Energy Transfer
Articles tagged with Energy Transfer
Stabilized hybrid photocatalyst boosts artificial photosynthesis efficiency
Researchers develop hybrid photocatalyst system to overcome light-induced damage in molecular catalysts, significantly improving CO2-to-formate quantum yield from 6% to over 27%. The new design ensures selective excitation of semiconductors and prevents unwanted photochemical reactions.
Lead-free quantum dot glass paves the way for stable, eco-friendly lighting and display technologies
Researchers have developed a lead-free quantum dot glass that improves photoluminescent performance and stability, achieving a quantum yield of 43.45% after 450 days in hot and humid conditions. The material enables durable anti-counterfeiting optical codes and reliable solid-state lighting components.
‘Spin-flip’ in metal complexes can help solar cells leap beyond limits
Researchers successfully captured singlet-fission-amplified excitons with a molybdenum-based emitter, achieving 130% quantum yield and pushing the limits of solar cell efficiency. The team used a metal complex called 'spin-flip' emitter to harvest multiplied energy from singlet fission.
Cooling without gases: molecular design brings solid-state cooling closer to reality
Researchers develop a new material that exhibits improved reversibility in its barocaloric effect, allowing for a wider temperature range and increased refrigeration capacity. The material combines neopentyl glycol and pentaglycerine with added pentaerythritol to reduce thermal hysteresis.
Leaping puddles create new rules for water physics
A team of scientists, led by Associate Professor Jiangtao Cheng, has discovered a previously unreported method to get a puddle of water up to 1 cm wide to jump into the air. The bursting energy of bubbles trapped inside the droplets is key to this phenomenon.
As fossil fuel use declines, experts urge planning and coordination to prevent chaotic collapse
Researchers identify vulnerabilities in three major sectors: physical, financial, and managerial 'cliffs' that could trigger localized energy crises and price shocks. Policymakers are urged to adopt managed decline strategies to avoid disruption of services and stabilize the mid-transition period to zero carbon energy.
Thermal transport modulation in YbN-alloyed ALN thin films to the glassy limit
Scientists discover a new method to engineer crystalline materials with exceptionally low thermal conductivity by alloying YbN into AlN. This innovation has the potential to revolutionize industries such as semiconductor packaging and chemical reactors.
Water works: Groundbreaking study reveals hydropower’s power to cool southeast Asia’s carbon curve
A major new study proves that hydropower is a leading force in cutting carbon emissions, with the potential to reshape sustainable development in Southeast Asia. The study found that as hydropower consumption increases, CO2 emissions drop significantly, while reliance on fossil fuels drives emissions upward.
Quantum leap: Entangled states enhance energy transfer in models of molecular systems
Researchers at Rice University discovered that energy transfers faster between molecular sites when starting in an entangled state. This finding has implications for creating more efficient light-harvesting materials and understanding biochemical processes like photosynthesis.
New perspectives on light-matter interaction: innovative research focused on ultra-fast electronics
A new study published in Nature Photonics reveals that virtual charges significantly influence the material's response to ultrashort light pulses. The research, conducted by Politecnico di Milano and other institutions, used advanced techniques to isolate the effect of virtual vertical transitions on monocrystalline diamonds.
Chinese scientists identify neural basis for energy expenditure in arcuate hypothalamus
Researchers have identified a new population of hypothalamic neurons, Crabp1 neurons, that play a critical role in regulating energy expenditure. Silencing these neurons leads to reduced energy expenditure and obesity, while activating them enhances locomotor activity and protects against high-fat diet-induced weight gain.
Researchers reveal molecular assembly and efficient light harvesting of largest eukaryotic photosystem complex
Researchers discovered the largest eukaryotic photosystem I-fucoxanthin-chlorophyll supercomplex in coccolithophores, which can expand its light-harvesting cross-section by three to four times while maintaining over 95% energy conversion efficiency.
Researchers mimic a mystery of nature to make ice move on its own
Scientists at Virginia Tech mimic the natural movement of boulders on Racetrack Playa by creating a metal surface with asymmetric grooves that propel melting ice. The discovery has potential applications in rapid defrosting and energy harvesting.
Researchers shed light on photo electricity generation
Researchers have developed a three-dimensional imaging method to distinguish between two fundamental processes by which light is transformed into electric current in quantum materials. The breakthrough could lead to improvements in solar energy systems and optical communications technology.
