Articles tagged with Atomic Nucleus
Scientists have developed a new method to measure the neutron lifetime, using a magnetic-gravitational trap that provides more precise measurements. The new device uses ultracold neutrons and avoids uneven filling of the trap, resulting in a more accurate measurement of the neutron lifetime.
Researchers measured transition between energy levels of lithium-like bismuth ions with unprecedented precision, contradicting existing theories. The discrepancy raises questions about the understanding of electron interaction with complex inner nuclear structures.
Physicists from IFJ PAN developed a simple model to describe the complex process of atomic nucleus collisions. The model predicts that hot matter forms streaks along the direction of impact, moving faster with distance from the collision axis.
A new method for analyzing data from atomic nucleus collisions has been developed, revealing wavy energy potential patterns that were previously considered anomalous. The study uses these patterns to gain insight into the physical characteristics of colliding nuclei.
Researchers at PPPL have discovered a source of fast magnetic reconnection in plasma, which could lead to more accurate predictions of damaging space weather and improved fusion experiments. The finding shows how electron pressure accelerates the process, balancing electric current and preventing halting the reconnection process.
Physicist Chris Greene and his team observed a butterfly Rydberg molecule, a weak pairing of two highly excitable atoms that was predicted to exist more than a decade ago. The discovery validates the theoretical approach and opens up new possibilities for molecular scale electronics or machines.
Scientists from Poland and France have discovered a new type of atomic nucleus that challenges the long-held assumption that heavy elements are the only ones to exhibit complex deformations. The nuclei of calcium were found to be superdeformed and triaxial, with a distorted shape along three axes.
Scientists at the University of Vienna have developed a new technique to measure isotopes in nanometer-sized areas of materials, revealing atomic-resolution electron microscopes can distinguish between different isotopes of carbon. This method can be extended to other two-dimensional materials and has the potential to improve synthesis.
Researchers at SLAC used the ultrafast electron diffraction method to capture atomic nuclei in molecules vibrating within millionths of a billionth of a second. This technique provides new opportunities for precise studies of dynamic processes in biology, chemistry, and materials science.
Experimentalists discovered calcium-52 had a large charge radius, challenging its status as a magic nucleus. Theoretical research using Titan supercomputer confirmed the trend without kink in charge radius graph, but even advanced models couldn't perfectly match experimental data.
A new approach to nuclear structure calculations uses relative coordinates to describe quantum mechanical states of nuclei, reducing complexity and computational power required. This method enables other groups to perform their own nuclear structure calculations with limited resources.
Nuclear physicists can extend methods and observations from solid state physics to study the atomic nucleus. This collaboration has led to new understanding of Cooper pair tunneling, a phenomenon not possible in solid state physics. The authors encourage further interdisciplinarity to enrich nuclear physics research.
Physicists have detected a long-sought excitation state in an isotope of thorium, which could enhance atomic clock accuracy by a factor of ten. The discovery brings researchers closer to developing a working nuclear clock, with potential benefits including improved precision and resistance to external influences.
The Jefferson Lab accelerator has successfully delivered full-energy electrons as part of its commissioning activities for the 12 GeV Upgrade project. This achievement enables scientists to probe deeper into the nucleus of atoms and study the fundamental building blocks of matter.
Researchers used America's most powerful supercomputer, Titan, to compute the neutron distribution of calcium-48, finding a smaller difference between neutron and proton distributions. This calculation impacts the size of neutron stars, connecting objects with a 18-order magnitude size difference.
Physicists at Ruhr-University Bochum have developed a new approach to carry out precision calculations of the forces acting between protons and neutrons in atomic nuclei. This method uses effective field theory and a new method for analyzing theoretical uncertainties, allowing for a more accurate description of nuclear systems.
Researchers measured variations in energy transition within cadmium atom isotopes, identifying physical cause of shift within nucleus. Two main factors influence hyperfine structure: magnetic field from electrons and nuclear electric quadrupole moment.
