Articles tagged with Surface Science
Jorge Íñiguez-González leads a €2.5M ERC Advanced Grant project to explore reconfigurable materials with tunable properties. The research aims to create adaptive technologies for information storage and next-generation computing.
A novel supramolecular film with switchable structural and adhesive functions has been developed, exceeding industry standards for wood adhesion. The film's unique structure retains strength in wet conditions and demonstrates high-performance bonding to wood substrates.
Researchers develop a new strategy to control electronic and magnetic properties of oxide thin films through nanoparticle exsolution, resulting in giant insulator-to-metal transition and room-temperature superparamagnetism
A new review compares conventional and microwave-assisted pyrolysis, showing how microwave heating can tailor biochar for removing metals, dyes, pharmaceuticals, and microplastics. Microwave-derived biochars often show higher surface area, stronger mesoporosity, and greater retention of oxygen-containing functional groups.
Researchers developed a novel approach to convert technical lignin into functional coatings using low-energy suspension plasma spraying (LE-SPS). The new technique eliminates the need for solvents, crosslinkers, or catalysts, and produces continuous and dense coatings with improved UV attenuation and anti-fogging behavior.
A team at TU Wien used a highly precise quartz crystal microbalance to study the impact of high-energy ion beams on surfaces. The results revealed that the measurement process not only affected the material under investigation but also the measuring instrument itself.
Researchers at TU Wien found that the sapphire surface is irregular and rough at the atomic scale, with tiny regions of ordered aluminum atoms being surrounded by inhomogeneous surfaces. This atomic-scale disorder dramatically affects the surface's chemical properties, contradicting previous theories.
Researchers at NIMS have discovered a phenomenon where droplets on a single solid surface exhibit both 'sticky' and 'repellent' states simultaneously. By controlling the number of hydrogen bonds between the solid surface and oil, they can create a universal surface design principle that causes this phenomenon.
Researchers at TU Wien have shown that water molecules' structures impact charged particles in electrochemistry. The team found that ions with stronger effects on surrounding water create more order, leading to lower entropy and reduced attachment to surfaces.
A research team has successfully removed the primary obstacle to post-silicon computing by creating a record-breaking electronic connection for atomic-thin materials. The new GaOx layer enables 'hybrid tunnelling' mechanism, reducing contact resistance and allowing transistors to operate at much lower voltages without sacrificing speed.
New study finds anaerobic digestion of hemp hurd-based bioplastic systems delivers the best environmental outcome, generating up to 6.1 kg less CO2 emissions per 1 kg mulch film treated. The production process significantly affects the final carbon footprint of biocomposites.
Researchers developed a powerful model to understand charge separation at the interface, influencing catalytic activity. The model provides insights into the formation of electric double layers and local electric potential variations.
Researchers have developed a water-soluble cellulose ethyl phosphite (CEP) adhesive that integrates high bonding strength, environmental tolerance, and recyclability. The CEP adhesive demonstrates remarkable thermal stability and resistance to moisture-related degradation, making it suitable for various applications.
Chinese researchers develop novel post-dual OPA technique to amplify weak SFG signals, enabling detection of molecular signals at surfaces. The breakthrough opens possibilities for studying transient species in chemical reactions and other systems where surface molecular structure determines function.
Researchers compared mineralization of calcium phosphate on titanium dioxide nanoparticles coated with zein and polydopamine, finding PDA-coated particles accumulated more mineral mass. The study's findings could guide the design of better implants, water purification materials, and sensing technologies.
Researchers at TU Wien investigate the surprising effects of ion bombardment on the quantum material 1T-TaS2. They observe a clean and reliable switching behavior, where the material's state is reliably switched after each impact.
Researchers developed a synergistic structure-doping regulation strategy for lignin-based carbon aerogels using phytic acid, promoting uniform spherical hierarchical structures and dual phosphorus-sulfur doping. This approach achieves high-performance supercapacitors with superior power density and energy storage capabilities.
The B-STING silica nanocomposite acts as a nanofactory of reactive oxygen species, activating itself in response to changes in the chemical environment. This material can be used to create biocidal coatings that are safe, durable, and resistant to dirt, with potential applications in medicine and other industries.
