Articles tagged with Electrons
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
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Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered a way to enhance radiation therapy using iodine nanoparticles, which trigger cancer cell death when exposed to X-rays. The study reveals that the optimal energy level for X-ray irradiation is 33.2 keV, causing double-strand breaks in DNA and leading to programmed cell death.
Researchers calculate sun's electric field distribution, revealing its impact on solar wind acceleration. The study provides new insights into the sun's interaction with charged particles and their effect on Earth's activities.
The MOLLER experiment has received new grants totaling $9 million to support its precision measurement of the electron's weak charge. The grants come from the National Science Foundation and Canadian Foundation for Innovation, with matching awards from Research Manitoba, enabling higher-statistics results.
A new study has disproved an experiment that claimed to discover a novel form of superconductivity in strontium ruthenate, a material that plays an important role in unconventional superconductivity. The material behaves similarly to well-known high-temperature superconductors.
Physicists at University of Gothenburg create modern version of classical experiment to directly visualize electron quantization. A single levitated droplet is used to demonstrate the minimum, indivisible amount of charge, making it visible with naked eye.
Researchers have identified Alfven waves as the primary cause of the most brilliant auroras. These waves accelerate electrons toward Earth, producing atmospheric light show, through a process known as Landau damping. The study, conducted at the Large Plasma Device, confirms decades-long quest to demonstrate experimentally the physical ...
A team of scientists from UCLA and other institutions has confirmed the interaction between electrons and Alfvén waves, shedding light on the origin of the aurora borealis. The experiment replicated conditions in Earth's auroral magnetosphere, revealing that electrons undergo resonant acceleration by the Alfvén wave's electric field.
Researchers discovered a new electronic property in a specially engineered metal alloy, enabling the manipulation of heat with a magnetic 'switch'. The material, called Weyl semimetal, exhibits unusual electron behavior, generating and absorbing heat to create an energy pump.
Researchers successfully captured a video image of the bottom-up synthesis of fullerene C60, an allotrope resembling a soccer ball. The process was observed using single-molecule atomic resolution real-time electron microscopy (SMART-EM), revealing a kinetically and thermodynamically controlled cyclodehydrogenation reaction.
Researchers at Lancaster University have demonstrated that the recent observation of field effect in superconductors can be explained by a simple mechanism involving electron injection. The team's findings unambiguously refute the claim of novel physics behind the phenomenon.
Researchers at KAUST developed a new family of catalysts that leverage aromaticity for improved performance in reactions such as hydrogen production and ester formation. The PN3(P) pincer complexes exhibit high catalytic activity, but more importantly, provide insights into the role of aromaticity in catalysis.
Scientists at Max-Planck-Gesellschaft report a breakthrough in plasma wakefield acceleration technology. They successfully timed the production of proton microbunches that drive a wave in the plasma, fulfilling an important prerequisite for using Awake technology in collision experiments.
Researchers made a precise measurement of the lead nucleus's neutron skin, revealing it's thicker than expected. This thickness has implications for the physical processes in neutron stars and their size.
The KATRIN experiment has successfully narrowed the search for sterile neutrinos by ruling out certain mass and mixing ratio ranges. The results confirm that the neutrino mass is less than 1 electron volt, but leave room for a lighter type of sterile neutrino.
Researchers observed complete atomic structure of MnSOD and tracked proton movements using neutron scattering, revealing cyclic proton transfers between amino acids and solvent molecules. The findings open avenue for studying other electron-transfer enzymes.
Researchers investigate fundamental aspects of topological semimetals, enabling access to matter's physics and attractive platforms for electronic devices. A new family of semimetals has sparked interest due to their potential to revolutionize technology.
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory uses a one cubic kilometer block of ice in Antarctica to track high-energy particles called neutrinos. The observatory enables the detection of new cosmic events, such as a recent Glashow resonance event detected by IceCube, which validated the Standard Model of particle physics.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba successfully detect and map electronic spins in a working transistor made of molybdenum disulfide. This breakthrough could lead to the development of faster spintronic computers that exploit electrons' natural magnetism.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in tracing electron transfer processes at metal-molecule interfaces, allowing for the observation of electron excitation pathways in real-time. This achievement has fundamental implications for optimizing interfaces and nanostructures, potentially leading to new technologies.
Researchers at Tomsk Polytechnic University successfully measured a spectral line width of less than 0.01 percent using high-precision spectrometry equipment, revealing approximately 8,000 coherently radiating sources in the super-radiant regime.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen have created a novel approach for generating X-rays by utilizing a thin layer structure with varying electron densities. This 'sandwich structure' enables focused X-ray beams to be directed in a specific direction, overcoming the challenges of traditional X-ray tube methods.
