Articles tagged with Fluids
Researchers at University of Chicago and Bordeaux use laser beams to generate bulk flow in fluids, a phenomenon known as radiation pressure. The technique may offer a new twist to microfluidics, allowing for rapid adjustments and more efficient chemical reactions.
Researchers Twan Gielen designed a simulation programme to study the interactions between oil and water in a controlled environment. The model shows how capillary pressure affects oil and water movement, providing insights into contaminated groundwater behaviour.
The EVEREST trial shows that oral tolvaptan improves patient-assessed global clinical status, body weight, and reduces dyspnea in hospitalized heart failure patients, while also measuring long-term effects on mortality and hospitalization rates.
Researchers are conducting a study to analyze saliva and gingival crevicular fluid using proteomics to identify unique proteins in oral fluids. This analysis may lead to the discovery of new ways to diagnose and treat diseases such as HIV, hepatitis, and certain cancers.
Researchers Uzi Landman and Wei Kang show that Navier-Stokes equations can accurately describe liquid bridge behavior in realistic environments. Their study reveals the importance of molecular evaporation and condensation processes in shaping the nanobridge's shape.
New images from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter show linear fractures and 'halos' of light-toned bedrock, suggesting past fluid flow through underlying bedrock. The findings provide a promising site to search for evidence of habitable niches in the Martian past.
Researchers at Yale University developed a novel method to detect abnormal proteins in amniotic fluid, indicating a higher risk of delivering prematurely. The study found that these proteins are associated with inflammation and infection, allowing for earlier detection and treatment of neonatal infections.
New research suggests that deep-sea black smokers may be producing sound waves that guide fish to food sources. The sounds, which resemble rumbling or a hairdryer, could also help fish navigate the dark environment and avoid hot waters.
A recent Pittsburgh ear study has found no significant impact of fluid in the middle ear on developmental outcomes in children up to age 11. The study, which tracked over 6,300 children, suggests that most children with fluid can wait without intervention.
Researchers developed a score based on protein markers to predict inflammation in amniotic fluid, associated with preterm delivery and infant sepsis. The 'Mass Restricted' (MR) score showed promise in identifying women at risk of preterm birth and babies with suspected or confirmed sepsis.
Researchers have isolated broad potential stem cells from amniotic fluid, which can give rise to various specialized cell types. These cells, named amniotic fluid-derived stem (AFS) cells, may represent an intermediate stage between embryonic and adult stem cells.
Research found that fluid displacement from the legs to the neck can narrow soft tissue around the throat and increase airflow resistance in healthy individuals, predisposing them to obstructive sleep apnea. The study involved measuring leg fluid volume, neck circumference, and airflow resistance in 11 non-obese subjects, with results ...
University of Utah engineers invented a tiny, inexpensive micropump that can move chemicals, blood or other samples through a card-sized medical laboratory. The pump could aid development of lab-on-a-chip technology, which aims to reduce the price and time for lab tests.
Women undergoing drug-induced labor have nearly a two-fold increased risk of amniotic-fluid embolism, a rare but serious delivery complication. The study found that labour induction increases the risk of this condition, with fatal cases being 3.5 times more frequent.
Researchers at MIT have developed a novel micropump that enables the creation of fully portable 'lab on a chip' devices. This innovation promises to revolutionize biology and chemistry by allowing for rapid and efficient testing in any setting, with potential applications in military use, medical diagnoses, and first responders.
Researchers create experimental models of hierarchical topologies by mixing components in a fluid and then 'freezing' them in place. This method allows for the study of self-assembly at the nano-scale, enabling diverse industries to generate new materials with enhanced properties such as super adhesion and low friction.
University of Michigan researchers successfully assembled nanoparticles into free-floating sheets using cadmium telluride crystals, a material used in solar cells. The discovery establishes a key connection between proteins and nanoparticles, enabling the development of novel materials for drug delivery, energy, and more.
Trevor Shen Kuan Ng's Ph.D. thesis focuses on the mechanical properties of dough and its behavior under forces, providing valuable information for commercial bakeries. His research has led to a deeper understanding of gluten's role in dough elasticity and texture.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed arrays of robotic whiskers that sense information about object shape and fluid flow. These artificial whiskers can extract three-dimensional features from solid objects by analyzing bending moments and strain gauges.
A study conducted at the University of California, Davis found that contrast-enhanced sonography accurately depicted 91% of liver, spleen, or renal injuries, outperforming non-contrast enhanced sonography.
