia Tech scientists found that tiny titanium oxide nanoparticles in coal smog and ash can cause lung damage in mice after a single exposure. The particles trigger an immune response, leading to macrophage death and lung failure.
Scientists at the University of Freiburg created nanoparticles with polysaccharides, which allow them to pass through the kidneys and be excreted in urine. This breakthrough enables the combination of tumor accumulation and kidney clearance in a single nanoparticle, paving the way for safer nanomedicine administration.
Researchers laser-cooled a 150-nanometer glass sphere containing 100 million atoms to its quantum ground state, revolutionizing the study of macro-quantum physics. This achievement enables unprecedented opportunities to test fundamental physics and probe the boundaries between classical and quantum mechanics.
Scientists develop new bio-based material combining chitin nanoparticles and alginate for antimicrobial properties and flexibility. The material has potential uses in surgical threads, tissue engineering, wound healing, and burn treatments.
Researchers have invented a Trojan Horse nanoparticle that selectively targets and eats away at plaque-causing cells, reducing plaque size and stabilizing it. This approach shows promise as a potential treatment for atherosclerosis, the leading cause of death in the US.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a method to produce over 65,000 different types of nanoparticles, each containing up to six different materials. This breakthrough allows for the creation of complex particles with precise interfaces, opening up new possibilities for electrical and optical applications.
Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that injecting nanoparticles into the bloodstream can significantly reduce brain swelling and damage after a traumatic brain injury. The treatment may provide new hope for individuals with significant traumatic brain injuries, including young athletes and soldiers.
Researchers at the Institute for Basic Science have developed a new strategy to convert CO2 into oxygen and pure carbon monoxide using nanoparticles. The hybrid catalyst, made of blue titania, tungsten trioxide, and silver, shows 200 times higher performance than previous versions.
Metallic nanotechnology is advancing rapidly, with applications in renewable energy harvesting, cancer treatment, and climate solutions. On-command drug delivery and photothermal therapy are promising areas of research, showing promising results in animal trials.
Researchers developed a new nanoparticle drug formulation targeting specific receptors on cancer cells, dispersing chemotherapy drug paclitaxel evenly throughout tumors. The study found the 'DART' nanoparticles significantly increased median overall survival compared to Abraxane treatment in animal studies.
Researchers have successfully used copper-based nanomaterials to eliminate tumour cells in mice, combining with immunotherapy for long-lasting immune effects. The breakthrough offers a novel approach to treating lung and colon cancers without the use of chemotherapy.
Researchers at OIST developed a light-based device that detects biological substances in materials, surpassing current industry-standard biosensors' sensitivity and precision. The tool creates high-resolution images of individual nanoparticles, paving the way for studying molecular events on the surface.
Researchers develop biodegradable nanoparticles that target and kill pediatric brain tumor cells in mice, surviving 20-63% longer than untreated mice. The treatment uses a combination of the suicide gene and ganciclovir, showing promise for new therapies targeting these deadly brain malignancies.
Researchers developed a novel nanoparticle vaccine that combines M2e and NA proteins, providing strong cross-protection against six different influenza virus strains. The vaccine offers potential as a universal flu vaccine or component of such vaccines.
A new study by NIMS researchers reveals that a Si anode composed of commercial Si nanoparticles in solid electrolytes exhibits excellent electrode performance, approaching that of film electrodes. This breakthrough enables low-cost and large-scale production of high-capacity anodes for all-solid-state Li batteries.
Researchers have found that alloy metal nanoparticles facilitate faster carbon nanotube growth by attracting more active metal atoms to the growth front. This leads to a larger carbon concentration and quicker addition of carbon atoms, preventing precursor accumulation around the nanoparticle.
Scientists have developed a method to synthesize carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a selectivity of 90%, challenging existing theories. The new approach allows for the production of specific types of CNTs, such as (2n, n) CNTs, which are ideal for electronic applications.
Researchers at USC Viterbi's Department of Biomedical Engineering have developed a nanoparticle that lights up calcification, allowing for more effective detection of blocked arteries. This innovation has the potential to improve cardiovascular disease diagnosis and treatment by identifying unstable calcifications.
