Articles tagged with Atomic Nucleus
Researchers from Iowa State University and Tufts University are using quantum computing to simulate and study atomic nuclei. They aim to understand the fundamental laws of nature governing nuclear formation in the Big Bang and supernovae.
Researchers at MIT have proposed a new approach to making qubits and controlling them using beams of light from two lasers of slightly different colors. This method enables the direct manipulation of nuclear spin, allowing for precise identification and mapping of isotopes, as well as improved coherence times for quantum memory.
Researchers from the University of Rochester and MINERvA collaboration used beams of neutrinos at Fermilab to investigate proton structure. This technique offers a new view on measuring protons using neutrino scattering, providing insights into nuclear effects and improving future measurements of neutrino properties.
Researchers find phi mesons exhibit a clear preference for global spin alignment, contradicting conventional explanations. The results hint at the presence of local fluctuations in the strong force, which could be measured and provide new insights into this fundamental force.
Physicists have discovered a way to observe quantum interference between dissimilar particles, allowing for the creation of high-precision images of gluon distributions within atomic nuclei. This technique enables researchers to better understand the force holding quarks and gluons together in atomic nuclei.
Scientists study flow patterns from heavy-ion collisions to understand fluctuations in particle behavior, aiming to calculate the properties of quark-gluon plasma. The results point to initial state influences as the primary trigger for these fluctuations, with collision energy and nucleus size also playing a role.
Physicists propose new method to confine quarks, which could reveal why matter has mass. The strong force, a fundamental force of nature, is believed to be responsible for this property. By exploring quark confinement, researchers hope to gain insights into the structure of the universe.
Scientists at Brookhaven Lab will develop a comprehensive theoretical framework for describing the interaction of heavy-flavor particles with quark-gluon plasma. The Heavy-Flavor Theory Collaboration aims to provide insights into the properties of quark-gluon plasma and its precursors in nuclear matter.
Researchers studied the strong nuclear force using nickel-64 nuclei, discovering that they change shapes under high-energy conditions. The team used advanced detectors to analyze gamma rays and particle direction, revealing two possible shapes for the nucleus: oblate and prolate.
A breakthrough computer model from Chalmers University of Technology reveals the properties of an atomic nucleus, providing insights into the strong force that governs neutron star behavior. The model predicts a surprisingly thin neutron skin, which could lead to increased understanding of heavy element creation in neutron stars.
A high-precision experiment reveals that protons and neutrons in small nuclei prefer to pair up with others of the same kind more often than expected. The study provides new details about short-distance interactions between particles and may impact results from experiments seeking to tease out further nuclear structure details.
Scientists studying particle collisions at RHIC observed signs of gluon saturation in heavier nuclei, with suppression of back-to-back pairs increasing with larger nucleus size. The results support theoretical models and provide insight into the behavior of gluons in dense nuclear matter.
Devi Lal Adhikari's thesis explores mathematical connections between atomic nuclei and neutron stars, shedding light on the structure of both. His research has garnered significant attention from astrophysicists and physicists alike.
Using nearly two decades of research and ultrabright X-ray beams, scientists have created a detailed structural map of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), a key regulator of cellular operations. The results provide significant implications for understanding disease mechanisms and developing new treatments.
Researchers used an isomer beam to study isomer depletion in a low gamma-ray background environment. They found no evidence of isomer depletion and measured the excitation probability at less than 2×10^−5, consistent with theoretical calculations.
A research team from TU Darmstadt observed a neutral nucleus, the Tetra Neutron, consisting of four neutrons. The discovery provides a new system to test the nuclear force with pure neutrons, offering insights into neutron-star properties.
An international team of researchers found that destructive quantum interference suppresses transition between superdeformed and spherical ground states in calcium-40 nuclei. This work may help explain nucleosynthesis processes and the remarkable stability of magic nuclei.
The MARATHON experiment has accessed new details about the particles that build our universe by comparing mirror nuclei helium-3 and tritium. The results provided a precise determination of the ratio of proton/neutron structure function ratios, offering new insights into the internal structures of protons and neutrons.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a new model to aid interpretation of atomic resolution molecular images. The Z-correlated molecular model accurately fits imaging data and helps chemists analyze electron microscope images without theoretical calculations.
Scientists have discovered a new way to visualize the inner workings of simple atomic nuclei by analyzing photon-deuteron collisions. The study reveals the arrangement of gluons within deuterons, providing insights into the strong force that binds quarks together and holds protons and neutrons apart.
