Articles tagged with Crystal Structure
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Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory used X-ray crystallography to solve the structure of Lassa virus glycoprotein, a key component in vaccine development. The study provides valuable insights into how the virus enters human cells, paving the way for the design of an effective vaccine.
Researchers developed a new method to study chemical reactions at atomic scale, allowing for real-time observations of the solid-liquid interface. This technique helps improve water purification methods and understand supercapacitor performance.
A team at Osaka University found that agitating amorphous materials at a certain frequency accelerates crystallization, indicating a new method for controlling the formation of crystalline materials. The study used colloidal systems to model atomic materials and identified a specific vibrational mode facilitating crystallization.
Materials scientists at Duke University have resurrected an online cookbook of crystalline structures, featuring 288 entries with data on symmetry, properties, and unit cells. The revamped website provides a flexible platform for researchers to explore and create new materials.
KAIST researchers directly observed the phase transition of topological defects formed by liquid crystal materials for the first time. The defect structures have radial, circular, or spiral shapes centering on a singularity and can be easily observed with an optical microscope.
Researchers from MIT, Harvard University, and Sandia National Laboratories report a new technique for creating targeted defects in diamond materials, which can function as qubits in quantum computing. The defects produced by the technique were found to be within 50 nanometers of their ideal locations.
Researchers employed high-resolution microscopy techniques to study the formation mechanism of butterfly wing scales. The green butterfly features separated photonic crystal domains that increase in size from base to tip, suggesting time-frozen growth stages.
A Los Alamos research team used neutron crystallography to determine the three-dimensional structure of a protein that breaks down cellulose, a key step in creating biofuels. The findings suggest that understanding the mechanism of this enzyme could lead to more efficient and cost-effective production of ethanol.
Researchers have solved a key mystery about plant chemistry, discovering how a specific protein signals the plant's circadian rhythm. This finding may enable farmers to grow crops in areas previously unsuitable and allow scientists to make targeted mutations to improve plant adaptation.
Researchers found that modifying molecule structure can influence crystallization path, leading to better control over materials assembly. The discovery may lead to improved design of pharmaceuticals, energy technologies, and food products.
Scientists at TU Wien have successfully coupled nitrogen-vacancy defects in two diamonds using quantum physics, a crucial step towards developing new quantum technologies. The breakthrough enables the creation of highly sensitive sensors and switches for quantum computers.
Researchers at Weizmann Institute of Science directly observed crystallization process on molecular level, validating recent theories and showing that knowing how crystal grows can predict end structure. The study found that dense phases lead to lower energy barrier and more stable crystals.
Engineers at FAU have successfully produced complex crystal lattices, so-called clathrates, using DNA strands and nanoparticles. The team achieved this by reordering pyramid-shaped gold crystals to form clathrate compounds through a self-assembling process.
Applied mathematicians at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences developed a framework to better understand and control the fabrication of optical microstructures. The researchers used this framework to grow sophisticated optical microcomponents, including resonators, waveguides, and beam splitters.
Researchers at UC Riverside have determined the crystal structure of the Zika virus NS5 protein, enabling a better understanding of its replication mechanism. The discovery provides a strong basis for developing potential inhibitors against ZIKV infection.
Researchers discovered a way to transport biochemical substances using loop-shaped liquid crystal defects that form around twisted fibers, controlled by electric and magnetic fields. The defects can move alongside the fibers with translational motion when applied perpendicular to the fiber.
Researchers at DESY synthesised the first transparent sample of cubic silicon nitride, a popular industrial ceramic that can withstand extreme temperatures and pressures. The new material has potential industrial applications in engines and other high-performance industries.
Researchers at Forschungszentrum Jülich develop a method to mix molecules with opposing intermolecular interactions, creating tailored surface structures. The technique enables the controlled production of active layer systems, which are crucial for organic electronics applications.
Scientists developed a novel double flow-focusing nozzle to reduce protein crystal consumption in X-ray crystallography. The new device enables stable experimental conditions, increases the rate of high-quality diffraction patterns, and widens the spectrum of biomolecules that can be analysed.
A team at MIT has developed a new mathematical approach to analyzing phonon-dislocation interactions, resolving longstanding mysteries about how dislocations affect material properties. The findings could inform future efforts to develop thermoelectric devices and other electronic systems.
