Articles tagged with Applied Physics
A new training algorithm called ternarized gradient BNN (TGBNN) enables learning capabilities for binarized neural networks (BNNs) on IoT edge devices. The proposed MRAM-based CiM architecture achieves faster convergence and matching accuracy with regular BNNs.
Researchers developed an octopus-inspired adhesive with elastic, curved stalk and membrane that adheres to multiple surfaces in wet environments. The adhesive demonstrated strong attachment to complex objects and could be rapidly attached and released.
Jenny Hoang, a senior at the University of Texas at Arlington, received the third-place award for her research on diazo compounds. The LSAMP program has inspired her to pursue medical school and encouraged other students to aim for Ph.D.s in physics or particle physics.
Researchers used mathematical modeling to calculate the likelihood of successfully scheduling a meeting based on several factors. As the number of participants grows, the probability of scheduling a successful meeting decreases sharply, with a critical point where the likelihood drops significantly.
Researchers found that different synthesis methods significantly affect high entropy oxides' local structures and microstructures. Combustion synthesis produced the most homogeneous samples, while solid-state method resulted in varied local structures.
A team of researchers led by Dr. Zihao Ou successfully made the skin on live mice transparent using a mixture of water and tartrazine, a common food coloring. This breakthrough allows for direct observation of organs and tissues beneath the skin, opening up new possibilities for biomedical research.
Researchers have developed a new engineering approach to on-chip light sources, enabling the widespread adoption of photonic chips in consumer electronics. The innovation involves growing high-quality multi-quantum well nanowires using a novel facet engineering approach, which enables precise control over the diameter and length of the...
Scientists at NIST have created tiny lasers that generate light at yellow and green wavelengths, filling a long-standing gap in the visible-light spectrum. The new technology has potential applications in underwater communications, medical treatments, and quantum computing.
Researchers from NUS successfully simulated higher-order topological lattices with unprecedented accuracy, unlocking new potential in quantum computers. The study enables the exploration of high-dimensional topological materials and their unique properties.
A new graduate program at Rice University aims to equip students with skills needed to serve as leaders in quantum technology innovation. The program will provide interdisciplinary training to 30 students, combining expertise from quantum physics, optics, and nanotechnology.
A new study led by Dartmouth researchers questions the rapid polar ice collapse model used in the IPCC's sixth assessment report. The team found that the expected rate of retreat is significantly lower than predicted, making the worst-case scenario less likely, but still dire due to ongoing ice loss from Greenland and Antarctica.
Researchers have developed a new imaging method for neutral atomic beam microscopes that can improve image resolution without significantly increasing measurement time. The new method uses magnetic spin precession to encode the position of beam particles, which interact with the sample.
A new study published in Physical Review Letters suggests that nanohertz gravitational waves may not originate from supercool first-order phase transitions. Researchers found that such transitions would struggle to complete, shifting the frequency of the waves away from nanohertz frequencies.
Physicists at European XFEL have made comprehensive observations of ionisation processes in warm dense matter. The team observed how quickly copper transforms into the exotic state of ionised WDM to become transparent to X-rays.
Researchers developed a new 2D quantum sensing chip using hexagonal boron nitride that can simultaneously detect temperature anomalies and magnetic fields in any direction. The chip is significantly thinner than current quantum technology for magnetometry, enabling cheaper and more versatile sensors.
Researchers measured dielectric properties of 11 polyimides to establish correlation between molecular structure and dielectric behavior. The study revealed that higher fluorine content resulted in lower dielectric constant values, enabling potential applications for 6G technologies.
Dr. Wencai Liu, an associate professor at Texas A&M University, has been selected for the 2024 IUPAP Early Career Scientist Prize in Mathematical Physics. His research focuses on linear and nonlinear Schrodinger equations, contributing to our understanding of quantum mechanics and its applications.
Researchers successfully applied atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis at X-ray free-electron laser facilities to study ultrafast material transitions. They discovered a new material phase, resolving years-long scientific debate and paving the way for designing novel transitioning materials with commercial applications.
Scientists from HZDR, TU Chemnitz, TU Dresden, and Forschungszentrum Jülich have demonstrated the storage of entire bit sequences in cylindrical domains. The team's findings could lead to novel types of data storage and sensors, including magnetic variants of neural networks.
Eötvös Loránd University researchers develop first large-scale autonomous drone traffic solution, combining route planning and bio-inspired flocking models to avoid conflicts and manage remaining issues. The system can handle up to 5000 drones in two dimensions with varying speeds and priorities.