Physicists Qimiao Si and Emilian Nica propose a new theory that explains how electrons form pairs in unconventional superconductors. Their work reveals a general phenomenon called multiorbital singlet pairing, which is crucial for understanding the behavior of iron-based and heavy-fermion materials.
Researchers found three regimes in gold plasmonic evolution: classical plasmon for large clusters, quantum confinement corrected plasmon for medium-sized clusters, and molecular plasmon for small clusters. The study uses atomic precision to understand the boundary between bulk, nano and molecule scale of gold plasmonic physics.
Scientists from Jülich researchers found an alternative cause for the dip in energy spectrum attributed to the Kondo effect. They propose new experiments based on their predictions, suggesting that much of what was thought about the Kondo effect needs re-examination.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have developed a technique to create quantum devices by 'sketching' patterns of electrons into programmable materials. This approach enables the creation of active nanostructured gates directly below two-dimensional materials like graphene, with feature sizes comparable to electron spacing.
Researchers at Penn State have created multilayered quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulators, enabling the realization of the QAH effect over a broader range of conditions. This allows for the construction of high-speed electronic highways with minimal energy loss, which could significantly improve information transfer speed.
Researchers create magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene to explore interacting electrons' surprising phases of matter. They discovered the creation of unexpected and spontaneous topological states, including topological insulators with free-moving edge electrons.
Scientists have detected new types of solar electron bursts accelerated by shock waves from coronal mass ejections. The Voyager spacecraft, over 14 billion miles from the sun, recorded these bursts, which were linked to cosmic rays and provided valuable insights into interstellar physics.
A team of French scientists has measured the fine-structure constant with unprecedented precision, achieving an accuracy of 11 significant digits. The new value opens up new possibilities for testing the Standard Model's theoretical predictions and shedding light on fundamental questions such as dark matter.
Marcy Stutzman, a Jefferson Lab staff scientist, has been named a Fellow of the American Vacuum Society for her work on producing ultra-high vacuum environments. She contributes to the smooth operation of the lab's primary particle accelerator by ensuring high-quality equipment and maintaining a contamination-free environment.
Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh have created a serpentine path for electrons, changing their properties and giving rise to new behavior. The work uses a nanoscale sketching technique to engineer spin-orbit interactions, which could be useful in future quantum technologies.
Researchers from University of Konstanz and LMU Munich demonstrate ultrafast electron diffraction to uncover nanomaterials' functionality. They observe quantum mechanical phase shift through interaction with light waves, providing a movie-like sequence of images revealing fundamental light-matter interactions.
Physicists have long wondered if crystals can form in time instead of space. Now, researchers have successfully created a time crystal in a high-temperature superconductor by applying a laser. This breakthrough establishes a new state of matter and opens up new possibilities for designing quantum materials on demand.
Cornell researchers have successfully trapped electrons in a two-dimensional semiconducting structure, forming the long-hypothesized Wigner crystal. The team achieved this by stacking two-dimensional semiconductors and using an optical sensing technique to observe the resulting electron crystals.
Researchers at the Heidelberg Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics have investigated ultrafast fragmentation of hydrogen molecules in intense laser fields using a new method. They used the rotation of the molecule as an internal clock to measure the timing of the reaction triggered by a second laser pulse.
Researchers at Nagoya University have directly observed the spatial distribution of a single valence electron in titanium oxide, revealing a butterfly-shaped distribution. The new Fourier synthesis method, called core differential Fourier synthesis (CDFS), can determine orbital states in materials regardless of their physical properties.
Scientists have discovered a novel electroactive bacterium, Desulfuromonas acetexigens, that preferentially grows on modified electrodes, producing higher current densities than existing species. This breakthrough could enable energy-neutral wastewater treatment using microbial electrolysis cells.
Researchers from MIPT have developed a prototype detector of high-energy particles capable of picking up protons and electrons with energies between 10-100 MeV. The device improves radiation protection for astronauts and advances our understanding of solar flares.
Researchers at the University of Washington have discovered that stacked graphene bilayers can exhibit highly correlated electron properties. The team found evidence of exotic magnetic states and correlated insulating states with features resembling superconductivity. The origins of these features are attributed to quantum mechanical p...
Researchers Leonid Sazanov and his team at IST Austria have solved the mystery of how complex I transports protons across the mitochondrial membrane. They discovered a water wire plays a crucial role in proton transfer, with conformational changes and electrostatic waves facilitating the movement of four protons per cycle.
