The study of Natronomonas pharaonis reveals its unique ability to thrive in extremely alkaline and salty environments. The organism's genome encodes the synthesis of 2,843 proteins, which are stable even at high salt concentrations.
The new cohesive gel implants have been shown to provide a more natural and proportionate breast shape, with a low risk of rippling. The study found that only 3.4% of patients experienced complications, including hematoma, capsular contracture, and asymmetry.
Combining chemotherapy with radiation therapy before surgery improves local tumor control and reduces cancer return rates. The study, published by the American Society for Radiation Oncology, suggests this treatment should be recommended for most rectal cancer patients.
Rutgers University engineers are monitoring the buildup of empty containers in New Jersey and proposing strategies to improve their management. Rising steel costs have made it more economical for shipping companies to take back empties, but a study aims to optimize container movement within the region.
A new one-week radiation treatment for breast cancer patients has shown promising results, with no patient recurrence after 48 months and 80% of women experiencing good-to-excellent cosmetic outcomes. The treatment uses MammoSite brachytherapy to deliver high doses of radiation to the surrounding tumor area.
A study combining data from 13 randomized trials found that beta blockers increase the risk of stroke by 16% compared to other antihypertensive drugs. The researchers suggest switching to alternative low-cost treatments for patients without heart disease, while cautioning against abrupt changes under doctor supervision.
A Dartmouth professor warns that GIS technology can be used to manipulate election results, as state legislatures have incentives to use partisan information but few incentives to respect communities of interest. Nonpartisan redistricting commissions may offer a solution, but clear rules are needed to ensure fair representation.
Paleontologist Sankar Chatterjee presents evidence that dinosaurs like Microraptor gui used biplane wings, which were likely the first experiment in natural flight. The discovery supports the trees-down theory, suggesting that avian flight began with gliding and then developed into powered flight.
A new mouse model has been developed to study secondary malignant neoplasms (SMNs) induced by chemotherapy and radiation in humans. The Nf1 mutant mice model mimics human SMNs, including leukemia, sarcoma, and breast cancers, providing a tractable system for mechanistic studies and testing preventive strategies.
Subordinate male cichlid fish rapidly develop dominant behaviors and physiology after a social opportunity, linked to early expression of the egr-1 gene. The study reveals a neural mechanism linking social status to sexual physiology in animals.
USDLA honored Stevens WebCampus for its exceptional online programs, innovative approaches to education and training, and outstanding student outcomes. With over 6,000 graduate students enrolled globally, WebCampus has established itself as a leader in distance learning, providing high-quality courses and support services.
Researchers suggest that high winds over rough terrain can generate acoustic waves that heat the atmosphere at prodigious rates. These waves could account for mysterious 'hotspots' observed above the Andes and Rocky Mountains.
Scientists and educators defend evolution against trained attackers by focusing on ID's weak points, using humor, and emphasizing irrefutable facts. Multiple levels of antievolutionism are being attacked in various fields, including geoscience and space science education.
A study by Stanford University researchers found that low-ranking male cichlids can quickly become dominant without a fight. They undergo rapid physical transformations, including changes in body coloration and the appearance of a prominent eyebar. This transformation allows them to defend their newly acquired breeding grounds.
Scientists have identified a new compound in cranberries that prevents cancer cells from breaking away and spreading to other parts of the body. The compound inhibits the growth of human lung, colon, and leukemia cells in culture without affecting healthy cells.
A new study found that red blood cells filtered through the Pall Leukotrap Affinity Prion Reduction Filter System retain their therapeutic value and quality after 42 days of storage, exceeding FDA requirements. The filter demonstrated a 99.9% reduction of prions, including sporadic CJD, scrapie, and mouse-adapted human vCJD.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified Notch as a key regulator of Th2 immune responses, which are impaired in mice lacking this signaling pathway. This study suggests that inhibiting Notch signaling may be beneficial for treating diseases characterized by excessive Th2 responses, such as asthm...
Researcher Benjamin Poulter found that wildfires can lead to the conversion of forested areas into marshlands as sea levels rise. In some cases, controlled burning can help forests re-establish themselves if allowed to recover for a period of time.
A new approach to studying oil, politics, and democracy suggests that America's oil age may be coming to an end. Researchers are re-examining policy in 50-100 year ranges instead of traditional 5-20 year cycles, pointing to potential decades-long shifts in oil policy.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have discovered a new mathematical formula, called the advected delta-vee equation, that can help predict turbulent flow behavior. This equation provides a shortcut to describe a complex characteristic of turbulence called intermittency, which is difficult to include in computer models.
