A study by researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine found that the median length of time to eliminate lead exposure in Wisconsin homes was 465 days, with only 18% completed within six months.
Scientists have linked telomere loss to both cancer and aging by visualizing chromosomes of cells from patients with Werner Syndrome. Rebuilding structures called telomeres significantly blocks genetic damage seen in cells of patients with Werner Syndrome.
New research suggests that deep-sea black smokers may be producing sound waves that guide fish to food sources. The sounds, which resemble rumbling or a hairdryer, could also help fish navigate the dark environment and avoid hot waters.
A study of European research ethics committees found that while some had informal rules for gender diversity, few had formal requirements to ensure equal representation of both sexes. Despite EU policy on gender equality in health research, limited attention was paid to these issues.
A large British study indicates that individuals with severe mental illnesses are significantly more likely to die from coronary heart disease and stroke than those without mental illnesses. The use of antipsychotic medication also contributes to the increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease.
Children born with low birth weight are more likely to develop depression and social dysfunction if they experience child abuse, according to a recent study. The study found that those who suffered both low birth weight and child abuse had significantly poorer outcomes than those who experienced either adversity alone.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a toxin from a sea creature that blocks cancer cell division while leaving healthy cells unaffected. A synthetic form of the toxin, diazonamide, showed promise in pre-clinical trials without harmful side effects.
A recent study found that human skin hosts a vast array of bacterial species, with 182 species identified, including 8% previously unknown. The study used advanced molecular methods to analyze skin samples from six healthy individuals and revealed a core set of bacteria present in everyone's skin.
A study published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing found that two-thirds of nursing students believe it's wrong to lie to patients, compared to 33% in 1983. The profile of nursing students has also changed significantly over 22 years, with older students, more diversity in educational attainments and life experiences.
Researchers identified two small molecules with remarkable efficacy against botulinum neurotoxin A in animal models. The compounds showed surprisingly little activity in cell-based assays, highlighting the importance of animal-based studies. No significant side effects were observed with either molecule.
Research reveals a link between doctors' personal fear of death and their willingness to hasten life-sustaining treatment in severely disabled newborns. One in three specialists use painkillers to relieve suffering without intending to hasten death, while over three-quarters would do so if further treatment is deemed futile.
A new MIT microchip system sorts proteins in minutes, faster than traditional gel-based systems, enabling earlier diagnoses and treatments for diseases. The device uses anisotropic nanofluidic sieving structure to separate proteins of different sizes, increasing the probability of detecting biomarkers.
A recent study found that engaging in various online behaviors is linked to online interpersonal victimization, with talking to strangers being a significant risk factor. The survey analyzed data from over 1,400 teens and found that sharing personal info or making rude comments online were not as harmful as previously thought.
The study found that 87% of Americans heard the FDA's main message, but many were confused about details such as types of affected spinach. Most consumers stopped eating spinach due to the recall, with 44% already consuming it again within months.
Researchers at Yale University have created a protein-like molecule using beta-amino acids, which could have been the natural building blocks of life. The discovery shows that peptides assembled from these non-natural building blocks can fold into structures similar to natural proteins.
A new microcontact insertion printing technique builds surfaces with specific functions inserted at known intervals, enabling analysis of biochemical mixtures and molecular-scale electronic components. The process allows for precise placement of isolated molecules in a predesigned nano-scale or micro-scale pattern.
A recent study found that men systematically overestimated their height and women more commonly underestimated their weight on online dating profiles. The researchers also discovered that a higher percentage of participants lied about their weight, with almost two thirds being incorrect by 5 pounds or more.
Researchers at MIT have developed a novel way to integrate photonic circuitry on a silicon chip, enabling mass-manufactured devices with unprecedented system performance. The new technology will enable supercomputers on a chip with unique high-speed capabilities for signal processing and spectroscopy.
Researchers develop a set of 13 leading indicators to predict complex system performance, helping managers make real-time adjustments. The indicators cover various aspects of system management, including risk handling, interface trends, and technology maturity.
A survey of pediatricians found that most support reporting and disclosing medical errors to patients' families, but believe formal error reporting systems are inadequate. Many physicians face challenges in disclosing errors due to fear of reputation damage or legal action.