Researchers at Mainz University measured the mass of a 'strange' atomic nucleus with unprecedented precision, shedding light on the fundamental 'strong force'. The findings provide valuable insights into the nature of this force and its role in holding nuclei together.
Researchers developed a new model describing atomic nuclei that better predict exotic isotope properties. This improvement enables simulations of supernova explosions and nuclear reactor processes.
A team of physicists has found that protons and neutrons in large atomic nuclei do not behave as predicted by existing models. The researchers used experimental data from various elements to fit parameters into the current model, showing that quantum effects and nuclear vibrations have a lower impact on individual particles than thought.
Researchers at Kyoto University found that the universe's radiation S reaches its maximum around the observed Higgs expectation value of 246 GeV. The study suggests that this could be evidence of the Big Fix, where Standard Model parameters are naturally fixed to achieve optimal results.
Physicists confirm existence of exotic dibaryon made up of six quarks, a complex particle that could open door to new physical phenomena. The discovery was made using the WASA-at-COSY collaboration and has been published in Physical Review Letters.
The CEBAF accelerator has achieved its highest-energy beam ever, delivering 10.5 GeV electrons to the Hall D Tagger Facility. This milestone completes two major commissioning steps needed for approval to start experimental operations following its first major upgrade.
Researchers at the University of Liverpool have observed pear-shaped atomic nuclei, challenging current understanding and informing experimental searches for electric dipole moments. The discovery aids in refining nuclear theories and directs atomic EDM search programs.
The discovery of pear-shaped nuclei in exotic atoms may hold the key to understanding the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance. The shape allows for stronger detection of a new interaction that could explain the discrepancy.
Researchers at Jena University have developed a new theory to simulate the strong atomic nuclear interactions that govern neutron stars. By intelligently modifying nuclear forces and solving the stacking problem of atoms, they have enabled the calculability of these complex systems.
Researchers at TU Vienna have successfully controlled the splitting of large molecules with up to ten atoms using ultra-short laser pulses. The technique involves influencing the movement of electrons, which in turn affects the atomic nuclei, allowing for targeted control over specific elemental chemical reactions.
Researchers have successfully increased graphene's conduction electrons' spin-orbit coupling by a factor of 10,000, enabling the construction of a switch that can be controlled via small electric fields. The discovery opens up new possibilities for building graphene-based components.
A team of researchers has directly measured shell effects in the heaviest elements, providing new insights into nuclear stability. By weighing the heaviest atomic nuclei with utmost precision, the scientists have benchmarked existing models and shed light on the 'Island of Stability', a region where superheavy elements are predicted to...
A proposed new time-keeping system based on a neutron's orbit around an atomic nucleus could achieve unprecedented accuracy. This approach would allow scientists to test fundamental physical theories at higher precision and explore diverse applications.
The new method uses optical pumping and magnetic barriers to extract desired atoms from a stream of elements, allowing for the isolation of crucial isotopes like lithium-7. This approach promises to be a more efficient and safer means of obtaining these vital elements for medical applications.
Researchers at DESY have successfully made atomic nuclei transparent using X-ray light, a crucial step towards developing quantum computers. This achievement demonstrates the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in atomic nuclei and has significant implications for the future of quantum computing.
Researchers at Jefferson Lab have combined data from six experiments to reveal a correlation between the EMC Effect and short-range correlations in bound neutrons. The findings suggest that there is a common cause for both effects, potentially linked to nucleon behavior.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have created a sophisticated experimental setup to measure the interactions between single atoms and surfaces. The technique refines our understanding of the van-der-Waals force, which is crucial for chemistry, biology, and physics.
Researchers at the University of Utah have successfully stored information in atomic nuclei for 112 seconds, a major breakthrough towards developing faster quantum computers. The new technique uses magnetic 'spins' in the centers of atoms to store and read data electronically.
