Articles tagged with Fluids
High levels of specific proteins in spinal fluid may signal the onset of Lou Gehrig's disease. Researchers developed a diagnostic kit using these biomarkers, achieving 92% accuracy in identifying ALS patients.
A new algorithm developed by scientists at University of California, Davis, can extract features and patterns from huge data sets using minimal computing power. The algorithm has been successfully applied to analyze complex phenomena represented by billions of data points.
The article discusses recent geological findings, including rapid exhumation of ice-covered rocks in Southeast Alaska, a 9-degree warming in Greenland 14,700 years ago, and the onset of biomineralization in skeletal metazoans. It also presents a newly recognized eastern extension of the Nile deep-sea fan.
A new technique allows lab technicians to manipulate tiny quantities of liquid without contaminating them. Droplets can be made to bounce, float and move into the air using a bath of oil and vibrations.
Researchers found that episodes of dizziness in patients with Ménière's disease decrease over time. Surgery to drain fluid from the inner ear also appears to reduce vertigo in three-fourths of patients, according to a new study.
Researchers Leif Ristroph and Jun Zhang used a tabletop experiment to show that two or more flexible objects in a flow experience drag differently than rigid objects. For example, when one flag flaps, it reduces its own drag but increases the drag on its follower, contrary to expected behavior.
Researchers have developed a method for 3D optical imaging of anisotropic fluids like liquid crystals, allowing for detailed understanding of molecular order. The technique enables precise control over liquid crystal displays in devices such as TVs and laptops.
Cornell researchers develop a cost-effective method to create nanoscale devices by manipulating fluid droplets and using silicone rubber molds. The technique allows for the production of various architectures, including wires, disks, squares, triangles, and superlattices, with potential applications in computer memory and photonics.
Researchers have discovered how water snails can drag themselves across a fluid surface using the slime they secrete. By distorting the soft surface, the snail creates waves in the mucus layer that generate propulsive forces and move.
Researchers found a protein called TREM-2 in the spinal fluid of MS patients, suggesting it may be contributing to the disease. The protein's presence could lead to new pharmaceutical targets for MS prevention and treatment.
Researchers found that history and physical examinations accurately estimated fluid levels in patients with congestive heart failure. Additionally, those with extra fluid were at increased risk of hospitalization or death within six months.
The new valveless design reduces fuel consumption by up to 40 percent, and incorporating microstructured surfaces improves performance by up to 57 percent. These innovations aim to increase the efficiency of hydraulic pumps and motors in heavy construction equipment.
A new study published in the Archives of Pediatric & Adolescent Medicine found that ondansetron significantly reduces vomiting and hospital admissions in children with acute gastroenteritis. The medication also decreases the need for intravenous fluids by nearly two-thirds.
Researchers found 15% of amniotic fluid samples harbored bacteria or fungi, contributing to premature birth. The heavier the burden, the more likely a baby was born younger and sicker.
Researchers used terahertz absorption spectroscopy to study the motion of water molecules during protein folding. Water molecules change to a native-type arrangement much faster than the protein, helping establish its correct configuration. This 'designer fluid' plays a crucial role in life.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered that inhaling stomach fluid can drive the development of asthma by altering the immune system's response. This study suggests chronic micro-aspiration of gastric fluid may be a key factor in linking GERD and asthma, offering new directions for treatment options.
A new design for an automated, wearable artificial kidney eliminates complications of traditional dialysis. The device functions continuously, providing cleansing and fluid balance on a continuous basis, and regenerates and reuses spent dialysate to minimize protein loss.
Researchers at McMaster University have developed self-moisturizing contact lenses using hyaluronic acid, a natural polymer found in the human body. This innovative approach reduces eye dryness and increases wearer comfort, offering a greener alternative to existing synthetic materials.
A cohort of half a million patients in Taiwan found that chronic kidney disease has a high prevalence and associated all-cause mortality, especially in low socioeconomic status groups. CKD is treatable and preventable at earlier stages, but awareness and treatment are often lacking globally.
Scientists have discovered a novel compound that targets acute secretory diarrhea caused by E. coli and other enterotoxigenic strains of bacteria, reducing fluid secretion without apparent toxicity. The compound could be an inexpensive, easy-to-take treatment for debilitating illnesses leading to child deaths in developing countries.