A team of international researchers has discovered a new method to link qubit rings, which could lead to the creation of the world's most powerful computers. The breakthrough opens up the possibility of creating quantum gates, a more advanced version of processors found in modern computers.
Researchers developed a risk calculator to assess patient risk levels and recommend treatment options for patients with ocular hypertension. The tool identifies key factors predictive of disease progression, enabling physicians to make informed decisions about treatment.
A new study finds black women with chronic pain experience higher levels of disability, post-traumatic stress disorder, and emotional impairment compared to white women. The research emphasizes the need for improved access to quality pain care and a better understanding of minority patients' needs.
Researchers warn that even low levels of environmental toxins like lead, trihalomethanes, radon, and tobacco smoke can cause serious health damage. No safe threshold exists for these toxins, emphasizing the need to restrict exposure to protect human health.
Subordinate male fish undergo rapid transformation when more dominant males are removed, exhibiting increased aggression, brightness in colors, and changes in brain gene expression. The research reveals a crucial connection between social cues and reproductive physiology in both humans and fish.
Researchers found that brain regions beyond the injury site play a critical role in understanding behavioral deficits and assessing options for acceleration of recovery from stroke-related spatial neglect. Functional magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed activity changes in distant brain areas correlated with impairment severity.
Moxifloxacin could be the first new treatment for TB in over 40 years, shortening treatment period by nearly two months. Researchers aim to assess ability of antibiotic to cure disease more effectively and with better patient tolerance.
The HealthGrades Hospital Quality in America Study found a significant 'quality chasm' between the nation's best-performing hospitals and worst-performing hospitals, with better outcomes associated with higher hospital volumes and intensivists staffing intensive care units. Overall mortality rates improved by 12% across the nation, but...
A large multicenter randomized study involving 384 patients found the CYPHER Stent to have a superior safety profile compared to intravascular brachytherapy. The study showed lower incidence of target vessel failure and major adverse cardiac events with the CYPHER Stent at nine-month follow-up.
A large single-institution study evaluated the safety and efficacy of MammoSite, a type of partial breast irradiation. The study found that toxicities were similar to those reported in previous registries, with acceptable complications and comparable cosmetic outcomes.
Researchers detected 'milky seas' in the northwest Indian Ocean using satellite data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. The glowing waters were found to last at least three nights and span an area roughly the size of Connecticut, with boundaries matching surface ship reports.
A study published in Cancer Cell reveals that combining therapies targeting EGFR and Akt can improve treatment outcomes in tumor cells with PTEN mutations. The research demonstrates that BAD acts as a key switch integrating antiapoptotic effects of multiple pathways, providing new insights into combination therapy strategies.
A University of Colorado researcher has discovered tracks of a previously unknown two-legged swimming dinosaur along the shoreline of an ancient inland sea that covered Wyoming 165 million years ago. The six-foot-tall bipedal creature, similar to a Coelosaur, likely waded along the shoreline and swam offshore to feed on fish or carrion.
The people of Simuelue island have a century-old oral tradition that warns of tsunamis, allowing them to evacuate quickly and save lives. In contrast, communities with less knowledge were devastated by tsunamis, highlighting the importance of planning and public education in disaster preparedness.
A study conducted between 1988 and 1995 found that radiation therapy significantly improved five- and 10-year prostate cancer-free survival rates. The treatment reduced the risk of recurrence, cancer spread, and overall mortality in patients with advanced stage prostate cancer.
Scientists have found a biomarker, a protein called NF-H, that signals the presence of disease or injury in the blood and spinal fluid. The discovery could lead to a simple handheld device for diagnosing brain or spinal injuries with just a few drops of blood.
The Oct. 18 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine describes two new diabetes treatments: exenatide, an injected drug; and inhaled insulin. Exenatide improved overall sugar control, but patients experienced weight loss and more side effects compared to insulin glargine.
Researchers reconciled inconsistencies between two pre-existing data sets for kaolinite, a major earth and industrial material. The findings provide a unifying approach for explaining crystal and mineral dissolution and growth, with implications for understanding geological time, nuclear waste storage, and biomedical issues.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) supports six Nobel laureates in chemistry, physics, and economics with its grants. NSF supported Robert H. Grubbs, Richard R. Schrock, Yves Chauvin, John L. Hall, Theodor W. Hänsch, and Roy J. Glauber for their pioneering work on metathesis, laser-based precision spectroscopy, and game-theory analy...
