Articles tagged with Chemical Physics
Ryan Amberger, a Ph.D. candidate in physics at Texas A&M University, has been selected for a 2025 Los Alamos-Texas A&M Fellowship to conduct dissertation research on nuclear astrophysics. He aims to improve understanding of the s-process by studying neutron cross sections.
Scientists used radiation-induced reactions to convert corrosive Cr³⁺ to less-corrosive Cr²⁺, potentially mitigating metal alloy corrosion in molten salt nuclear reactors. The findings could improve the long-term reliability of these new reactors.
A new study by researchers at the Institute of Science Tokyo hints that calcium ions played a crucial role in shaping life's earliest molecular structures. The team discovered that calcium dramatically alters how tartaric acid molecules link together, favoring homochiral polymers and potentially influencing the emergence of life.
Researchers create WaaFs with high thermal stability and reversible assembly, opening avenues for gas storage, separation, and catalysis. The frameworks utilize van der Waals interactions to form robust structures, making them suitable for industrial applications.
The UTA-UT Austin team will use AI, quantum simulations, and experimental techniques to develop magnets that eliminate rare-earth elements. The researchers aim to enhance U.S. energy security and accelerate sustainable energy solutions with comparable magnetic properties.
A new photocatalytic chemical mechanical polishing (PCMP) slurry has been developed for Single Crystal Diamond (SCD) polishing, resulting in exceptionally smooth surfaces with minimal damage. The Material Removal Rate (MRR) peaks at 1168 nm·h−1, emphasizing the efficiency and effectiveness of this advanced polishing technique.
Researchers from Ateneo de Manila University develop 'droplet-scale anodization' technique to transform aluminum into glass-like TAlOx with minimal electricity and chemical waste. This breakthrough could lead to cheaper and more accessible transparent coatings for various applications.
Discounted hotel rates available at select hotels near the Anaheim Convention Center. The Global Physics Summit will feature nearly 14,000 individual presentations on new research in various fields.
Researchers developed AshPhos, a ligand that facilitates the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds using inexpensive materials. The tool has potential applications in pharmaceuticals, nanomaterials, and degrading PFAS pollutants.
The American Physical Society's joint March Meeting and April Meeting will convene more than 14,000 physicists from around the world to present new research in various fields. The conference will be held in person in Anaheim, California and online everywhere March 16-21.
In a Weizmann Institute experiment, groups of ants demonstrated superior problem-solving skills compared to human groups and individuals. Humans struggled to improve performance when working together, relying on individual calculation rather than collective strategy.
A team of scientists has developed a method to insert a filiform molecule into the cavity of a ring-shaped molecule using light-induced reactions and self-assembly processes. This creates a molecular fit that is not possible at thermodynamic equilibrium, enabling the creation of new substances with unique properties.
The 26th Nagoya Medal of Organic Chemistry will be held on January 24th, 2025, with gold medalist Professor Alois Fürstner presenting lectures on catalysis and metal-carbene chemistry. Silver medalist Professor Masayuki Inoue will discuss total synthesis of highly oxygenated natural products.
Researchers developed a new durable plastic that breaks down in seawater, reducing microplastic pollution. The material is strong, non-toxic, and customizable for various applications.
Researchers have determined the chemical properties of moscovium and nihonium, which are more reactive than flerovium. The study uses a newly developed setup for chemical separation and detection to observe the very short-lived moscovium-288 and its daughter nihonium-284.
Jenny Hoang, a senior at the University of Texas at Arlington, received the third-place award for her research on diazo compounds. The LSAMP program has inspired her to pursue medical school and encouraged other students to aim for Ph.D.s in physics or particle physics.
Researchers at TU Wien have developed a new method to generate extremely short, powerful ion pulses for controlled analysis of material surfaces. These pulses can be used to observe chemical processes in real-time, providing insights into surface physics and chemistry on a picosecond time scale.
Researchers found that for most North Atlantic flights, the climate benefit of avoiding contrails outweighs the extra carbon dioxide emitted from flying a different route. Rerouting flights could reduce global warming by up to 29% in 2039 and 14% in 2119, depending on the method used to measure climate impact.
Researchers from Okayama University successfully controlled the population of the thorium-229 isomeric state using X-rays, a crucial step towards building a compact and portable nuclear clock. This achievement demonstrates the potential for nuclear clocks to advance fundamental physics research and other applications such as GPS systems.