Researchers at Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University and Delft University of Technology created a technology for obtaining gradient microstructures in metals, combining properties of two metals for high performance characteristics.
Physicists from MIPT predicted transparent composite media with unusual optical properties using graphics card-based simulations. These structures can exhibit birefringence, a phenomenon where light splits into two beams inside the medium.
Researchers have successfully created a phase of matter called a time crystal, where atoms move in a repeating pattern in time rather than space. This discovery opens up new possibilities for storing and transferring information in quantum computers.
Scientists at Northwestern University and University of Michigan report creating the most complex nanoparticle crystal ever made, with potential applications in controlling light, capturing pollutants, and delivering therapeutics. The crystal structure was achieved through a combination of DNA technology and controlled nanoparticle shape.
Researchers from NYU Tandon School of Engineering successfully assembled colloidal spheres into diamond and pyrochlore crystal structures, a breakthrough in creating efficient photonic crystals. The discovery has the potential to increase the efficiency of lasers and miniaturize optical components.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania have successfully grown colloidal crystals with a diamond structure, enabling special optical properties. The material, called a photonic bandgap material, could revolutionize photonics and enable the construction of 'transistors' for light.
The new battery uses hydronium ions as charge carriers, providing a sustainable alternative to traditional lithium-based batteries. It has the potential for high-power energy storage and stationary grid storage, making it an attractive option for researchers looking for new alternatives.
Researchers at KAUST developed a method for fine-scale imaging of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), visualizing their atomic structures without damage. The high sensitivity of detectors allowed them to acquire images with resolutions as low as 0.21 nanometers, revealing surface and interfacial structures.
Defective diamonds are transformed into highly perfect nanodiamonds using high-temperature conditions, enabling precision measurement of electromagnetic fields and other variables. This process improves the homogeneity of crystal lattices, paving the way for scalable methods in quantum sensing.
Researchers at MIT developed a method to produce high-resolution images of individual biomolecules without requiring crystallization. The technique uses nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond crystals to detect tiny variations in magnetic fields, achieving resolutions up to 100 times higher than conventional methods.
A new material has been developed using a simple method that can change color in response to environmental changes, making it suitable for use as sensors. The material also shows promise for bioimaging applications, allowing for non-invasive measurement of molecular interactions in real-time.
Researchers used high-intensity X-ray pulses to determine the structure of a viral cocoon down to a scale of 0.2 nanometres, approaching atom-scale resolution. The tiny viruses with their crystal casing are by far the smallest protein crystals ever analyzed using X-ray crystallography.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology create porous protein crystals with increased porosity, allowing for the accumulation and storage of exogenous molecules in living cells. The engineered crystals showed high stability and ability to retain fluorescent dyes in live cells.
Researchers predict two stable helium compounds, Na2He and Na2HeO, with unique properties. The discovery sheds light on extreme conditions inside gas giant planets and stars, where helium is a major component.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have developed a machine learning algorithm to predict point defects in intermetallic compounds with high accuracy. This method accelerates research on new advanced alloys and lightweight materials for various industries.
Researchers used a combination of computational power and experimental data to study magnetism in a real iron-platinum nanoparticle. The team was able to precisely model the atomic structure and simulate its magnetic properties, revealing defects and imperfections that affect performance.
Researchers discovered new properties in lead zirconate, a key material for creating efficient electrolyte-free accumulators. The discovery reveals unique atomic-scale processes that enable structural switching, contributing to significant energy release in a short period.
Researchers have successfully created the first time crystals, which repeat their structure in time due to periodic kicking. This breakthrough opens a new landscape of non-equilibrium matter with promise for quantum computing and memory storage.
Carnegie Mellon scientists develop synthetic gold nanoparticles with hierarchical structures similar to proteins, revealing mechanisms of self-assembly and potential applications in drug delivery and electronics. The study achieves the complexity of protein molecules through atomic-level understanding.
This review examines the role of non-ambient conditions in producing solid forms with controlled crystal structure, particle size, and shape. The authors discuss various processing techniques to achieve these optimized properties.