A new atomic nucleus, 149-Lutetium, has been synthesized at the University of Jyvaskyla, emitting protons with a record-breaking rate. This discovery provides exceptional decay properties and breaks previous records for half-life and decay energy.
Physicists at Technical University of Munich discover potential existence of tetra-neutron, a bound state of four neutrons, which could significantly alter our understanding of nuclear forces. The experiment's results suggest a half-life of 450 seconds and stability comparable to the neutron.
The University of California, Riverside, has been awarded a $980,000 grant from the Department of Energy to develop an AI-driven detector for the future Electron-Ion Collider. The team will use machine learning techniques to optimize detector design and achieve 'co-design,' a new concept in nuclear physics.
An international research team has measured neutron form factors with previously unattained precision, filling a blank space on the map. The new data provides a more comprehensive picture of the neutron's size and lifetime, and reveals oscillating patterns in its form factor.
Thermal quenches in fusion devices occur when high-energy electrons escape from the core and fly toward the wall, causing a rapid drop in electron temperature. The researchers propose an analytic model of plasma transport that provides new physical insights into the complex topology of 3-D magnetic field lines.
Physicists have made the most precise measurement yet of a neutron's lifetime, revealing that it lives 14.629 minutes with an uncertainty of 0.005 minutes. This result brings scientists closer to understanding why two previous methods disagree and could provide evidence for new physics.
A team of researchers has successfully computed how atomic nuclei of Calcium behave in collisions with electrons, achieving precise theoretical predictions relevant to future neutrino experiments. The new ab initio method allows for the description of scattering on nuclei and leptons, even for heavy elements like Calcium.
Researchers have successfully controlled quantum jumps in atomic nuclei using X-ray light, enabling ultra-precise atomic clocks and potentially powerful nuclear batteries. The technique requires precise control of high-energy X-ray pulses to manipulate quantum dynamics.
Physicists have designed a new method to calculate atomic nucleus properties incredibly quickly using emulation and eigenvector continuation. This approach sheds new light on topics like neutron stars and nuclear decay.
Researchers at PSI have measured the helium nucleus radius five times more precisely than before, allowing for better understanding of fundamental physics and natural constants. The new method uses low-energy muons to create exotic atoms, enabling precise measurements of atomic properties.
Researchers at Lund University challenge a 50-year-old theory by discovering new decay branches in flerovium nuclei. Their experiment showed that the predicted 'magical' properties of element 114 do not exist.
Scientists found two secondary minima in the potential energy landscape of nickel-64, corresponding to oblate and prolate ellipsoidal shapes. The prolate one is deep and well-isolated, leading to a prolonged trapping time, unlike heavy nuclei.
An MIT-led team simulates nuclear interactions, finding a universal short-range pairing behavior that applies to all types of atomic nuclei. This discovery helps investigate neutron stars and heavy radioactive nuclei.
Researchers have successfully measured the lowest known nuclear-excited state in thorium-229, a crucial step towards constructing a nuclear clock. The measurement was made using an extremely accurate detector that detected tiny temperature increases due to energy released during de-excitation of the atomic nucleus.
The 'Gamma Factory' initiative aims to develop a high-intensity gamma rays source using accelerated ion beams and laser beams. This will enable detailed investigations into atomic nuclei and facilitate breakthroughs in spectroscopy.
Researchers confirmed the need to include three-nucleon interactions in electromagnetic transitions, using state-of-the-art gamma-ray detectors and femtosecond lifetimes measurements. The experiment found significant differences in lifetime predictions between two-body and three-body nuclear interactions.
Researchers successfully image atomic nuclei in three materials using a new microscopy type called ANXRI, which combines aberration-corrected STEM and EDS. The accuracy of ANXRI reaches 1 pm, allowing for adjustable individual imaged sizes of atomic nuclei.
Researchers have seen the initial step in light-driven chemical reactions, where a molecule's electron cloud balloons out before atomic nuclei respond. This direct observation paves the way for studying chemical bonds forming and breaking in real-time.
A UMass Lowell-led team discovered that a symmetry in atomic nuclei is not as fundamental as previously believed, opening up new avenues for understanding the universe. The researchers created over 400 strontium-73 nuclei and compared them to bromine-73 nuclei, finding that they behaved differently.