Scientists at Johannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz create a new approach to prepare highly efficient dyad photocatalysts through electrostatic interactions, outperforming established catalysts. The novel method enables the use of inexpensive additives to improve performance and durability.
A team from Kyushu University has developed a zeolite catalyst that can be heated using microwaves to speed up the conversion of fatty acid esters to olefins. This process improves energy efficiency and reduces carbon dioxide production, offering a more sustainable chemical industry.
Researchers developed a novel ratchet mechanism that converts random motion into ordered movement using asymmetric surface wettability. The gear demonstrated one-way spin with vertical oscillations at restricted frequency and amplitude ranges.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a new method to study fuel cell degradation, allowing them to pinpoint exactly when and where the material degrades. This provides valuable information for developing new and improved fuel cells with a longer lifespan.
A team of researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology has developed a new type of computational RNA droplet that can perform logical AND operations using microRNA sequences. These programmable droplets have the potential to be used in various applications, including biomolecular sensing and artificial cells.
A European research team conducted experiments in weightlessness to isolate the classic diffusion phenomenon, closing the gap with experimental validation. The study used a sounding rocket to create a state of almost complete weightlessness, allowing researchers to run their experiments automatically.
Researchers discovered a way to stabilize water droplets in oil without using a surfactant. The thin film of oil absorbs onto the surface of water droplets, becoming more viscous, which leads to an attractive interaction and slows down coalescence.
Scientists from the University of Amsterdam and Chile have created a new type of granular material that can be compressed and still flow like a liquid. This breakthrough has significant potential for applications such as shock dampening, where the material can absorb and distribute energy more consistently.
A team of biophysicists used computational physics modeling to understand how cells sort themselves into different groups during development. They found that high-density particles do not separate using temperature or energy injection, highlighting the need for alternative mechanisms.
Scientists will study neutrinos to solve big questions about the universe. UTA is building portions of two detectors in South Dakota and training students to help with the project.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have created a new machine learning model that can simulate reactive processes in diverse organic materials and conditions. The model, called ANI-1xnr, performs simulations with significantly less computing power and time than traditional quantum mechanics models.
Researchers at Oxford University discovered that similarly charged particles in solution can attract each other at large separations, depending on the solvent. This effect has significant implications for processes such as self-assembly and phase separation.
Scientists have successfully discovered the mechanism of trion generation using a tip-enhanced cavity-spectroscopy system. This approach enables nanoscale control and investigation of trion emission properties.
Researchers have successfully induced and controlled polarization states within metals using flexoelectric fields. This method has the potential to mitigate power losses attributed to semiconductors and extend battery lifespan in electronic devices.
A Swiss-Polish team has found the answer to why previous attempts to use magnesium hydride for efficient hydrogen storage failed. The researchers developed a new model that predicts local, thermodynamically stable clusters are formed in magnesium during hydrogen injection, reducing hydrogen ion mobility.
A new study reveals that molecules can interact non-reciprocally without external forces, driven by kinetic asymmetry and gradients of reactants and products. This finding has significant implications for our understanding of complex behavior in living organisms and the development of novel molecular machines.
Associate Professor Tadashi Ando from Tokyo University of Science conducted a study to test the performance of OPC and OPC3 water models, evaluating their shear viscosities and comparing values to experimental calculations. The calculated viscosities for both models were very close, with notable accuracy at temperatures above 310 K.
Researchers develop a simple, low-cost molybdenum complex for photocatalysis and photon upconversion, overcoming the limitations of expensive precious metal complexes. The complex shows excellent photostability and outperforms traditional compounds in some cases.
Researchers have experimentally confirmed the correctness of a decades-old theory regarding non-uniform electron density distribution in aromatic molecules. This discovery has significant implications for designing new nanomaterials and understanding various chemical and biological processes.
Researchers at the University of Sydney have successfully slowed down a simulated chemical reaction by a factor of 100 billion times using a quantum computer. This achievement allows for direct observation of previously inaccessible processes, enabling breakthroughs in fields like materials science and drug design.
Researchers developed a three-metal hybrid catalyst material featuring nickel, palladium, and platinum interfaces to enhance water splitting and hydrogen molecule generation. The new catalyst demonstrated significant stability and high catalytic activity, overcoming challenges of functional interferences.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have developed a synergistic method that allows for the synthesis of non-canonical amino acids, which are important for therapeutic purposes. The process shortens existing multi-step methods by 3-5 steps and provides stereoselective chemistry.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a new type of nanoclay material that can be customized to perform specific tasks. This breakthrough could lead to advances in fields such as medical science, environmental science, and more.