Researchers used a high-performance computer to create a simulation of the 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center's North Tower, revealing the destruction of nearly 25% of the building's columns. The simulation aims to improve understanding of aircraft collisions and structural damage, with potential applications in designing safer buil...
Researchers discovered that bacteria employ a bungee-like structure called fimbriae with an adhesive protein at their tip to cling to mucous membranes. The mechanical properties of these structures allow them to grip even more tightly under force, helping bacteria persist in the human body.
Monazite crystals contain thorium and can be used to date rocks altered by high-temperature fluids. In a new study, researchers found that monazite dissolves readily in hydrothermal fluids, resetting its clock and allowing for accurate dating of affected areas.
Researchers created a 3D computer simulation to mimic the complex process of reopening collapsed airways. The study found that 'fluid inertia' plays a crucial role in assessing the pressure required to reopen blocked airways, which is essential for preventing lung damage.
Researchers have developed a digital magnetofluidics method that enables precise analysis of biological fluids using nanoscale surface patterns. This technology holds promise for improving medical diagnoses, environmental safety, and public security by reducing testing time and costs.
Dr. Michael J. Shelley received the SIAM's Julian Cole Lectureship for his work on mathematical modeling and scientific computation in fluid dynamics and other fields. His research focuses on flow-body interactions, complex fluids, and visual perception using modeling and simulation.
Dr. Turner's research on the Na-K-2Cl co-transporter (NKCC1) has significantly advanced our understanding of salivation and fluid secretion. His work has led to the development of valuable experimental tools, benefiting researchers worldwide.
Researchers like Joseph Messina and Patrick Kochanek explore ways to improve survival rates for patients with trauma injuries using insulin-sensitizing agents and novel resuscitation fluids.
Researchers found that a conservative fluid management strategy improved lung function, shortened mechanical ventilation time, and reduced intensive care unit days without increasing organ failure risk. The study suggests that using less fluid may be more beneficial for patients with acute lung injury or respiratory distress syndrome.
A new study suggests that lixivaptan, a drug blocking vasopressin, is as effective as diuretics in reducing fluid retention in patients with congestive heart failure while also retaining proper sodium levels. The drug may offer an alternative treatment for heart failure patients and help clarify the role of vasopressin in water retention.
Researchers developed a microfluidic instrument to measure interfacial tension between two fluids. The device tracks changes over time as drops move through the channel, producing a measurement in approximately 1 second.
Researchers found that cystic fibrosis airway glands have defective gland secretion due to a lack of fluid secretion from glands. The study suggests that loss of CFTR-mediated fluid secretion is the main cause of mucus buildup in cystic fibrosis.
Scientists at the University of Illinois discovered a newly recognized hazard in rare volcanic eruptions, characterized by wavy and scalloped umbrellas. The unusual plume behavior, fueled by steam and ash, could lead to unexpected and dangerous ash flows that spread rapidly over surrounding areas.
A Johns Hopkins study found that emergency departments across the US struggle to stabilize children in critical conditions, with many failing to administer life-saving treatments. The researchers suggest that hospitals conduct regular drills to identify areas for improvement and enhance their pediatric care.
A study by Washington University researchers reveals that heat-loving microbes create energy through various reactions, including the use of sulfur and hydrogen. The findings hold clues to the origin of life on Earth, suggesting a high-temperature environment as the likely last common ancestor.
Mount Sinai School of Medicine researchers identified three proteins found in lower concentration in ALS patients' cerebral spinal fluid, showing 95% accuracy in diagnosing the disease. Early testing may provide relief from symptoms years earlier than current methods.
The study found that timely antibiotic treatment was key to patients' survival, with a mortality rate of nearly 80% when treatment was delayed beyond six days. Anthrax progression to its advanced stage often leads to certain death, even with modern care.
Researchers discovered that larval Antarctic fish have thin skin and undeveloped gills, protecting them from freezing temperatures. The production of antifreeze proteins increased gradually over three months, allowing the fish to adapt to their environment.
A new proteomic profiling test can detect preterm birth risk in 20-30 minutes, predicting delivery times of four days or less. The test uses fresh amniotic fluid samples and is faster than current methods.
Researchers have developed a new test that can predict fetal complications from intrauterine inflammation/infection, providing faster results and higher accuracy than traditional methods. The test uses proteomic profiling of amniotic fluid to identify biomarkers of inflammation, allowing for early intervention and potentially reducing ...
