Articles tagged with Atomic Structure
Scientists at Monash University have deciphered the atomic structure of PlyC, a powerful anti-bacterial lysin that kills bacteria causing infections from sore throats to pneumonia. PlyC's unique 'saucer' shape and eight docking sites make it 100 times more efficient than other lysins at killing certain bacteria.
Researchers have unraveled the mystery of a unique virus-coping mechanism, revealing a crucial role for motif D in accurately replicating genetic material. This discovery holds promise for improving existing vaccines and designing new ones against RNA viruses that eluded vaccination strategies.
Scientists have successfully imaged biomolecules at individual atom level using X-ray lasers, enabling new avenues for biological research. The technique, known as serial femtosecond crystallography, has been used to study a small protein called lysozyme and holds promise for understanding complex biological systems.
Scientists have developed a new technology to mass-produce high-precision molds for making tiny plastic components using bulk metallic glasses. The components can be used in computer memory devices, microscale testing kits, and chemical reactors with microscopic surface patterns.
Researchers have elucidated the structure of type III secretion system needles at atomic resolution, revealing similarities in their inner part while surface variability evades host recognition. This discovery enables new insights into pathogen immune evasion and prospects tailored antiinfectives to block needle assembly.
Scientists at University of Wisconsin-Madison and Iowa State University have discovered a new nanometer-scale atomic structure in solid metallic materials known as metallic glasses. The findings provide insight into the properties of these materials, including ductility and formability.
Researchers at DOE's Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a carbon nanotube sponge that can soak up oil in water with unprecedented efficiency. The material's unique structure and properties make it an attractive solution for oil spill cleanup, offering advantages over existing substances.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a new method for directly measuring the atomic structure of nanomaterials, enabling 3D imaging of individual atoms. The technique, known as electron tomography, allows scientists to visualize the interior structure of nanoparticles in unprecedented detail.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have determined the three-dimensional atomic structure of a human opioid receptor, a molecule that binds to opioids and is involved in pain, pleasure, addiction, depression, and related conditions. The findings could lead to the development of better medicine for these conditions.
Researchers at CERN have successfully manipulated antihydrogen atoms using microwaves, providing the world's first glimpse of an 'anti-atomic fingerprint.' This achievement demonstrates the feasibility of applying microwave spectroscopy to study antimatter atoms.
Scientists at UNIGE have successfully linked two large crystals through quantum physics, paving the way for quantum memory and long-distance quantum communication. The entangled pair exhibits simultaneous behavior despite their separation, showcasing a promising step towards creating quantum repeaters and secure networks.
Researchers at the University of Chicago are developing a new computational bioresearch tool that could lead to breakthroughs in understanding cellular motion. The Center for Multiscale Theory and Simulation will focus on predicting molecular interactions using advanced simulation capabilities, including coarse-graining techniques.
Researchers identified the 32-atom 'baby crystal' through computer simulations and experimentally confirmed its structure using scanning tunneling microscope images. The discovery provides insight into how small crystals form larger units.
Researchers at the University of Manchester have successfully made graphene magnetic by introducing vacancies and nonmagnetic atoms. The study's findings hold promise for future applications in spintronics and electronics, despite the tiny magnetism observed.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have determined the atomic structure of a protein used by the Lassa fever virus to replicate within infected cells. The study reveals an unexpected molecular crevice where the viral protein grips viral genes, making it a target for potential antiviral drugs.
Researchers have for the first time obtained an image of the structure and arrangement of apoA-I molecules using x-ray crystallography. This breakthrough may lead to the development of new drugs to treat diseases such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
The molecular structural basis for severe head deformities and ambiguous sex organs in babies born with Antley-Bixler syndrome has been revealed, suggesting that riboflavin therapy may reverse enzyme defects. The study also found that the enzyme NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase plays a crucial role in human syndromes.
Researchers at The Donald Danforth Plant Science Center have discovered that green tea polyphenols can control a deadly congenital disease by hijacking the ADP activation site. This finding has also been validated in two types of tumors, glioblastomas and tuberous sclerosis complex disorder, suggesting potential for drug development.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have discovered a way to create strong, heat-resistant aluminum alloys by controlling nanoparticle size and shape. The alloy's properties are highly dependent on the uniformity of the nanoparticles and their stability when heated.
Physicists at Hamburg and Kiel University have found a regular lattice of magnetic skyrmions on a surface, consisting of cycloidal vortex spin structures with exceptional stability. The discovery was made using spin-polarized scanning tunnelling microscopy and confirmed by quantum mechanical calculations.