A two-year-old mud volcano in Indonesia was triggered by drilling operations, according to a detailed scientific analysis published this week. The study disproves the theory that an earthquake was responsible for the eruption.
Researchers measured breast cancer patients' upper limb volume before and after surgery to establish a baseline and monitor for lymphedema. The study found that early detection using compression garments effectively treated subclinical lymphedema.
New research using atomic force microscopy reveals that liquids can respond to environmental changes by adjusting their viscosity. When confined to a nanometer-sized space and shaken, these liquids exhibit structural and mechanical properties similar to those in thicker layers.
Researchers at UC San Diego report improved resuscitation with a radically different approach combining hypertonic saline with viscosity enhancers that thicken blood. Dramatic increases in healthy blood flow through tissues and organs were observed in hamsters with severe blood loss.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University developed a coarse-grained computer model to simulate cell membrane dynamics, allowing for the observation of membrane behaviors at hundreds of nanometers. The model reveals a purely physical mechanism that enables vesiculation, a critical process for cellular survival.
Researcher Mark Paul aims to analyze complex systems like weather and climate using high-performance computing. His goal is to improve understanding of spatiotemporal chaos and its impact on energy production and consumption.
Researchers developed a technique to extract small amounts of hemolymph from fruit flies, which could expedite understanding of neural physiology and disease mechanisms. The new method is more efficient and precise than traditional methods, allowing for individual organism analysis.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have discovered a new method to control fluid particle motion in tiny channels. By arranging particles in layers aligned with channel boundaries, they can promote faster particle transport and improve the efficiency of micro- and nano-scale technologies.
A super-sensitive mini-sensor developed at NIST can detect nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in tiny samples of fluids flowing through a novel microchip. This technology has wide application as a sensitive chemical analyzer for rapid screening to find new drugs.
A new study reveals that increased expression of the protein sFRP-1, an inhibitor of cell signaling through WNT proteins, is responsible for elevated intraocular pressure in individuals with glaucoma. Restoring WNT signaling may offer a novel treatment approach to manage the disease.
Researchers at Schepens Eye Research Institute found that blocking VEGF can damage the cell lining preventing fluid from leaking into the brain. This may contribute to Avastin's neurological side effects in humans.
Scientists study fluid structures in moist sand using x-ray microtomography and find that the fluid and grains coexist in a filigree structure. This discovery explains the universal stiffness of wet granules, relevant to various industries such as pharmaceuticals and food production.
Researchers used laboratory experiments and calculations to understand how thin tendrils of magma can persist in roiling fluids, forming hotspot volcanism. The study applies to both small-scale and large-scale geological features, providing insights into Earth's interior dynamics.
A new approach extracts optically basic properties of liquid/gel interfaces in strong flows using video analysis, enabling measurements on biological and industrial systems. The researchers discovered that small amounts of 'mechanical noise' produce significant motion at the fluid/gel interface.
Researchers created tiny carbon-based pipettes that can probe cells with minimal intrusion and inject fluids without damaging cell growth. These nanoscale devices have potential applications in nanosurgery and the development of new drugs and therapeutics.
The Modified MyPyramid for Older Adults prioritizes nutrient-dense foods, including whole grains, fruits, and vegetables, with a focus on fiber-rich options. Regular physical activity is also emphasized to reduce chronic disease risk and improve quality of life.
Researchers identified a critical role for the hormone adrenomedullin in forming the lymphatic system, which could lead to new treatments for lymphedema. Targeting this hormone may also prevent cancer cells from spreading through lymphatic vessels.
Researchers have identified potential geothermal energy resources in the northern Basin and Range province, characterized by high thermal gradients and deep permeable pathways. The discovery uses helium isotope ratios to map zones of higher than average permeability, offering a new tool for identifying geothermal energy resources.
Researchers discovered that carnivorous pitcher plants employ slimy secretions to capture prey, utilizing viscoelastic properties to ensnare insects. The fluid's unique constituency enables it to remain effective even in heavy rainfall conditions.
Miniature smart dust probes are being developed to collect data on fluid systems. Researchers have also created stealthy gas-filled antennas that can be reconfigured for improved signal reception, while a new analysis improves calculations for high-energy physics experiments by factors of a million
Researchers at NIST and George Mason University have created a tiny microwave oven that can heat a pinhead-sized drop of liquid with precision. The micro microwave is designed for lab-on-a-chip devices, which perform rapid chemical analyses on tiny samples.