Analysis documents changing trends in U.S. carbon emissions
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University analyze historical U.S. carbon emissions trends, identifying factors that contributed to changes and offering lessons for developing countries. The study suggests that investing in efficient technologies and avoiding overreliance on coal can help avoid pitfalls encountered by the United States.
Detecting electricity demand patterns using a new method for high-dimensional binary data
Researchers developed Group Encoding (GE) to forecast electricity demand using On/Off device status, improving prediction accuracy and efficiency in smart energy operation. The method simplifies complex datasets while retaining key information for optimal energy management.
Clingy planets can trigger own doom, suspect Cheops and TESS
Astronomers detect first-ever evidence of a 'planet with a death wish' as HIP 67522 b orbits extremely close to its host star, triggering flares that erode the planet's atmosphere. The radiation is so intense it causes the planet to shrink and lose mass at an alarming rate.
Uncovering the role of spacers in advancing portable, low-voltage OLEDs
A nanometer-thin spacer layer has been inserted into exciplex upconversion OLEDs (ExUC-OLEDs) to improve energy transfer, enhancing blue light emission by 77-fold. This design enables the use of previously incompatible materials, paving the way for lightweight, low-voltage, and more flexible OLEDs.
Solar soft X-ray spectrometer: New Instrument on space for solar emissions
A new solar X-ray detector on board the MSS-1B satellite achieves high accuracy in detecting spectral characteristics of X-ray solar flares. The instrument features a wide energy range, high count rate, and excellent spectral resolution.
Cool science: Researchers craft tiny biological tools using frozen ethanol
University of Missouri scientists have developed an ice lithography technique that etches small patterns onto fragile biological surfaces without damaging them. The method uses frozen ethanol to protect the surface and apply precise patterns.
Bubble control
A team of researchers at Kyoto University has developed an experimental setup to precisely adjust the distance between microbubbles, enabling the manipulation of liquid flows. By controlling bubble vibrations, they were able to synchronize their movements and alter the surrounding flow, providing a new fluid control tool for medical an...
Bidirectional 1200 V GaN switch with integrated free-wheeling diodes
Fraunhofer IAF presents a bidirectional 1200 V GaN switch with integrated free-wheeling diodes, enabling more efficient power electronics for energy generation and mobility. The switch can be used in grid-connected power converters and electric drive systems.
Museum to showcase Navy military medical innovations
The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory is hosting a family-friendly event to demonstrate military medical innovations, including virtual reality and medical simulation. The exhibit features devices developed to combat COVID-19 and protect against deadly insects.
Physics reveals the optimal roof ratios for energy efficiency
Researchers found that roofs with shorter peak heights (less than three feet) should be wider to minimize heat loss, while taller peaks require equilateral triangles with a specific height-to-width ratio. These findings are similar to those seen in ancient architecture across the world.
Three University of Virginia Engineering faculty elected as AAAS Fellows
Three UVA Engineering faculty members have been elected as AAAS Fellows for their groundbreaking work in computer architecture, energy transport, and hydrology. Sandhya Dwarkadas, Patrick E. Hopkins, and Venkataraman Lakshmi were recognized for their innovative research and contributions to their respective fields.
New study uncovers key pathways in hydronium and hydroxide ion neutralization
Researchers uncovered two electron-transfer mechanisms producing hydroxyl radicals, crucial in atmospheric chemistry. The findings reshape our understanding of acid-base chemistry and have implications for air quality, climate science, and biomedical processes.
Synthesis of organophosphorus (III) compounds from white phosphorus via an adduct-catalyzed tandem electro-thermal approach
Scientists have developed a novel synthesis method for trivalent phosphorus compounds, leveraging an adduct-catalyzed tandem electro-thermal approach to produce high-yielding organophosphorus compounds with improved efficiency and selectivity. The approach also enables the in-situ consumption of renewable energy sources.
Accelerating the proton transfer among electrolyte-electrode interface via regulating the interfacial hydrogen bond networks induced by extra catalytic centers
Researchers developed a strategy to regulate hydrogen bond networks at electrolyte-electrode interfaces, accelerating proton transfer in CO2 reduction reactions. The approach involves introducing extra catalytic centers, such as cubic phase molybdenum carbide, to enhance water dissociation and facilitate proton generation.