Researchers have defined the atomic structure of astrovirus, which causes juvenile diarrhea, identifying potential targets for vaccine development and antiviral drugs. The study may help block the virus before it becomes infectious and reduce the risk of dehydration in children.
Researchers have discovered that metallic glass can form a single crystal at its core, offering new insights into its atomic structure and behavior. This finding may help improve the performance of commercially important materials such as anti-theft tags and power transformers.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have developed an algorithm to computationally select the best proteins for building nanostructures, drawing inspiration from biological structures. The method eliminates thousands of candidate proteins to identify suitable ones, making the protein selection process more efficient.
Researchers use high harmonic generation method to study electronic correlations in xenon atoms, opening opportunities for investigating electron dynamics on the attosecond timescale. The new laser source developed at ALLS proves ideal for HHG from atoms and molecules, providing information on giant resonance of xenon.
Researchers found that graphene's electronic properties were significantly improved when mounted on boron nitride, a material almost identical in structure to graphene. The team was able to measure the topography and electrical properties of the resulting smooth graphene layer with atomic resolution.
Scientists have successfully characterised the absorption spectrum of a gold cluster, shedding light on its electronic properties. The research provides valuable insights for future applications in catalysis, sensing, and molecular electronics.
Researchers Marta Rossell and Rolf Erni developed a new technique to study the 3D structure of nanoparticles, enabling the determination of their atomic arrangement. This breakthrough could improve understanding of nanoparticle properties, reactivity, and toxicity.
A Caltech-led team has developed a new alloy that combines the strengths of metals and glasses, demonstrating unprecedented level of combined toughness and strength. The palladium-based alloy shows high toughness and strength, making it suitable for biomedical implants such as dental implants.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have imaged atomic structural changes in sapphires that control their properties. These changes, called dislocations, involve small rearrangements of aluminum atoms and can affect the material's electrical, chemical, and magnetic properties as well as its strength and durability.
Researchers at Zyvex Labs have demonstrated a process for removing individual hydrogen atoms from silicon surfaces and adding single atomic layers of silicon. This technique allows for the creation of atomically precise three-dimensional structures with potential applications in nanotechnology, quantum computing, and more.
Researchers at Caltech have developed a simple technique using graphene to visualize the structure of molecules at the atomic scale. The technique reveals new details about how water coats surfaces, including its structure and properties.
Researchers at University of Innsbruck create one-dimensional structures in optical lattice and observe 'pinning transition' from superfluid to insulated phase. Strongly interacting atoms align regularly along wire due to repulsive interaction.
Princeton researchers have found unique electrons that can bypass obstacles and flow efficiently on surfaces of certain materials, potentially revolutionizing electronics. This discovery opens the door to creating faster integrated circuits by leveraging the flow of surface electrons.
Researchers have developed a new method to produce graphene using chemical synthesis, creating a material with improved electronic properties. The new approach allows for the fine-tuning of structures in terms of size, shape, and geometry, making it suitable for commercial mass production.
Researchers at UCLA have imaged a virus structure at an atomic resolution of 3.3 angstroms using cryo-electron microscopy, allowing them to study the virus's functionality in its native environment. This breakthrough demonstrates the potential of Cryo-EM for producing high-resolution images of biological samples.
Researchers at NASA and Purdue University have identified molecular-level features that make fluorinated compounds more efficient at trapping radiation in the atmospheric window. By spreading fluorine atoms out in a molecule's structure, these compounds can persist longer in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.
A team led by University of Wisconsin-Madison chemist Song Jin shows that a screw dislocation drives the growth of hollow zinc oxide nanotubes. The finding provides new insight into the processes guiding the formation of smallest manufactured structures, a significant challenge in nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Scientists at Carnegie Institution used high-pressure techniques to study the connection between density and electronic structure of a cerium-aluminum metallic glass, opening up new possibilities for developing metallic glasses. The research found that high pressure causes changes in properties such as volume or electronic behavior, re...
A team of researchers at the University of Illinois has discovered a potent inhibitor for malaria parasites and disease-causing bacteria, including tuberculosis. The compound, PPP, is 1,000 times more potent than previous inhibitors and targets an enzyme called IspH, which promotes the synthesis of essential compounds.
Researchers observe complex electron patterns resembling fractals in a gallium arsenide semiconductor, revealing the transition point where it becomes magnetic. The findings suggest that magnetism arises from localized interactions within these fractal puddles.