Researchers at the University of Rochester create a new process to turn ordinary metal tubes unsinkable by etching micro- and nano-pits on their surface, making them superhydrophobic. The tubes stay afloat in water, even when damaged or submerged for extended periods.
A nanostructure composed of silver and an atomically thin semiconductor layer can be turned into an ultrafast switching mirror device, displaying properties of both light and matter. This discovery could lead to dramatically increased information transmission rates in optical data processing.
A team of researchers has developed a dual-response cellulose–WO3 composite film that can switch tint in seconds and survive 200 cycles. The membrane is made from wood and can be roll-coated on existing paper machines, making it a sustainable alternative to traditional smart glass.
Researchers at Rice University developed a material that uses light to break down PFAS and other contaminants. The covalent organic framework (COF) material, grown directly onto a hexagonal boron nitride film, requires only light to activate its photocatalytic reactions.
Research finds that surface roughness influences the formation and size of hydrogen-related defects in iron, leading to a new approach to material design. The study provides fundamental understanding of hydrogen embrittlement mechanisms and could reduce life-cycle costs of hydrogen technologies.
Researchers at Kyushu University have developed a new method to build more energy-efficient magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) using thulium iron garnet. The team successfully produced thin films of platinum on the TmIG material, enabling high-speed and low-power information rewriting at room temperature.
Researchers develop multifunctional aerogels combining thermal insulation, flame retardancy, and mechanical robustness using bio-based nanocellulose. The resulting aerogels exhibit low thermal conductivity, high flame resistance, and impressive strength and flexibility.
Physicists from the IFJ PAN in Cracow have successfully produced homogeneous coatings of titanium oxide nanotubes on large metal surfaces, overcoming the obstacle of crystal grain boundaries. The method combines nanoparticle lithography and electrochemical anodization, enabling controlled material properties.
A Chinese team has developed a paper strip that can detect uric acid levels in saliva with high accuracy, replacing traditional laboratory tests. The 'abnormal UA alarm' uses fluorescent particles to quantify UA concentrations, enabling rapid and non-invasive screening for gout and metabolic disorders.
Researchers from the Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, used molecular-scale simulations to understand ice formation. They found that the arrangement of water molecules in the two layers closest to the surface is crucial for nucleation, promoting a low-dimensional hexagonal crystal lattice at the surface.
Researchers at Ateneo de Manila University create hydrophobic surfaces using electrospun polymer fibers to hold water droplets in a dome shape, allowing for dynamic adjustment of magnifying power. This discovery has potential practical applications in science classrooms, remote areas, and research labs.
A new study by Texas A&M University researchers has revealed insights into Mars' geological history and potential for ancient life. The team analyzed diverse volcanic rocks in the Jezero Crater, providing a window into the planet's distant past and signs of altered olivine.
A team of researchers analyzed how different baseball treatments impacted finger-ball slip distance and found that stickier surfaces resulted in faster pitches and more directional control. The study's findings aim to enhance pitching performance, injury prevention, and equipment development.
Researchers developed a new geospatial intelligence methodology to accurately delineate areas of natural vegetation and agricultural production by crop type. The results showed 95% accuracy in mapping, providing support for public policies aimed at agricultural production and environmental conservation.
A liquid robot that can transform, separate, and fuse like living cells has been developed by SNU researchers. The robot features particle-armored hydrophobic particles for structural stability and exceptional deformability for flexibility.
Scientists at the University of Birmingham warn that increasing CO2 levels could lead to a decrease in 'space sustainability' due to changes in the Earth's upper atmosphere. The research suggests that as the atmosphere cools, it contracts, reducing satellite density and potentially increasing the risk of collisions.
Scientists have found a way to control electrons in molecules using tailored terahertz light pulses, potentially leading to advances in electronics, energy transfer, and chemical reactions. This new method allows for precise control of molecular states essential for processes like solar cells and LEDs.
Clay minerals can significantly impact imbibition in shale reservoirs by creating micro-fractures or blocking flow paths due to hydration swelling and osmotic pressure. The resulting osmotic pressure drives imbibition, highlighting the importance of considering capillary forces and clay mineral properties.
Researchers developed a durable de-icing surface inspired by human skin's layered structure, achieving exceptional performance with low ice adhesion strength. The surface design creates extensive wrinkling at the ice-substrate interface, allowing ice to shed under its own weight without external energy inputs.