Artificial photosynthesis: Researchers mimic plants
Researchers have successfully imitated one of the first steps of natural photosynthesis by creating a stack of dyes that absorbs light energy and transfers charge carriers. This breakthrough has significant implications for artificial photosynthesis, which could potentially produce hydrogen and remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Breakthrough in rapid polymer nanostructure production
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have developed a new method for rapid scalable preparation of uniform nanostructures directly from block polymers, significantly reducing processing time from weeks to just minutes.
Chinese scientists explain energy transfer mechanism in chloroplasts and its evolution
Chloroplast NTT proteins facilitate ATP/ADP transfer, playing a crucial role in photosynthesis and crop yields. The study's findings support the endosymbiotic theory, suggesting that chloroplasts evolved from cyanobacteria through horizontal gene transfer.
Controlling electrons in molecules at ultrafast timescales
Scientists have found a way to control electrons in molecules using tailored terahertz light pulses, potentially leading to advances in electronics, energy transfer, and chemical reactions. This new method allows for precise control of molecular states essential for processes like solar cells and LEDs.
Incheon National University study pioneers breakthrough in wireless charging technology
Researchers at Incheon National University have pioneered a novel resonant tuning rectifier (RTR) for parallel compensated receivers in wireless power transfer. The RTR enhances efficiency via dynamic frequency adaptation, reducing circuit impedance and minimizing interference with other devices.
How does a ceramic melt under laser? Tunnel ionization dominant femtosecond ultrafast melting in MgO
Researchers find that intense laser pulses cause tunnel ionization, generating photocarriers and altering the lattice energy surface, leading to ultrafast melting of wide-gap ceramic materials like MgO. The study demonstrates a universal microscopic mechanism for laser-induced phase transitions.
University of Tennessee physicist named Cottrell Scholar
Assistant Professor Lawrence Lee receives $120,000 to strengthen transfer pipeline of physics students and continue his research on experimental high-energy particles. He aims to develop transformative educational programs and expand the audience for physics through outreach initiatives.
Shaping future of displays: clay/europium-based technology offers dual-mode versatility
The study introduces a game-changing concept in dual-mode display design by uniting luminescence and coloration within a single device. The device leverages smectite clay to stabilize europium(III) complexes for vibrant luminescence and heptyl viologen derivatives for striking color changes.
On the way to building better batteries
Weizmann researchers create new method to analyze dendrites in lithium-ion batteries, finding optimal composition for safe energy storage. The study reveals 'golden ratio' for electrolyte balance, extending battery life and reducing fire hazard.
Rice researchers take ‘significant leap forward’ with quantum simulation of molecular electron transfer
Researchers at Rice University have developed a programmable quantum system capable of independently controlling key factors in electron transfer. This breakthrough paves the way for novel insights into light-harvesting systems and molecular devices.
Making a difference: Efficient water harvesting from air possible
Researchers have developed a liquid moisture adsorbent that can efficiently harvest water from the air at near ambient temperatures. The technology, which uses random copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, has the potential to provide clean drinking water in arid regions and during disasters.
ISS National Lab publication highlights groundbreaking physical science research in space
Researchers on the ISS National Lab have leveraged microgravity to study fundamental physical phenomena, such as heat transfer, combustion, and fluid dynamics. These discoveries hold potential for advances in pharmaceuticals, energy production, materials manufacturing, and more.
Facing the wind: How trees behave across various forest settings and weather events
Researchers found that trees exhibit two distinct swaying patterns depending on wind speed, with branches absorbing energy in light winds and whole-tree sway in higher winds. The transition between patterns occurred at different wind speeds depending on forest density, shedding light on how forests respond to wind stress.
New device generates electricity from moisture in the air
Researchers at Binghamton University have developed a paper-based wearable device that captures moisture from the air and converts it into electricity. The device uses bacterial spores to break down water molecules into ions, generating an electric charge.
Breakthrough toward solving electronics overheating problem
Researchers developed a novel approach to regulate temperature based on gold structure concentration, improving spin wave transfer efficiency. This innovation has promising potential for future applications using spin waves and addresses the persistent issue of heat generation in electronic devices.
WPI researchers unlock the “silicate magic” for safer, cheaper, and more efficient batteries
Researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute have discovered a new method to create high-performance alkaline batteries using iron and silicate. The process suppresses hydrogen gas generation, improving the energy efficiency of battery systems.