Researchers at Argonne have discovered a new approach to detail the formation of material changes at the atomic scale, capturing images of structural defects in palladium when exposed to hydrogen. This imaging capability will help validate models predicting material behavior and enable defect engineering for better materials.
New research suggests that erionite's carcinogenic effect may be caused by its fibrous structure, rather than iron present in accompanying minerals. The mineralogists' findings raise questions about the role of ferrous particles in erionite's toxicity.
Duke University researchers have solved the molecular structure of MurJ, a key protein in bacterial cell wall construction. The discovery could aid in the development of new antibiotics to combat mounting antibacterial resistance.
Scientists at ORNL have developed a novel crystallization method to capture carbon dioxide directly from ambient air. The method uses a guanidine sorbent that can be heated at relatively low temperatures to release the gas, reducing energy consumption and emissions.
A new crystal structure of organic-inorganic hybrid materials has been discovered, offering promise for the development of optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes and lasers. The material displays interesting optical properties, including high photo luminescence, making it a potential candidate for efficient light emission.
Russian researchers developed a model to simulate dislocation behavior in uranium dioxide, enabling predictions of nuclear fuel behavior under operating conditions. This study aims to improve the understanding of nuclear fuel properties and reduce accident risks.
Researchers used microseeding technique to overcome hemihedral twinning in protein crystals. The method successfully produced untwinned crystals of LigM, leading to improved crystal structure determination.
Researchers simulate 2D glass using supercomputers, revealing it can exhibit enhanced thermal vibration motion leading to infinite softening. This finding has potential applications in energy-saving societies.
Researchers study organizing principles behind high Z' crystal structures to understand material properties like solubility and bioavailability. By analyzing complex structures, they identify organization principles tied to chemical molecule details.
Researchers at ICIQ and OSU created a new method to prepare chromium polyoxocations, overcoming a huge synthetic challenge. The study found that controlling the formation of chromium clusters is key to expanding our understanding of metal-oxide cluster crystallization.
A Korean research team has published two papers detailing the crystal structure of PHA synthase from Ralstonia eutropha and its reaction mechanisms. The study reveals that PHA synthase exists as a dimer with two distinct domains, enabling independent polymerization reactions at each site.
Researchers have successfully elucidated the crystal structure of PHA synthase, a key enzyme in producing polyhydroxyalkanoates. This breakthrough enables the development of tailor-made biodegradable polymers that could potentially replace environmentally unfriendly petroleum-based products.
Tiny, glowing crystals can selectively capture heavy-metal toxins like lead and mercury from water sources, making them a promising tool for cleaning up contaminated drinking water. The LMOFs' open framework allows them to take in large amounts of contaminants, and they can be reused multiple times.
Researchers directly determined the relation between bandgap energy and size/shape of individual CsPbBr3 nanocrystals, revealing effective coupling between semiconductor NCs upon close contact. This study provides unique insights into interacting behavior of neighboring NCs and paves the way for designing large quantum structures.
A comprehensive digital database of magnetic structures, MAGNDATA, has been developed using systematic application of magnetic symmetry. The database contains over 400 commensurate and incommensurate magnetic structures, providing a standardized framework for description and storage of magnetic structures.
A team of scientists from Michigan Technological University and other institutions has discovered a new mineral, merelaniite, with a complex structure composed of layers of molybdenum disulfide and lead sulfide. The discovery showcases the intricate microscopic beauty of exotic materials, which may have useful applications.
Metallic glasses have the potential to revolutionize many commercial applications due to their toughness and hardness. The researchers uncovered the mechanism by which fivefold symmetry inhibits crystallisation, making it an important step in developing metallic glasses for various applications.
Rice University scientists fire micro-cubes at a target to rearrange their nanoscale structures, creating ultrastrong and tough materials. The technique, known as LIPIT, uses advanced laser-induced projectile impact testing to generate high pressure that far exceeds the material's strength.
Researchers from MIPT and JINR use intersecting laser beams to test protein crystal quality and spot peculiar protein features. This method improves the accuracy of detecting small crystals, essential for studying membrane proteins.
Researchers have developed a new way to reveal crystal features in functional materials using infrared light, allowing for detailed imaging at the nanoscale. The technique enables better design and optimization of material properties, with applications in electronics, energy conversion, and biological studies.