A study found that nearly two-thirds of heavy smokers' sperm failed a test measuring fertilizing capacity, with those who smoked more cigarettes per day showing lower fertility rates. The research suggests that heavy smoking overloads the nicotine receptor in human sperm and testes, leading to a decline in fertilizing potential.
A study of laparoscopic anti-reflux surgery found that it is an effective long-term procedure for treating severe gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), with patients reporting high satisfaction rates and minimal complications. The results also suggest that the surgery can be well-tolerated and is a viable option for GERD treatment.
For patients with early-stage breast cancer, MRI improves treatment selection by identifying additional cancer in the breast that may require wider removal of tissue or mastectomy. Breast MRI can help radiation oncologists identify suitable candidates for accelerated partial breast irradiation.
A recent study by the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine found that 51% of men experienced childhood physical abuse, with most abuse carried out by parents. The study suggests a link between childhood abuse and adult domestic violence, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to prevent future harm.
Researchers found that a protein called Y box-binding protein 1 binds to the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) gene, leading to changes in alternative RNA splicing. This process can result in diverse sets of RNA and proteins being produced from the same gene.
Research reveals that ice sheets scoured the sea floor, erasing whole communities of animals. Seafloor organisms may have emigrated to the deep sea or recolonised the Antarctic shelf during warm periods following ice ages.
The study found that cervical cancer has a significant impact on relationships, intimacy, and instrumental life domains for both women and their partners. Women reported greater illness-induced disruptions to relationships and more fatigue than their partners, highlighting the need for comprehensive psychosocial support.
A new study found that Californians exposed to low levels of naturally occurring asbestos are at higher risk for malignant mesothelioma. The research analyzed 2,908 cases over 10 years and found that people living close to asbestos source rocks had a greater chance of developing the disease, despite lower occupational exposure.
A new climate model predicts more extreme temperatures throughout the US, with intense heat waves in the desert Southwest, and more storms along the Gulf Coast and Pacific Northwest. The model, which incorporates many climatic factors in unprecedented detail, suggests that these changes will disrupt national economy and infrastructure.
Researchers at UCLA have identified how an antibody blocks prostate cancer growth by signaling cells to stop growing and die. The discovery could lead to a new treatment targeting prostate stem cell antigen, also found in bladder and pancreatic cancers.
A study of 869 women found that radiation therapy after surgery reduced breast cancer recurrence by almost 100%, with an overall survival rate of 97%. Radiation therapy also did not impact patients' quality of life or long-term survival rates.
A study found that drug-eluting stents significantly reduce the risk of restenosis in vein grafts, cutting heart attack rates by fourfold compared to bare metal stents. The treatment also decreases repeat procedures and death rates, suggesting a long-term advantage for patients with worn and diseased vein grafts.
A NASA study suggests that a warmer climate may not result in a wetter world, with simulations showing an increase in global evaporation and precipitation. However, the atmospheric storage of water vapor decreases as temperatures rise.
The Penn State team has successfully developed a method to calculate optimal proportions of niobium powder to binder and temperature for sintering, opening doors to injection-molded niobium parts. The approach can be applied to other materials with irregularly-shaped particles, expanding its potential applications.
The Squid Genome Project aims to identify genes in squid that are essential for understanding debilitating neurological diseases. Researchers hope that this information will aid in the development of new treatments and therapies.
Researchers have identified a strong biomarker, MDM2, that predicts more aggressive forms of prostate cancer. This overexpression is associated with an increased chance of metastasis and death from the disease.
New research reveals that Mars' mid-latitude glaciers are similar to those on Earth, with features such as lineated valley fill and debris arcs. The findings suggest that Mars is experiencing ongoing climate shifts, allowing ice to leave the poles and accumulate at lower latitudes.
Researchers identified a unique stretch of internal telomeric repeats that suppress the DNA damage checkpoint response. The arrest duration was significantly shorter than expected, indicating a potential mechanism for preventing normal telomeres from being recognized as damaged DNA.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered that restoring the missing or silenced WWOX gene can slow or stop lung-cancer cell growth. The study showed that reactivating the gene is highly effective in stopping human lung tumor growth in mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic approach for lung cancer treatment.
Researchers discovered a significant link between a genetic variation in the DRD4 gene and high blood pressure, which could help explain individual risk factors. The study also sheds light on how this gene affects kidney function and blood pressure regulation.
A large-scale study found that women experiencing burnout have elevated levels of fibrinogen and C-reactive protein (CRP), associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Men experiencing depression also showed higher levels of CRP and fibrinogen, linking emotional states to inflammation-related health problems