New insights into hot carrier solar cells: Increasing generation and extraction
Researchers have made breakthroughs in hot carrier solar cells by studying electron tunneling and collection, increasing generation and extraction. The study revealed that a new system comprising AlGaAs and GaAs materials can harness valley photovoltaics and realize solar cells beyond the current single bandgap limits.
New strategy for simulating nonadiabatic dynamics of molecules at metal surfaces
A research team proposed a novel approach to simulate nonadiabatic dynamics of molecules at metal surfaces. The simulation strategy accurately captured the complex energy transfer processes in experiments, revealing different pathways for high and low initial vibrational states.
Developing innovative new display technologies! Create ultrahigh-definition screens efficiently!
A team of researchers has developed a double-layer dry transfer printing technology to create ultrahigh-definition light-emitting devices with high efficiency. This innovation enables better augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) experiences, reducing dizziness caused by small screens conveying large amounts of information.
Leaf-like solar concentrators promise major boost in solar efficiency
Researchers propose a leaf-inspired luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) design to overcome scalability limitations. The innovative setup enhances photon collection and transfer, improving efficiency and reducing self-absorption issues.
Enhancing electron transfer for highly efficient upconversion OLEDs
A team of researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology elucidated the mechanisms of electron transfer in upconversion organic light-emitting diodes, resulting in improved efficiency. They discovered a novel donor-acceptor combination that led to the fabrication of an efficient blue UC-OLED with an extremely low turn-on voltage.
Research catalogs greenhouse gas emissions tied to energy use for interbasin water transfers
A new study catalogs greenhouse gas emissions tied to energy use for interbasin water transfers, with a significant portion attributed to agriculture. The research found that irrigation-related emissions are substantial in certain locations, particularly those with high concentrations of agricultural land.
NUS researchers develop new battery-free technology to power electronic devices using ambient radiofrequency signals
A team of NUS researchers developed a compact and sensitive rectifier technology that uses nanoscale spin-rectifiers to convert ambient wireless radio frequency signals into DC voltage. The technology overcomes challenges in existing energy harvesting modules, enabling battery-free operation for small electronic devices.
Researchers engineer AI path to prevent power outages
University of Texas at Dallas researchers develop AI model that can automatically reroute electricity in milliseconds to prevent power outages. The system uses machine learning to map complex relationships between entities in a power distribution network, enabling faster response times than human-controlled processes.
Novel application of optical tweezers: colorfully showing molecular energy transfer
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have developed a novel technique to control Förster resonance energy transfer using optical tweezers. The method, which accelerates energy transfer by increasing laser intensity, offers a non-contact approach for microchemistry and quantum dot applications.
Key mechanism in nuclear reaction dynamics promises advances in nuclear physics
Researchers have made significant progress in understanding the one-neutron stripping process in lithium-6 and bismuth-209 reactions. The study reveals that this process yields results comparable to fusion reactions, especially at energy regions near nuclear barriers.
Geothermal model gives key insights into extracting renewable energy from superhot, super deep rock
Researchers have developed a computer model that sheds light on extracting renewable energy from superhot, super deep rock. The model shows the formation of microscopic cracks creating a dense 'cloud of permeability' throughout the affected rock, which can lead to higher power delivery and efficiency.
Unveiling novel energy phenomena from light exposure on layered materials
A recent study reveals that layered materials composed of low-dimensional structures exhibit new properties when exposed to light. The researchers found that electrons can transfer between layers and convert energy into thermal energy, facilitating fast thermal conversion.
Towards next-gen functional materials: direct observation of electron transfer in solids
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have developed a novel approach to directly observe electron transfer in solids using X-ray crystal structure analysis. This breakthrough could lead to advancements in energy storage, nanotechnology, and materials science research.
Discover optimal conditions for mass production of ultraviolet holograms
The study found that an 80% concentration of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and specific solvents leads to the highest pattern transfer efficiency. The conversion efficiency reaches impressive levels in the ultraviolet spectrum, paving the way for commercial viability of metasurfaces.
Bio-inspired materials’ potential for efficient mass transfer boosted by a new twist on a century-old theory
Researchers developed a new theory that bridges biological vessels and artificial materials, applicable to various functional materials. The Universal Murray's Law can optimize fluid transport in synthetic structures, boosting efficiency in energy storage, catalysis, and sensing.