Articles tagged with Band Gap
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at RIKEN have discovered that wrinkles in graphene can form a junction-like structure, changing its electronic properties from zero-gap conductor to semiconductor and back. By manipulating the carbon structure using scanning tunneling microscopy, they have opened up new possibilities for graphene engineering.
A Korean team tunes black phosphorus' band gap to form a superior conductor, enabling mass production for electronic and optoelectronic devices. This breakthrough allows for great flexibility in device design and optimization.
Scientists have developed a method to produce arrays of semiconductor junctions within a single, nanometer-thick crystal using pulsed laser deposition and commercial electron-beam lithography techniques. This breakthrough enables the creation of ultrathin electronics with tunable bandgaps for various applications.
Researchers at Stanford University have created an artificial crystal with a variable band gap using molybdenum disulfide, a material that can be stretched without breaking. This could lead to the development of more efficient solar cells that absorb energy from a broader spectrum of light.
Researchers from Yale-NUS, NUS and UT Austin develop a theoretical framework to understand the elastic and electronic properties of graphene. The findings provide insights into creating hybrid materials with band gaps necessary for semiconductors.
Researchers from the University of Minnesota have discovered a new 'wonder material' in black phosphorus, which demonstrates high-speed data communication on nanoscale optical circuits. The devices show vast improvement in efficiency over comparable graphene-based devices.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a novel method to control the electronic band gap in complex oxide materials without altering their composition. This can lead to better performance in electro-optical devices and new energy-generation materials.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley have developed a new method to synthesize graphene nanoribbons from pre-designed molecular building blocks, enabling the creation of width-varying nanoribbons with enhanced properties. This breakthrough represents progress towards controllably assembling molecules into desired shapes.
A team of Carnegie scientists synthesized a novel form of silicon with a quasi-direct band gap, suitable for high-efficiency solar applications. The new allotrope, Si24, has an open framework structure and is stable at ambient pressure, making it potentially more effective than conventional diamond-structured silicon
Researchers at Carnegie Institution use high pressure to engineer gallium arsenide, a promising semiconductor material for solar cells. The study found that applying pressure can widen the 'band gap' and induce metallic electronic properties in two different crystalline structures of GaAs.
Researchers discovered excitonic dark states in single-layer tungsten disulfide monolayers, revealing intense many-electron effects in 2D semiconductors. This finding holds promise for exploiting unusual light-matter interactions and enabling better designs of heterostructures.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have developed a highly sensitive biosensor using molybdenum disulfide, offering improved scalability and mass production capabilities. The material's wide band gap enables accurate readings with reduced leakage current.
Rice University scientists discovered that stretching carbyne by just 3% opens a band gap, enabling semiconducting properties. This finding could revolutionize mechanically activated nanoscale electronics and optics.
A UNIST research team has developed a method for the mass production of boron/nitrogen co-doped graphene nanoplatelets, which led to the fabrication of graphene-based field-effect transistors (FETs) with semiconducting nature. This breakthrough opens up opportunities for practical use in electronic devices.
Researchers from Penn and Drexel have demonstrated a novel solar cell construction method, which may improve energy absorption efficiency and reduce manufacturing costs. The discovery is based on a material exhibiting the bulk photovoltaic effect, allowing for more efficient harvesting of visible light.
A team of researchers led by Weining Man has developed a two-dimensional disordered photonic band gap material that can manipulate the flow and radiation of light. The material breaks away from traditional photonic crystals, allowing for arbitrarily shaped paths to steer light.
Researchers have discovered a unique new twist to the story of graphene, which appears to solve a long-standing problem in device development. The twist creates a new electronic structure in bilayer graphene, leading to surprisingly strong changes in its properties.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a method to engineer graphene with a band gap, necessary for transistors and semiconductor devices. The new technique involves stacking graphene with hexagonal boron nitride, producing a hybrid material with varying electronic characteristics.
Scientists at NREL have developed a new type of solar cell that converts 44% of sunlight into electrical energy, surpassing previous records. The cell uses multiple layers to capture different wavelengths of light and has the potential to be used in utility-scale energy production.
By fabricating graphene structures atop nanometer-scale steps etched into silicon carbide, researchers have created a substantial electronic bandgap suitable for room-temperature electronics. The bandgap allows for the fabrication of transistors and other devices, potentially opening the door for developing all-carbon integrated circuits.
Researchers at Rice University and MIT developed a thin-film polymer metamaterial that changes color in response to ions, enabling the creation of inexpensive sensors for food spoilage detection, security, and high-contrast displays. The sensors can be tuned to react in specific ways by adjusting the solvent used.
A study reveals that charge traps in plastic semiconductors are caused by a similar energy level, allowing for the estimation of expected electron current and design of trap-free materials. This breakthrough has important implications for both plastic LEDs and solar cells.
Theoretical calculations predict a significant difference in the bandgap between ordered and fully disordered ZnSnP2 materials. Experimental measurements support these predictions, suggesting a graded solar cell system that absorbs light across a wide spectrum.