A new photocatalytic chemical mechanical polishing (PCMP) slurry has been developed for Single Crystal Diamond (SCD) polishing, resulting in exceptionally smooth surfaces with minimal damage. The Material Removal Rate (MRR) peaks at 1168 nm·h−1, emphasizing the efficiency and effectiveness of this advanced polishing technique.
Researchers at Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) solve the molecular einstein problem, revealing a unique arrangement of chiral molecules on silver surfaces. The discovery sheds light on the properties of these molecules and their potential applications in physics.
Researchers at Rice University developed microscopic reactors capable of performing chemical reactions using water instead of toxic solvents. This innovation could drastically reduce pollution in industries including pharmaceuticals and materials science.
Researchers at MIT and Harvard University have directly measured superfluid stiffness in magic-angle graphene for the first time, shedding light on its remarkable properties. The study suggests that quantum geometry governs the material's superconductivity, a key step toward understanding its exceptional properties.
A team of researchers has solved a puzzle in fluid mechanics using an experiment featuring an ink-on-milk maze. The study reveals how the presence of surfactants in milk helps the ink/soap mixture navigate the maze by exploiting variations in surface tension.
Researchers developed a 7-axis synchronization algorithm for freeform surface laser texturing, achieving high efficiency and accuracy without stitching errors. The approach improves processing efficiency by up to 559% and reduces errors by 60%, making it suitable for industrial applications.
Researchers develop new technique to analyze abstract paintings using 2D multifractal analyses, revealing details on directional asymmetry and multifractality. The method is successfully applied to Jackson Pollock's works, documenting the evolution of his art.
A NRL multi-disciplinary team developed a nonvolatile and reversible procedure to control single photon emission purity in monolayer tungsten disulfide by integrating it with a ferroelectric material. This novel heterostructure introduces a new paradigm for control of quantum emitters.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new surface that prevents 100% of frost formation on flat areas for up to 160 hours. The hybrid surface combines a textured macrotexture with a thin layer of graphene oxide, offering a promising solution for various applications.
Researchers from University of Texas at Arlington have identified 206 systems of interest for potential habitability, including one system where the planet is always situated in the HZ. The team analyzed data from NASA Exoplanet Archive and found F-type stars to be a promising case for life beyond Earth.
The research team developed a printing-based selective metal thin film deposition technique, enabling the fabrication of high-performance soft electronic devices and circuits in various forms. The method utilizes polymer patterns to block metal vapor condensation, allowing for patterning on multi-curvature or elastic substrates.
Scientists have developed an electrochemical approach using catalysts derived from used lithium-ion batteries to produce hydrogen peroxide. The method utilizes carbon nanostructures and cobalt, displaying catalytic properties in oxygen reduction reactions.
Researchers at Northwestern University have finally uncovered the mechanics of static electricity generated by rubbing objects together, explaining how forces on different parts of an object create electrical charges and a current. This breakthrough could lead to new solutions for industrial fires, pharmaceutical dosing, and other issu...
Physicists at European XFEL have made comprehensive observations of ionisation processes in warm dense matter. The team observed how quickly copper transforms into the exotic state of ionised WDM to become transparent to X-rays.
A new study by Osaka Metropolitan University researchers suggests that the nuclear structure of titanium-48 changes depending on its distance from the nucleus. The findings provide clues to the α-decay process in heavy nuclei and could help solve a 100-year-old physics mystery.
Scientists have discovered a material that can harness waste heat, increasing energy efficiency and sustainability. The researchers found that thinner cadmium arsenide films exhibit higher thermoelectric sensitivity, allowing for more efficient cooling in cryogenic environments.
Research using a novel microscopic technique reveals that gold nanoparticles' lethality to cancer cells is more complex than previously thought. Smaller nanoparticles can regenerate and divide after initial stress, while larger star-shaped particles cause oxidative stress leading to programmed cell death.
Researchers have discovered unusual transport phenomena in ultra-clean SrVO3 samples, contradicting long-standing scientific consensus. The study's findings challenge theoretical models of electron correlation effects and offer insights into the behavior of transparent metals.
Scientists create high-throughput automation to calculate surface properties of crystalline materials using established laws of physics. This accelerates the search for relevant materials for applications in energy conversion, production, and storage.