The Mayo Clinic team has proposed a system of lung surgery quality indicators to demonstrate best practices for positive patient outcomes. The proposed measures include patient-centered processes prior to, during, and after surgery, such as pulmonary function testing, electrocardiogram, smoking history documentation, and timely pain co...
Researchers found that individuals preferred mating with unfamiliar close kin rather than non-kin due to parental cooperation. This led to more cooperative and resource-invested parenting among related parents compared to non-related ones.
A recent study of 4,500 American adolescents found that sedentary activities and higher body mass index (BMI) are associated with higher systolic blood pressure. Encouraging adolescents to reduce their sedentary activity may improve their blood pressure and lower their later risk of cardiovascular disease.
A clinical trial found that nearly 600 adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy experienced few to no seizures while taking levetiracetam as a single therapy. The study also showed that patients remained seizure-free for at least six months at the lowest dose level.
Research links depressive symptoms to early signs of artery disease, including thickening of carotid arteries. The study suggests that physical symptoms of depression, such as fatigue and appetite disturbance, may play a role in the development of coronary artery disease.
Scientists have identified a severe form of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tied to a gene called JM-27. A blood test detects high levels of this protein, indicating more severe symptoms. This discovery could lead to earlier diagnosis and targeted treatment for bladder-related complications.
The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions recommends stringent quality standards for PCI in hospitals without on-site cardiac surgery. These standards aim to ensure patient safety and excellent clinical outcomes, including case volume limits and training of support personnel.
Scientists analyzed ancient rocks from Hudson Bay in Quebec to confirm that high concentrations of greenhouse gases could have sustained surface temperatures above freezing 3.75 billion years ago. The study suggests that carbon dioxide played a crucial role as the Earth's 'thermostat' to support life on the planet.
Researchers have discovered that mutations in the espin protein can impair hearing by causing floppy bundles of protein filaments in hair cells. This structure change prevents the transmission of nerve impulses to the brain, leading to deafness. The findings offer a potential 'rescue' mechanism for this form of deafness.
Researchers at University College London have discovered the structure and function of a crucial gene regulating blood pressure. The study reveals that loss of activity in this gene leads to reduced nitric oxide production, a key player in cardiovascular health.
Researchers have developed a novel method to identify and predict promoter and enhancer regions that switch on transcription, enabling large-scale functional annotation of 'enhancers'. The study uses the 'histone code' to distinguish between promoters and enhancer regions.
A study by Daniel Ames and Francis Flynn found that assertiveness is the most common weakness among aspiring leaders, with 48% suggesting too much or too little. The researchers suggest that leaders who exhibit moderate assertiveness may be better able to balance their responses.
Jiong Qiu, a Montana State University scientist, has won the Karen Harvey Award for her research on magnetic eruptions on the sun and moon brightness. Her work focuses on analyzing measurements to understand activities in space.
The researchers will build a two-color light-detection and ranging system (LIDAR) to measure aerosol concentrations up to several miles high. This device will help understand complex relations between aerosols, greenhouse gases, and global warming.
A study found that emergency departments in the US test for chest pain differently depending on a patient's race, gender, and insurance. African American males were less likely to receive diagnostic tests, including electrocardiography and cardiac monitoring.
Patients treated with REMICADE experienced significant improvements in work and daily activities, with mean increases of 2.9-3.1 points compared to little improvement in placebo-treated patients. Psoriasis is an inflammatory disorder that can cause physical pain and emotional distress, impacting productivity.
Researchers discovered that ceramide helps stem cells organize into primitive ectoderm, which further differentiates into embryo tissues. The lipid's presence is essential for cell polarity and differentiation.
A Penn State College of Medicine pilot study found that 89 percent of participants with diagnosed Crohn's disease showed improvement with low-dose naltrexone therapy, while 67 percent achieved remission. This novel approach offers a simple and safe treatment option for the chronic inflammatory disorder.
The University of Nottingham has been awarded a £300,000 grant to collaborate with Indian researchers on a four-year project exploring mixture toxicity in living organisms. The project aims to develop a mathematical model predicting how organisms respond to chemical pollution.
A 15-year study on liver retransplantation found positive trends in indications for surgery, fewer rejections and complications, and improved intensive care management. Therapeutic measures such as immunosuppressant dosage reduction and early blood transfusions contributed to better patient survival rates.