A new study by Binghamton University researcher Louis Piper reveals that metal oxides can be tailored to meet specific needs, enabling efficient energy generation and flat screen display technology. By adjusting the band gap of these materials, researchers can optimize their electronic properties for various applications.
To meet childhood obesity prevention goals by 2020, US youth must eliminate an average of 64 excess calories per day through decreasing calorie intake or increasing physical activity. This reduction is crucial to prevent more than 20% of young people from becoming obese, up from 16.9% today.
A UC Riverside-led team has identified a property of bilayer graphene that becomes insulating when the number of electrons on the sheet is close to zero. This finding suggests promising routes for digital and infrared technologies, including trilayer and tetralayer graphene with larger energy gaps.
Scientists have designed a new type of polymer solar cell that can effectively tune its band gap and energy levels by incorporating different acceptor groups. The resulting polymers exhibit promising photovoltaic properties, with high open-circuit voltages achieved despite their varying band gaps.
Researchers propose using mid-infrared lasers to create a band gap in graphene, allowing for the control of electrical conduction and paving the way for novel optoelectronic devices. The laser-induced band gap enables the transduction of optical into electrical signals.
Researchers at NIST have shown that two layers of graphene exhibit random patterns of alternating positive and negative charges due to substrate interactions. This discovery brings graphene closer to being used in practical electronic devices.
Researchers successfully fabricate and test a new type of solar cell using inorganic core/shell nanowire structures with high bandgap semiconductors. The device efficiently absorbs visible wavelength light and shows potential as an affordable and durable solar energy solution.
Researchers have demonstrated a solar cell that responds to virtually the entire solar spectrum and can be manufactured using one of the semiconductor industry's most common methods. The new design promises highly efficient solar cells with practical production costs.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a new method to tune the band gap of graphene using water. By exposing graphene to humidity, they created a band gap in the nanomaterial, opening the door to new graphene-based transistors and nanoelectronics.
The study found that energy states follow contours of constant electric potential, creating energy gaps within isolated patches on the surface. These gaps are due to a subtle interaction with the substrate, which consists of multilayer graphene grown on a silicon carbide wafer.
Researchers successfully grow graphene ribbons with adjustable properties by creating narrow ribbons with well-defined edges. The new method enables the production of components with specific optical and electronic properties, paving the way for the development of future nanoelectronics.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a new quaternary alloy semiconductor nanowire material that can be used to create more efficient photovoltaic cells and light-emitting diodes. The alloy, which has a wide range of band gaps, can also be used to produce colors for displays.
The energy gap concept estimates the change in energy balance required to achieve and sustain reduced body weight outcomes. Researchers suggest that small changes of 100 kcal/day can prevent weight regain in most adults, but larger gaps of 200-300 kcal/day are needed for maintenance.
Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, have created tunable semiconductors using bilayer graphene, which can change its bandgap and Fermi energy with an applied electric field. This breakthrough enables the creation of reconfigurable electronic devices, potentially holding millions of differently tuned devices.
Researchers have successfully engineered a tunable bandgap in bilayer graphene, opening the way for nanoscale electronics and photonics. The breakthrough allows for precise control over the bandgap size and doping level, enabling new types of nanotransistors and nano-LEDs.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a new polymer that significantly improves sunlight absorption and conversion capabilities in solar cells. The silole-containing polymer can also be crystalline, making it suitable for high-efficiency solar cells, with the goal of reaching 10% efficiency.
Scientists at JILA have developed a powerful new technique to study ultracold atomic gases, revealing previously hidden properties. The technique, using photoemission spectroscopy, simultaneously probes energy and momentum, providing insights into the pairing of atoms.
The new material has one of the widest photonic band gaps reported, enabling control over light flow in applications like low-threshold lasers and solar cells. The structure's unique fabrication technique allows for complex designs that could also be used as microelectromechanical systems or biological devices.
Scientists at Lehigh University are studying single-walled CNTs wrapped with single-stranded DNA to improve sorting and placement. The DNA-CNT hybrid has proven effective in dispersion and holds promise for aiding in the critical task of placing tubes on substrates.
Researchers have found that a quantum dot's dielectric function is virtually identical to its bulk material counterpart, except near the surface. This discovery could revolutionize electronic devices by allowing for more precise control over their properties.
Scientists found that semiconducting nanotubes' band gap shrunk steadily under strong magnetic forces, confirming quantum mechanical theories and shedding new light on carbon nanotubes' unique electrical properties.
Terahertz (THz) frequencies have potential applications in medicine, remote sensing, imaging, and satellite communications. Lehigh researcher Yujie J. Ding has developed a compact THz radiation source that can generate coherent waves with high output powers, enabling new diagnostic tools and monitoring technologies.
Researchers create alloy of indium gallium nitride that corresponds to the entire solar spectrum, allowing for more efficient solar cells. The alloy's defect-tolerant properties hold promise for improved performance in solar cells.
Adding nitrogen to gallium indium arsenide decreases its band gap dramatically, a significant finding for advanced solar cells. The discovery explains why the material has been disappointing in solar cells so far.