A UTA-led program is equipping high school teachers and students with college-level quantum concepts to fill a growing talent gap in the $44 billion QIS technology market. The Quantum for All program aims to integrate quantum principles into national STEM standards, starting with Texas this fall.
Physicists at Aalto University have developed a method to align bacterial cells using magnetic fields. By mixing bacteria into a liquid with millions of magnetic nanoparticles, the researchers can control the alignment of the rod-shaped bacteria in response to magnetic field strength. The findings offer insights into active matter phys...
Researchers at Nano Life Science Institute have successfully extended atomic force microscopy to three-dimensional imaging, enabling the visualization of flexible molecular structures. The technique uses a specially designed sample and two modes: static and dynamic mode, which produce different friction values.
Researchers successfully controlled Andreev bound states in bilayer graphene-based Josephson junctions using gate voltage, observing changes in real-time and confirming theoretical predictions. The discovery enables adjustment of energy levels, opening potential for diverse applications.
Physicists have achieved a record-setting level of electron mobility in a thin film of ternary tetradymite, a class of mineral found in gold and quartz deposits. The material's high electron mobility makes it suitable for efficient thermoelectric devices that convert waste heat into electricity.
Research using a novel microscopic technique reveals that gold nanoparticles' lethality to cancer cells is more complex than previously thought. Smaller nanoparticles can regenerate and divide after initial stress, while larger star-shaped particles cause oxidative stress leading to programmed cell death.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH) made a small change to develop highly efficient SOT materials. By creating an imbalance in the spin-Hall effect, they controlled magnetization switching without magnetic fields, achieving 2-130 times higher efficiency and lower power consumption than known single-layer ...
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the one-neutron stripping process in lithium-6 and bismuth-209 reactions. The study reveals that this process yields results comparable to fusion reactions, especially at energy regions near nuclear barriers.
Scientists have discovered unique periodic structures in manganese germanide that behave like magnetic monopoles and antimonopoles. The researchers studied the collective excitation modes of these structures, revealing a way to experimentally determine their spatial configuration.
A trash-sorting robot has been developed that can recognize and classify objects using tactile information and machine learning algorithms. The robot achieved a classification accuracy of 98.85% in recognizing diverse garbage objects not encountered previously.
Researchers at TU Graz have calculated that metal phthalocyanine molecules generate tiny magnetic fields when irradiated with circularly polarized infrared light. The team aims to experimentally prove the principle, which could lead to high-precision optical switches for quantum computer circuits.
Scientists developed a miniaturized micro-spectrometer to detect multiple toxic and greenhouse gases, offering increased control over individual exposure. The technology uses machine learning and metasurface spectral filter arrays to create a compact sensor that can be integrated into wearable devices.
Researchers have developed a new material that can twist light at extremely high temperatures, opening up possibilities for advanced optical devices. This breakthrough could enable better aircraft flight performance and create multifunctional devices for various industries.
Scientists have engineered materials that are both stiff and excellent thermal insulators, opening up new possibilities for applications such as electronic device coatings. The discovery allows for controlling the material's properties through composition adjustments.
Researchers from the Polish Academy of Sciences find that wave phenomena, like sound waves, may be responsible for heat transport in complex systems. The study uses the telegraph equation to describe how electric current propagates with attenuation along one spatial dimension.
Physicists from TU Darmstadt propose a new approach to define and measure the time required for quantum tunneling. They suggest using Ramsey clocks, which utilize the oscillation of atoms to determine the elapsed time. The proposed method may correct previous experiments that observed particles moving faster than light during tunneling.
Researchers have developed a new method to study slow electrons in solids, allowing for the deciphering of previously inaccessible information. By combining data from fast and slow electrons, scientists can now investigate how electrons release energy in their interaction with materials, crucial for applications such as cancer therapy ...
Researchers at the University of Arizona and Sandia National Laboratories have developed a new class of synthetic materials that enable giant nonlinear interactions between phonons. This breakthrough could lead to smaller, more efficient wireless devices, such as smartphones or other data transmitters.
Lan Yang and Jie Liao demonstrate a transformative approach to overcome limitations of whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonators, enabling simultaneous monitoring of multiple resonant modes within a single WGM resonator. This allows for greater resolution and accuracy in detecting molecules, with a potentially limitless range of measure...
Researchers from Pohang University of Science & Technology have fabricated a small-scale energy storage device that can stretch, twist, fold, and wrinkle. The device features fine patterning of liquid metal electrodes using laser ablation, allowing it to maintain its energy storage performance under repeated mechanical deformations.