Researchers found that heart failure nurses make a positive impact on patients' adherence to nonpharmacologic treatment, particularly in daily weighing and fluid/salt restrictions. The study showed improved compliance with these measures in patients receiving intensive support from a heart failure nurse.
Researchers used computer simulations to show how electrons become one thousand times more massive in certain metal compounds at extremely low temperatures. This finding may provide new clues for understanding superconductivity and fabricating new superconducting materials.
Researchers at University of Bristol show that small drops can climb an incline of 85 degrees by overcoming surface tension through vigorous shaking. The method may aid in understanding fluid manipulation and DNA microarray analysis.
Researchers have created magnetic snakes that can control the flow of surrounding fluids, create gravity-defying droplets, and uncover the secrets of a dragonfly's flight mechanics. By manipulating magnetic fields, the snakes can create waves on the surface of water and form segmented patterns.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a new microbial fuel cell that harnesses the power of cow waste to generate electricity. The small cell can produce about three times the power as its predecessor and is a quarter of its size, making it a promising alternative energy source.
Researchers have developed a new software that allows for super-realistic animation of beers pouring. The technology uses smoothed particle hydrodynamics to create more efficient and realistic animations, making it accessible to smaller film production houses.
Researchers discovered periodontal bacteria, including P. Gingivalis, in the amniotic fluid of 30% of pregnant women with threatened premature labor. The presence of these bacteria may pose a risk to both mothers and babies.
Researchers used time-lapse recordings to study IVF embryo development, finding that extended culture increases the likelihood of twinning. Blastocyst collapse may be caused by failed cell junctions, leading to degeneration and the formation of a second inner cell mass.
Researchers at EPFL discovered how tumor cells exploit slow fluid flow in the lymphatic system to migrate to functional vessels. The study highlights the importance of biophysical environment and continuous slow flow in tumor cell migration.
A study published in Radiology found that MDCT can aid forensics teams in determining if a person has drowned by demonstrating airway froth and sediment. The procedure may provide support for the diagnosis of drowning when other causes have been excluded.
Researchers used MRS to evaluate fetal lung maturity in amniotic fluid samples, finding choline levels above 49 mg/g indicate mature lungs. This non-invasive method could spare pregnant women and their fetuses from risks of amniocentesis.
A new report suggests that ocean warming may cause changes to the planet's rotation, potentially shortening the length of day by approximately 0.12 milliseconds. Additionally, researchers have found a link between seasonal seismicity in the Himalayas and fluid infiltration, which could modulate earthquake generation.
A recent study by Dr Chris Byrne of the University of Exeter found that drinking large amounts of water during exercise has no effect on body temperature or performance. Runners lost an average of 1.5 litres of sweat per hour and reached high body temperatures, regardless of fluid intake.
A U of T-led project, FLUID, aims to provide consistent and accessible web services worldwide. The project will develop modular interface components and software architecture to support their implementation, ultimately enhancing the web experience for users with special needs.
New research led by Gregory Jay at Brown University shows that protein lubricin, not just hyaluronate, is crucial for protecting joints from wear and reducing arthritis risk. The study found that adding lubricin to supplements could restore elasticity in synovial fluid.
A Sandia National Laboratories handheld device determines if a patient has gum disease and quantifies its advancement in minutes from a tiny saliva sample. The device's technology also shows promise for detecting biotoxins, improving prostate and breast cancer diagnosis, and measuring animal serum in vaccines.
The MIT team has visualized a complex network of two types of curves formed by two distinct groups of particles. The first type of curve attracts other fluid particles, while the second type repels them. This discovery may lead to better understanding of turbulent mixing and aid in designing more efficient vehicles.
Researchers at University of Chicago and Bordeaux use laser beams to generate bulk flow in fluids, a phenomenon known as radiation pressure. The technique may offer a new twist to microfluidics, allowing for rapid adjustments and more efficient chemical reactions.
The EVEREST trial shows that oral tolvaptan improves patient-assessed global clinical status, body weight, and reduces dyspnea in hospitalized heart failure patients, while also measuring long-term effects on mortality and hospitalization rates.