A team from Harvard University led by Vinothan Manoharan and Michael Brenner presents clues to how groups of atoms and molecules favor less symmetrical geometric patterns. Entropy plays a key role in the formation of these complex structures, which are more likely to occur due to their flexibility.
Researchers at Caltech have developed a technique to image photons of nanoscale structures and visualize their architecture using 4D electron microscopy. The method allows for the observation of fleeting changes in the structure of nanoscale matter, enabling new insights into fields such as plasmonics and photonics.
A team of European researchers has achieved the first experiment to study the electrical behavior of only two C60 molecules touching each other. The investigation revealed that the conductance between the two molecules is significantly lower than expected, with a controlable leakage current between neighboring circuits.
Researchers at the University of Innsbruck successfully realized an excited, strongly correlated many-body phase using ultracold cesium atoms. By tuning the interaction between atoms, they created a stable, one-dimensional structure that defies traditional Bose-Einstein condensate behavior.
Researchers at UCR manipulated ripples in graphene sheets using thermal manipulation, controlling their orientation, wavelength, and amplitude. This technique enables strain-based graphene electronics, which could have profound implications for electronic devices and magnetic fields.
A team of researchers has identified the source of unique electronic properties in silver niobate, a ceramic dielectric material used in wireless communications equipment. The study reveals how subtle nanoscale changes in the material's structure give rise to major changes in its physical properties.
A NIST research collaboration has solved the internal structure of Galfenol, a compound that changes shape in response to magnetic fields. The team found that adding gallium creates clusters of distorted cells within an otherwise regular crystal lattice, leading to its enhanced magnetostrictive properties.
Scientists have developed a new material from carbon60 that can transmit electricity at high temperatures, reducing future energy losses. The discovery could lead to more efficient power transmission and storage, enabling widespread adoption of renewable energy sources.
Scientists discover that cerium and aluminum can form a previously impossible alloy under extreme pressure, creating new material properties. The delocalized electrons cause the atoms to collapse in volume, allowing them to nestle together and form an alloy.
Researchers developed an imaging technique that can reveal the atomic structure of nanocrystals with a resolution of less than one angstrom. The technique combines images and diffraction patterns taken with the same electron microscope, allowing for accurate determination of atomic structures.
Scientists at NRL's Materials Science and Technology Division successfully controlled the spin population of individual quantum shell states in self-assembled InAs quantum dots. This breakthrough enables new spintronics applications, as the electron's spin is used to store and process information.
A new phase of pure boron has been discovered with a partially ionic structure, exhibiting unusual physical properties and bringing surprise to the scientific community. The discovery was made possible by a computational method developed by ETH Zurich researcher Artem Oganov, who predicted the stable crystal structures of materials.
Scientists have discovered a unique property of domain walls in bismuth ferrite, allowing them to conduct electricity at room temperature. This discovery could lead to the development of future electronic devices with shrunk logic and memory functions.
A recent study found a nanoscale motor in the T4 virus, which drives DNA packaging into its capsid. This discovery could inspire engineers designing sophisticated nanomachines and may also help pharmaceutical companies develop methods to sabotage virus machinery.
Biologists have discovered the atomic structure of a powerful molecular motor that packages DNA into viral heads during assembly. The motor consists of two ring-like structures with five segments, progressively drawing genetic material into the virus's capsid.
Researchers at Purdue and Stony Brook universities have determined the precise atomic-scale structure of the poliovirus attached to key receptor molecules in human host cells. The study provides a detailed analysis of how a virus can enter its host cell, shedding light on infection processes.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have discovered that certain atoms can move apart and rejoin together under specific conditions, creating a phenomenon known as a 'nano-riot'. This behavior can be controlled using laser light, enabling the creation of tiny computer components with reduced heat emissions.
Researchers have developed tools that accurately model the atomic and void structures of amorphous red phosphorus, a network-forming elemental material. These tools will revolutionize the creation of new solar panels, flat-panel displays, optical storage media, and other technological devices.
Researchers at Northwestern University resolved discrepancies in ZnO nanowire elasticity by performing experiments and computational studies. The findings reveal that the elastic stiffness of ZnO nanowires monotonically increases as their diameter decreases, with atomic level changes attributed to surface reconstruction.
Researchers at University of Southern California reveal the atomic structure of APOBEC-3G, an enzyme that stops HIV replication. The discovery suggests new directions for developing anti-HIV drugs by targeting a viral protein that blocks the enzyme.