Hyeon K. Park, a renowned plasma physicist, has made seminal contributions to fusion plasma diagnostics through his original works in ECEI and MIR. His research enhanced the synergies with numerical modeling and theories, leading to rich discoveries of novel plasma physics phenomena.
Researchers have developed a new tool to simulate electron-light interactions with unprecedented accuracy, enabling the study of ultra-fast processes and complex dynamics. The breakthrough, led by Professor Nahid Talebi, combines Maxwell and Schrödinger equations to describe electron-light interactions beyond adiabatic approximations.
A team at the University of Colorado Boulder developed a possible fix for the problem of spring cleaning on the moon: using an electron beam to zap away dust. The technology has shown promise in removing fine dust particles from surfaces, with an average cleaning power of 75-85%.
I-Wen Mike Chu and Robert Weigel collaborate on analyzing STET code simulations to model magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling processes. They will produce visualization tools and co-author a journal article on their findings.
Electrons in Planckian metals exhibit high-temperature superconductivity due to their desire for social distancing. By adjusting the ratio between kinetic energy and interaction energy, researchers created a model that captures the system's behavior down to absolute zero.
Researchers at the Flatiron Institute and Cornell University developed a robust theoretical model of strange metals, revealing their existence as a new state of matter. The model shows that strange metals exhibit properties linked to temperature and fundamental constants, with surprising connections to black holes and high-temperature ...
Wenliang Li, a postdoctoral researcher at William & Mary, is studying proton structure from a new angle using Jefferson Lab's 12 GeV electron beam. He's examining particles that fly backward in the interaction to learn more about proton structure.
A novel mechanism for electron optics in two-dimensional solid-state systems has been introduced, allowing for the control of electrons at the scale of micrometers and nanometers. This breakthrough enables the engineering of quantum-optical phenomena in a variety of materials.
Researchers have developed a new laser-based microscope that can resolve the distribution of electrons in crystal lattices with unprecedented resolution. The technique, known as Light Picoscopy, uses powerful laser pulses to drive electrons into fast motion, allowing them to emit radiation that reveals their position within the crystal.
Research by Alexei Frolov finds distinct relationships between particle masses and cluster properties, improving understanding of semiconductors' optical spectra. The study's formulas could be adapted to describe clusters with varying masses, enabling finer tuning of semiconductor properties.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt have confirmed a 90-year-old theory by measuring the recoil of ejected electrons in helium and nitrogen molecules. They observed the molecular movement when light particles hit individual molecules, confirming the effect of radiation pressure with recoil.
A team at Princeton University has detected signatures of a cascade of energy transitions in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene, which could help explain how superconductivity arises in this material. The researchers found that the addition of each electron caused a jump in the amount of energy needed to add another one.
A research team from the University of Göttingen has successfully harnessed the 'whispering gallery' effect to control electron beams using light. This breakthrough enables new possibilities for quantum technologies in nanoscale sensing and microscopy.
Scientists at UTokyo-IIS developed a machine learning algorithm to infer excited states from ground states of materials. The algorithm used artificial neural networks to analyze data from core-electron absorption spectroscopy, revealing new insights into chemical reactivity and material function.
Researchers at University of Freiburg developed a novel, stable oxidizing agent that overcomes common disadvantages of existing oxidants. The new reagent allows for the synthesis of reactive species in standard laboratory solvents and has broad applicability in inorganic, organic chemistry, electrochemical research.
Quasiperiodic structures exhibit unique beauty and intriguing physics, but a lack of overarching framework hindered understanding. Researchers establish versatile tools for exploring quantum behavior in diverse quasiperiodic settings, demonstrating the strength of their approach to uncover new physical mechanisms.
Physicists from Kyoto University have developed a new 'Nucletouch' table that reimagines the periodic table of elements around protons in the nucleus, rather than electrons. This shift highlights alternative ways to illustrate natural laws and provides a fresh perspective on familiar elements.
Physicists have measured electron flight times in a molecule to study the influence of the molecule on photoemission time. The measurements reveal a delay attributable to the molecular environment that becomes larger as the energy of the light pulses is reduced.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf have developed a novel material that can increase the frequency of terahertz radiation by a factor of seven, paving the way for potential IT applications. The material, cadmium arsenide, is a three-dimensional Dirac material that enables non-linear frequency conversion.
Researchers at Linköping University have developed a method to create thin metallic films using free electrons in a plasma, eliminating the need for powerful molecular reducing agents. This innovation enables the production of processors and similar components without the constraints of traditional chemical vapor deposition methods.