Researchers at RIKEN have confirmed that atomic nuclei with 34 neutrons are more stable than expected, exhibiting strong shell closure. This finding demonstrates that 34 is a 'magic number', a set of numbers where the shells are completely filled and the nucleus exhibits unique properties.
Scientists at NIF recreate stellar-like conditions to study nucleosynthesis reactions, including the 3He-3He reaction responsible for nearly half of our sun's energy generation. Preliminary results show that protons from this reaction have been observed in these experiments at lower temperatures.
Two research teams, including TU Wien, simultaneously demonstrate the long-sought Thorium nuclear transition, enabling extremely precise nuclear clocks. This discovery opens up new research possibilities, including investigating dark matter and measuring natural constants.
Scientists at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute observe the longest, slowest process directly: radioactive decay of xenon-124. The XENON Collaboration's detector picked up signals from ultra-rare double-electron capture events, marking a significant advancement in knowledge about matter's fundamental characteristics.
Researchers from Tel Aviv University and MIT have identified the explanation for the EMC effect, which describes how quarks move more slowly inside atomic nuclei. The team found that the number of protons and neutrons forming short-ranged correlated pairs determines the speed of quarks.
Researchers found unexpected chemical compositions in 'magic nanoparticles' that display enhanced stability, including Fe6O4 and Ce3O12. The study also reveals oxygen-rich nanoparticles may explain carcinogenicity of oxide nanoparticles.
Researchers at FAU have decoded the structure and process behind formation of highly ordered clusters. They discovered over 25 different magic number colloidal clusters with unique shapes and symmetries.
Maria Goeppert Mayer's groundbreaking nuclear physics research at Argonne earned the lab a historic physics site designation. The 'shell' model of the atomic nucleus she developed remains the basis for modern understanding of nuclear structure.
Researchers found that in neutron-rich objects, protons carry a disproportionate part of the average energy, moving faster than neutrons. The team analyzed data from CLAS experiments and observed a significant increase in the probability of protons having high energies as the number of neutrons increased.
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine report concludes that an EIC is essential to answering fundamental questions about the building blocks of matter. The collider will enable unique scientific discoveries with implications for particle physics, astrophysics, and other fields.
A team of physicists has captured the behavior of a five-atom molecule's atomic nuclei and chemical bonds in response to a laser, revealing the clearest glimpse yet of a photochemical reaction. The study marks a significant advancement in understanding these light-fueled molecular transformations.
Researchers successfully measured the optical excitation of atomic levels in nobelium isotopes using laser spectroscopy. The results confirm that nobelium nuclei are deformed like an American football, with a lower charge density in their center than at their surface.
Physicists from Cracow and Kielce predict that alpha clusters, made up of two protons and two neutrons, exist in light nuclei. Experimental physicists can detect these clusters using high-energy accelerators.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory successfully simulated an atomic nucleus using a quantum computer, demonstrating the ability of quantum systems to compute nuclear physics problems. The team extracted the deuteron's binding energy with high accuracy, despite challenges posed by inherent noise on the chip.
Researchers at UNIGE and MBI successfully place an electron in a dual state, neither free nor bound, and regulate its electronic structure. They also discover that high-intensity lasers can amplify light, enabling new possibilities for intense laser propagation in gases.
Unstable atomic nuclei like Helium-8 and Lithium-8 can be investigated through beta decay and detection of decay products. The author discusses available experimental data and models applied to 'exotic' nuclei, revealing unresolved puzzles in the connection between microscopic structure and observable quantities.
Scientists have created a new state of matter called Rydberg polarons, where an electron orbits a nucleus at a great distance while many other atoms are bound inside the orbit. The electrons' path is only slightly influenced by neutral atoms, resulting in a weak bond between the Rydberg atom and the surrounding atoms.
The 12 GeV Upgrade Project has tripled CEBAF's original operating energy, enabling precise imaging of nuclei and searches for exotic new particles. This upgrades allows researchers to explore the fundamental building blocks of matter at a scale previously inaccessible.
Experiments at Argonne National Laboratory reveal stable energy states and collective spin in lead-208 nuclei. This challenges the assumption that spherical nuclei do not spin.
Researchers detect coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) using a specialized setup at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The observation validates theoretical predictions and paves the way for technological applications such as non-intrusive nuclear reactor monitoring.
Physicists successfully registered a light atomic nucleus with a deformed shape, challenging the conventional view that such states only exist in massive elements. The discovery was made using a complex experimental method and computational simulations.