University of Illinois researchers Gustavo Gioia and Pinaki Chakraborty explain the behavior, which was previously unknown. The findings provide a new way to calculate friction forces along rough walls.
Researchers create novel approach to tackle phase-change process, calculating critical point properties for the first time. The simulation findings match predictions and experimental results, including microgravity measurements on the Space Shuttle.
Researchers at NYU studied the movement of polymer beads in a viscous fluid and found that low concentrations could be reversed, but higher concentrations led to irreversible behavior. This phenomenon is caused by extreme sensitivity to small changes in particle positions, making it a key finding for understanding chaotic systems.
Researchers create a unique fluid-like state by combining air with granular materials, exhibiting unusual characteristics at room temperature. The team observed two stages in the jet's formation, highlighting the importance of air pressure in its development.
A pilot study published in BMC Neurology identified 16 proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid of CFS patients that are not found in healthy individuals, potentially providing a biosignature for diagnosis. The study concludes that chronic fatigue syndrome may be a legitimate neurological disease.
The RAPID-CHF trial found that ultrafiltration therapy was safe and effective for patients with acute decompensated heart failure, removing more fluid and improving symptoms compared to standard treatment with intravenous diuretics. A larger trial is underway to compare its effectiveness.
Researchers at the University of Kentucky developed carbon nanotube membranes that allow for fast transit approaching the speed of biological channels. The membranes' scalable fabrication enables industrially useful chemical separations.
EPFL researchers used Photonic Force Microscopy to track Brownian fluctuations of a single particle at microsecond time scales and nanometer length scales, validating the corrected form of the standard theory. This validation underlines the importance of dynamical effects in Brownian motion at very small time scales.
Scientists from Boston Children's Hospital successfully engineered tracheas using mesenchymal stem cells from amniotic fluid, allowing fetal lambs to breathe spontaneously after birth. This breakthrough technique aims to fix life-threatening tracheal defects in utero.
Johns Hopkins researchers identify elevated levels of IL-6 in spinal fluid of patients with transverse myelitis, a condition that can lead to permanent paralysis. The study also found correlations between IL-6 levels and disease severity, shedding light on the mechanisms behind demyelinating disorders.
A Canadian-led study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that amnioinfusion does not reduce the risk of meconium aspiration syndrome. Meconium aspiration syndrome is a rare but serious neonatal lung condition caused by inhaling a mixture of meconium and amniotic fluid during labor.
Scientists have discovered a way to create electricity from cow waste by harnessing the power of microorganisms that break down cellulose. This process uses rumen fluid and cow dung to generate electricity, offering a promising alternative to traditional energy sources.
Researchers found evidence for differential rotation of Earth's solid inner core, with the core rotating faster than the surrounding mantle and crust. The discovery suggests electromagnetic coupling is driving the inner core's motion, generating an electric current that causes it to spin.
The discovery of a diuretic hormone in malaria mosquitoes could lead to the development of a pesticide for controlling mosquitoes. The hormone, DH31, causes the mosquito to excrete fluid rich in sodium chloride, potentially leading to its death.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that prompt ear tube insertion does not improve developmental outcomes in healthy children with middle-ear effusion, contrary to previous findings. The study enrolled 6,350 infants and followed them regularly for three years.
Researchers have identified tadpoles as a suitable model system for studying the lymphatic vessel network, essential for regulating fluid in the body and supporting the immune system. This breakthrough could lead to new solutions for illnesses caused by faults in the lymphatic vessel network, including cancer and lymphedema.
A novel method for disinfecting long-term intravascular devices with ethanol solution may prevent serious bloodstream infections and hospital deaths. The study found no adverse effect on the catheter materials after a daily rinse cycle.
A new report outlines recommendations for reviewing advanced first-responder resuscitation fluids and adjunct therapies. The study identifies promising products with potential to improve treatment of life-threatening hemorrhage, and provides guidance on product investigations, data inclusion, and funding.
Researchers have discovered a mechanism by which bean plants can prevent fluid loss when injured, using contractile protein bodies that change shape in response to calcium concentrations. Vetch aphids overcome this blockage by injecting saliva into the plant.
Researchers at Queen's University have discovered a 13-million-year cycle in the mountain-building process, which is significantly shorter than previously believed. This finding has implications for our understanding of geological processes that shape the Earth, including the formation of volcanoes and deep-seated continental earthquakes.