Researchers aim to overcome obstacles in brain tumor treatment by using focused ultrasound and temperature-sensitive nanoparticles. These strategies can provide unique opportunities to improve the delivery of nanoparticles into brain tumors.
Researchers introduce a new water purification method using magnetic nanoparticles coated with an ionic liquid, effectively removing organic, inorganic, and microbial contaminants. The nanoparticles can be easily removed with magnets, making them a promising starting point for decentralized water purification systems.
Researchers developed a new process using biodegradable chitosan nanoparticles to fabricate self-cleaning antireflective glass surfaces. The eco-friendly approach eliminates microplastic waste, a significant environmental concern.
Researchers have developed a method to precisely control the size and shape of nanoparticles, which could lead to more effective drug delivery systems. By modifying a base nanoparticle with a second polymer, scientists can create nanoparticles of specific dimensions.
New technologies have successfully established zeolite nanoparticle production methods, enabling size control and mass production. The 'bead-milling and recrystallizing method' produces nanoparticles < 100nm, while the 'particle growth method' generates larger particles from 150-300nm.
A new technique called ELeCt uses drug-loaded nanoparticles bound to circulating red blood cells to inhibit lung cancer metastasis with tenfold greater success than free-floating nanoparticles. The research has shown improved survival rates and reduced side effects in mice with lung cancer, making it a promising clinical treatment.
Researchers have gained insights into how nanoparticles can be used to identify invasive microbes and deliver targeted treatments, potentially preventing deadly diseases contracted on medical equipment. The study, conducted by Monash University researchers, found that nanoparticles bound to fungal cells but were non-toxic to them.
Researchers developed mass production technology for solid-solution alloy nanoparticles, which can be used as innovative catalysts for exhaust gas purification. The new technology achieved stable synthesis of 1nm-class nanoparticles at low temperatures, outperforming existing rhodium-based catalysts.
A new treatment approach for inflammatory diseases, including sepsis, stroke, rheumatoid arthritis, acute lung injury, and atherosclerosis, has been discovered using nanoparticles. The technology selectively kills 'rogue' white blood cells that drive exaggerated immune responses, while leaving beneficial cells unharmed.
Researchers from SMART have discovered a new method called Molecular Probe Adsorption (MPA) that enables the exploration of nanoparticle surfaces without damaging them. This breakthrough technique is substantially faster and cheaper than existing chemical methods, allowing for universal characterization of nanoparticles with any geomet...
Researchers at MIT have found that coating nanoparticles with right-handed molecules of the amino acid cysteine can improve their ability to avoid being destroyed by enzymes in the body. This approach also allows them to enter cancer cells more efficiently, making it a promising method for developing more effective drug carriers.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have developed a new approach to artificial photosynthesis that improves the efficiency of capturing light and splitting water molecules to produce hydrogen fuel. The system uses molecular tethers to attach chromophores to catalysts, allowing for stable and efficient electron transfer and ge...
Northwestern University chemists create molecules with specific chemical products and arrangements of atoms, suitable for drug development. The catalyst can be reused for additional reactions, producing high yields.
Researchers have found a way to produce corundum nanoparticles using simple mechanochemistry in a ball mill, which could lead to more robust and easier-to-manufacture automotive catalysts and ceramics. The production method involves grinding lumps of boehmite in a ball mill for 3 hours and then heating them briefly.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that emit different colors of light to trigger specific biological processes. They successfully controlled the beating rate in modified heart-muscle cells using red and green light, demonstrating a new level of control over biological processes.
Scientists developed a simple method for producing nanometer-sized corundum with high porosity at room temperature. The process involves milling a powder in a ball mill for a few hours, resulting in thermodynamically stable nanoparticles. This breakthrough reduces energy and costs associated with traditional production methods.
Researchers from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Northwestern University have developed techniques to observe and simulate the self-assembly of crystalline materials at a higher resolution. They pinpointed individual motions of tiny nanoscale particles as they orient themselves into crystal lattices, confirming that synt...
Researchers develop copper telluride nanoparticles that mimic enzymes, inducing oxidative stress and triggering inflammatory processes in tumor cells. This triggers an immune response, allowing the body to defend against metastasis and relapses.