Scientists at Chalmers University of Technology have created a new method for removing mercury from concentrated sulphuric acid, reducing levels by more than 90%. This innovation could lead to reduced mercury emissions and the production of high-purity, non-toxic products in industries such as mining and metal refining.
Kolomeisky aims to develop analytical models that quantify the role of heterogeneity in chemical and biological processes. He plans to explore its impact on catalytic reactions, antimicrobial peptides and early cancer development.
Scientists at POSTECH successfully grow two-dimensional molecular crystals, demonstrating control over exciton interactions. The findings could enable various applications in organic semiconductors and solar power generation.
The new Collaborative Research Center will explore opportunities of defect engineering in soft matter, aiming to develop a novel design concept. The researchers will focus on doping, connectivity, and topological defects, with the ultimate goal of combining them into one single system.
A team of researchers successfully controlled 'trions,' a breakthrough toward developing revolutionary optical communication technology. They used a nanoscale plasmonic waveguide to create high-purity trions, which offer advantages over excitons in practical device applications.
Researchers are working on a new concept for lithium-air batteries that could lead to significant improvements in energy storage capacity. A collaborative project in Germany aims to test new materials and components to enhance the stability of these battery cells. The goal is to overcome technical challenges such as unstable electrolyt...
An international team of scientists has imaged and analyzed THz waves propagating in form of plasmon polaritons along thin anisotropic semiconductor platelets. The wavelengths vary with direction, allowing for manipulation of light at the nanoscale.
Researchers have visualized the crucial final step of oxygen formation in Photosystem II, a protein complex that powers photosynthesis. The study provides new insights into the interaction between the protein environment and the Mn/Ca cluster, shedding light on the mechanism behind water-splitting and oxygen production.
Researchers at POSTECH developed seawater batteries with improved performance by incorporating chelating agents, overcoming limitations of traditional lithium-ion batteries. The new design achieved high energy efficiency and capacity, making it a promising candidate for next-generation energy storage systems.
Researchers developed a nano-excitonic transistor that controls excitons to process massive amounts of data at the speed of light with minimal heat energy loss. This technology has potential applications in optical computing and realizing an era of data explosion driven by AI.
The POSTECH team developed a multifunctional tip-enhanced spectroscopy that dynamically controls the physical properties of quasiparticles in 2D materials. This technology increases interlayer excitons' luminous efficiency by 9,000 times and modulates their energy.
A team led by Professor Yoshihiro Yamazaki from Kyushu University discovered the chemical innerworkings of a perovskite-based electrolyte developed for solid oxide fuel cells. By combining synchrotron radiation analysis, large-scale simulations, machine learning, and thermogravimetric analysis, they found that protons are introduced at...
A team of physicists and physical chemists from the University of Würzburg and the University of Ottawa has developed a new method to separate single and multiple excitations in laser spectroscopy. This breakthrough resolves a decades-old problem, enabling accurate analysis of materials and fundamental physical phenomena.
Molecular biologist Shixin Liu is recognized for developing cutting-edge biophysical tools to visualize and understand biomolecular machines. His work aims to establish a quantitative input-output relationship between environmental stimuli and gene expression profiles.
Scientists at the University of Innsbruck have successfully measured tunneling reactions in molecular chemistry, confirming a precise theoretical model. The experiment used hydrogen and deuterium isotopes to demonstrate the quantum mechanical tunnel effect in a slow ion-molecule reaction.
A new mathematical theory developed by Peter Wolynes and David Logan predicts the nature of motions in a chlorophyll molecule when it absorbs energy from sunlight. The findings suggest that there are exceptions where simple motions persist for long times, influencing processes like photosynthesis.
Researchers warn conservators about the risks of polar solvents containing water in historical oil paintings. Traces of water accelerate the formation of metal soap crystals, reducing mechanical stability and causing paint to crack and flake. The study provides a new spectroscopic method to estimate zinc soap crystallization risk.
Scientists have discovered a new type of solid crystal that forms when water and table salt combine in cold and high-pressure conditions, potentially existing on the surface of Jupiter's moons. This finding has significant implications for planetary science and the search for extraterrestrial life, as it could explain the mysterious ch...