Scientists at Linköping University have created sheets of gold only a single atom layer thick, termed goldene. This material has given gold new properties that can make it suitable for applications such as carbon dioxide conversion, hydrogen production, and selective production of value-added chemicals.
The team created ten holograms with varying colors and shapes using an inverse design technique driven by artificial intelligence. They integrated an oblique helicoidal cholesterics-based wavelength modulator to accurately implement the designed holograms, enabling the establishment of an optical security system.
Researchers from the University of Amsterdam have introduced a billiards game with memory, where the ball may never cross its own previous path. This leads to a trapping effect, making the system chaotic and fascinating, with many open mathematical questions and potential applications in physics and biophysics.
Researchers detected multifractality in electrical brain signals of patients with early-stage multiple sclerosis, suggesting complex communication between neurons. The study also found that healthy individuals have more regular fractal components, indicating a potential compensatory mechanism in the brain's neural networks.
Researchers visualize chiral interface state at atomic scale for the first time, allowing on-demand creation of conducting channels. The technique has promise for building tunable networks of electron channels and advancing quantum computing.
Researchers pioneer technique to control polaritons, unlocking potential for next-generation materials and surpassing performance limitations of optical displays. The breakthrough enables stable generation of polariton particles with enhanced brightness and color control.
Scientists from the University of Amsterdam and Chile have created a new type of granular material that can be compressed and still flow like a liquid. This breakthrough has significant potential for applications such as shock dampening, where the material can absorb and distribute energy more consistently.
Kessler Foundation and collaborators win $1 million prize for proof-of-concept study on tablet-type controller StimXS, designed to help individuals with spinal cord injuries manage autonomic functions. The team advances to Phase 3 of the NIH Common Fund's Neuromod Prize competition.
Researchers have developed a miniaturized optical sensor that can detect glucose levels in human blood plasma with comparable sensitivity to laboratory-based sensors. The device operates wirelessly using a coin battery and has demonstrated its viability in detecting glucose levels between 50-400mg/dL.
Professor Kostya Trachenko develops a general theory for predicting melting points, resolving a century-long puzzle. The new framework incorporates recent advancements in liquid theory and reveals a surprising universality across different material types.
A research team developed an anode protection layer to prevent random electrodeposition of lithium, promoting stable 'bottom electrodeposition' and reducing unnecessary consumption. The breakthrough results in all-solid-state batteries with stable electrochemical performance over extended periods using ultrathin lithium metal anodes.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have devised a technique for mass-producing large-area metalenses tailored for use in the ultraviolet region. The breakthrough enables control over optical properties of UV rays, sparking interest in potential advancements for medical devices and wearable technology.
Researchers develop framework to assess relative value of rules and data in AI models, improving efficiency and accuracy in scientific problems. The framework optimizes model training by tweaking the influence of different rules, filtering out redundant ones, and identifying synergistic relationships between rules.
A new type of frequency comb, called a microcomb, is developed by Stanford researchers that can be used to measure light with unprecedented precision. The device is innovatively small, ultra-energy efficient, and exceptionally accurate, making it suitable for widespread adoption in everyday electronics.
Researchers analyzed the physical principles of dendritic painting, a technique that uses ink droplets to create intricate fractals. The study found that the thickness of the paint layer and the concentration of diluting medium are key factors in controlling the outcome of dendritic painting.
A research team from City University of Hong Kong has developed a world-leading microwave photonic chip capable of performing ultrafast analog electronic signal processing. The chip, 1,000 times faster and consuming less energy than traditional processors, has wide applications in 5/6G wireless communication, AI, and computer vision.
Scientists have created a novel instrument that enables the precise measurement of superconductors under extreme pressure, overcoming existing limitations. The new tool uses quantum sensors integrated into a standard pressure-inducing device, allowing for direct imaging of the material's behavior.
Scientists have successfully created and identified merons in synthetic antiferromagnets, which are rare collective topological structures. The achievement was made possible through extensive simulations and experiments by researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz.
A team of scientists from SFU has created a synthetic protein-based motor that harnesses biological reactions to propel itself, called 'The Lawnmower'. The device uses the digestive enzyme trypsin to cut peptides and convert them into energy, enabling self-guided motion.
Physicists at the University of Southampton successfully detect weak gravitational pull on microscopic particles using a new technique. The experiment, published in Science Advances, could pave the way to finding the elusive quantum gravity theory.