Carbon-22 has a nucleus comprised of 16 neutrons and 6 protons, exhibiting an unexpected stability due to its halo structure. The discovery sets a new milestone in nuclear physics, with implications for the investigation of heavier and more exotic nuclei.
A recent experiment found that a proton's nearest neighbors in the nucleus may modify its internal structure, contradicting the mass-dependence picture. The study also revealed a possible new cause: the microscopic structure of nuclei, particularly in beryllium.
Giant Rydberg molecules are formed by two interacting atoms due to fluctuations in electron orbitals, allowing for electric field manipulation and control over molecular properties. The discovery brings researchers closer to developing new quantum devices that combine isolated atomic systems with advances in microelectronics.
Researchers from OU and Germany create a rare Rydberg molecule by interacting electrons with atoms at extremely low temperatures, demonstrating new bonding properties
Researchers have successfully created single-atom quantum dots that can be used to control individual electrons with minimal energy. This breakthrough brings quantum dot-based devices within reach, potentially transforming the development of ultra-low power computers.
A team of scientists has developed a hybrid memory system that stores quantum information in the nucleus of an atom, solving a key problem for quantum computing. This breakthrough enables faster processing speeds from electrons and longer memory times from nuclei.
A University of Utah study demonstrates fundamental new property – chaotic behavior in a quantum system – in frozen xenon nuclei, challenging conventional understanding. The findings provide new insights into the relationship between chaos theory and quantum mechanics.
Researchers at NIST and Max Planck Institute plan to measure the Rydberg constant with unprecedented accuracy by boosting an electron to a high-flying orbit. This could reveal anomalies in quantum electrodynamics and improve element identification in stars, environmental pollutants, and more.
New research reveals neutron has negative charge at inner core and outer edge, with positive charge in between to balance it. The discovery changes scientific understanding of how neutrons interact with electrons and protons, with implications for the strong force and atomic nuclei.
Researchers from Michigan State and Central Michigan universities develop a new approach to modeling atomic nuclei, reducing computational complexity by focusing on correlations between particles. This breakthrough enables more accurate predictions for the structure of heavy atomic nuclei.
Researchers at the University of Utah have demonstrated a way to read data stored in the magnetic spins of phosphorus atoms, a major obstacle for building a particular kind of quantum computer. This breakthrough could lead to the development of superfast computers based on quantum physics.
Physicists at Max Planck have measured the lifetime of positronium ions six times more precisely than before, finding an average lifespan of almost half a nanosecond. This closely matches predicted values and provides an interesting model system for quantum mechanics.
The latest research at Jefferson Lab has confirmed the existence of pentaquarks, five-quark particles predicted by scientists for years. This breakthrough provides valuable information on the nature of this new state of matter and its production process.
A St. Louis chemist has developed innovative methods to spin and shape atomic nuclei, which can affect their decay rates. His team has achieved incredibly fast spin speeds, such as 2 million-billion-billion revolutions per second, using specialized instruments.
Researchers may use a super-fast laser pulse to observe and control nuclear reactions, potentially slowing or accelerating fission. The lasetron concept could also briefly produce massive magnetic fields, opening new experiments in astrophysics.
Scientists from the Weizmann Institute of Science have shown that frequent observations do not freeze motion, but rather increase it. This contradicts Zeno's paradox, which suggested that repeated glimpses could stop an object in place.
Researchers at Arizona State University have achieved clear images of electron orbitals in Cu2O, verifying the hypothesis that both ionic and covalent bonding occurs in the material. The images show complex formations resembling a dumbbell shape, indicating the presence of metal-to-metal bonds.
A team of Cornell University physicists successfully measured the frequency of atomic vibrations in a single molecule of acetylene, providing a new way to identify and study molecular bonds. This technique, called vibrational microscopy, has potential applications in understanding catalysts and biological molecules like DNA.
University of Michigan scientists measure how matter changes under extreme pressure using a high-resolution femtosecond laser. The experiment confirms earlier predictions about atom behavior in super-dense environments, providing insight into phase transitions and electron conductivity.