Researchers at NTNU have created magnetic supercrystals that assemble themselves into strong shapes, increasing cohesive energy by up to 45% due to magnetism. This discovery opens up new possibilities for controlling the mechanical properties of these structures, which could be used in various applications.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory and top universities have developed a catalytic method to selectively convert discarded plastics into higher quality products like lubricant oils or waxes. The catalyst converts polyethylene molecules into value-added commercial products with high yield.
A team at the University of Michigan developed a new catalyst that selectively produces the correct version of twisted molecules, which are essential for medicines. The catalyst is made from mineral nanoparticles and can work in water, reducing costs and environmental impact.
A new phase 2 clinical trial shows that technology can induce immune tolerance to gluten in individuals with celiac disease, reducing inflammation and protecting the small intestine. The treatment, called CNP-101, is a biodegradable nanoparticle containing gluten that convinces the immune system it's safe.
Researchers at Washington University and USF Health developed a peptide-based nanoparticle that delivers siRNA to suppress KRAS-driven cancer growth without adverse effects. The nanoparticles effectively target tumor cells, reducing tumor cell death and slowing cancer growth.
Scientists have found a new stable form of plutonium with an unexpected pentavalent oxidation state, which may be crucial for improving the safety of radioactive waste storage. The discovery was made using advanced synchrotron X-ray methods and has significant implications for long-term nuclear waste management.
A groundbreaking method allows for easy determination of the surface free energy of particles, a quantitative measure of particle hydrophobicity. This innovation has significant implications for scientific and industrial applications involving particulate matter.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have discovered a key property of donut-like nanoparticles called semiconductor quantum rings, which may find application in quantum information storage, communication, and computing. The team achieved coherent directional control over light emission by breaking the symmetry of the ring shape.
Researchers at UNM's Department of Physics and Astronomy have discovered that decreasing the density of nanoparticles in ordered arrays produces exceptional electric field enhancements. By making particles smaller and farther apart, interactions between nanoparticles are strengthened, resulting in stronger collective responses.
Researchers at Brown University have developed a new production method for the high-performance polymer Zylon using nanoparticle catalysts, which can produce degradation-resistant materials. The new approach reduces energy consumption and eliminates a corrosive acid that causes degradation.
Researchers found non-antibacterial nanoparticles can cause rapid bacterial resistance in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. The study suggests that nanoparticles could have significant effects beyond bacteria, affecting ecosystems and human health.
University of Oregon researchers have identified a design principle that points to making catalytic particles really small for increased efficiency. Smaller nanoparticles collect excited positive charges, preventing recombination and generating higher voltages.
Researchers have created a new measurement method to determine the electrochemical activity of individual noble-metal-free nanoparticle catalysts. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient hydrogen production through water electrolysis by using affordable alternatives to precious metal catalysts.
The Reinhart Koselleck Project aims to study the growth of atmospheric nanoparticles using high-resolution mass spectrometry. The team hopes to understand the mechanisms of particle formation and differentiate between natural and human-induced causes.
A team of researchers has fabricated silver nanoparticles that can rapidly change color in response to moisture, enabling fast and reversible switching of plasmonic color in solids. This technology holds promise for applications in product authentication, information encryption, and sensing.
MIT researchers have developed a delivery system that makes RNA vaccines more powerful, triggering efficient protein production and boosting immune response. The nanoparticles also activate an immune signaling pathway, provoking T cells to attack cancer cells and infectious agents.
A new technique uses nanoparticles to measure how quickly they move through mucus samples, correlating with COPD severity. The study's findings suggest that the structure of mucus in patients with severe COPD may be distinct and affect particle movement.
A German-Australian team of researchers has successfully converted carbon dioxide into ethanol and propanol using metallic nanoparticles, also known as nanozymes. This breakthrough is based on the principle of enzyme cascade reactions, where complex molecules are produced from comparatively simple raw materials.
Scientists at Ohio State University have developed a tool to measure protein behavior at slower speeds than previously possible, allowing researchers to ask deeper questions about protein function and behavior. The discovery could lead to a better understanding of how proteins regulate cellular processes and interact with other molecules.
Researchers developed a universal computer model for metal nanoparticle adsorption, accounting for structural characteristics, metal composition, and adsorbates. The model enables predicting adsorption trends on novel nanoparticles, accelerating nanomaterials design.