Researchers from Indiana University found that active patient involvement during treatment of chronic heart failure, coupled with collaboration between healthcare teams, significantly improves quality of care. Lifestyle changes such as exercise, reducing salt intake, and managing stress are also crucial for longer survival rates.
A study at NIMH found that brain reward circuit activity ebbs and flows with a woman's hormonal cycle. Women exhibited more active circuitry during the pre-ovulation phase dominated by estrogen compared to the post-ovulatory phase, suggesting links between hormone fluctuations and mood disorders.
Purdue University researchers have developed a new class of tiny sensors that can measure gas flow on the scale of micrometers and nanometers. These sensors could be used in environmental protection to measure the leakage of hydrocarbon fumes from fuel tanks and in pharmaceutical preservation to test packages for gas leaks.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison devise approach to 'see' extra dimensions by deciphering cosmic energy released in the universe's violent birth. The method provides evidence for testing string theory's existence and predicts specific shapes for the six hidden dimensions.
Patients with severe psoriasis receiving Remicade experienced significant improvements in skin and nail symptoms. The treatment achieved PASI 75 in over three-quarters of patients at week 10.
Researchers found that losartan improves muscle regeneration and repair in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a devastating disease characterized by rapid progression of muscle degeneration. The study also showed that losartan can attenuate the entire disease when treated over time.
The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign will be a key partner in the new Energy Biosciences Institute, which aims to explore the potential benefits of using corn crop residues and other herbaceous perennials as fuel sources. Researchers hope to create a sustainable and efficient process for producing high-quality plant biomass.
The study reveals that sediment folding may have contributed to the massive 2004 Sumatra tsunami. The unusual shape of the upper plate boundary, resembling a suspension bridge, created an area with multiple peaks and valleys that amplified water displacement when the plate snapped back.
Researchers at the University of Delaware will identify nano-sized catalysts to convert liquid fuels into hydrogen. The goal is to supply affordable hydrogen with reduced emissions for powering cars and heating homes.
A survey of 1,142 patients with chronic moderate to severe plaque psoriasis found that nearly 40% are not receiving treatment. The study also showed that those with severe psoriasis are more likely to have a lower household income.
Researchers found that modifying the 1918 flu virus's hemagglutinin receptor binding site reduced its ability to transmit in ferrets. The study suggests that understanding this molecular mechanism could lead to the development of novel drugs to stop influenza transmission and prevent epidemics.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center found that only nine of 70 Phase II studies clearly defined measures to judge experimental drug effectiveness. This limits the accuracy of testing new treatments for cancer patients.
Researchers discovered that exposure to food odors in fruit flies can reduce their lifespan and partially reverse the effects of dietary restriction. The study suggests that our sense of smell may play a role in human longevity.
Using artificial atoms on a chip, Yale physicists have successfully detected and stored individual microwave photons, bringing quantum mechanics to a larger scale. This breakthrough enables the creation of new types of quantum machines that can exponentially speed up computations in cryptography, quantum physics, and chemistry.
Researchers develop a fluorescent marker to distinguish between mitochondria in neurons and glial cells, providing insights into neurodegenerative diseases. The study sheds light on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and neurological disorders.
The new CTX system will enable doctors and scientists to see inside living humans and animals, tracking 3-D skeletal movements with precision. This technology has applications for basic and applied research, including biomechanics, orthopedic surgeries, and injury treatments.
GST pi is a critical enzyme that stands at the crossroads of several biochemical pathways leading to Parkinson's disease. It prevents both externally provoked cell death and internally initiated suicide by blocking the formation of free radicals, which cause cell damage.
Future US federal climate change policy is likely to include a national carbon dioxide cap, mandatory renewable energy portfolio standards, and increased vehicle fleet gasoline efficiency standards. These policies are already being implemented in the public and private sectors, with identifiable constituencies of well-networked actors.
Sexual symptoms can signal serious disease; common medical disorders negatively impact sexual function. Physicians should routinely consider risk factors and assess dysfunctions.
Recent studies on animal migration have gained insights into the evolution of this complex phenomenon, yet much remains unknown. Advances in technology are helping scientists better understand the mechanisms behind migration, including the role of genetic correlations in determining future evolutionary changes.