Articles tagged with Fluids
Scientists create technique to remotely manipulate heat sources and associated fluid flows using laser light. This enables new functionalities in optofluidics, such as selective delivery of nano-objects and analytes. The method also demonstrates programmable control over optical propulsion forces and fluid streams.
A Princeton University study has revealed the mechanism by which microplastic particles, like Styrofoam, move through porous media, allowing them to accumulate in food and water sources. The research found that microplastics get stuck when traveling through soil but later break free and continue moving substantially further.
The new fuel gauge uses electrical capacitance volume tomography to digitally recreate a fluid's 3D shape based on its electrical properties. This technology can provide reliable measurements to prevent satellites from colliding and keep them operational for longer.
Cilia, tiny hairlike organelles, coordinate to push particles and fluid along, ensuring reproduction and defense against pathogens. Researchers identified mechanisms for effective cilia movement, which can inform diagnosis of diseases such as lung disease.
UCLA bioengineers and mathematicians invent stable, armored emulsions that stay intact following mixing. These 'tiny test tubes' enable repeatable chemical reactions, speeding up the discovery of new drugs and health diagnostics.
Researchers at Nemours Children's Health System have identified a new source of abnormal lymphatic flow between the liver and lungs in patients with plastic bronchitis. This discovery opens up treatment options for certain cases, allowing for more effective management of symptoms.
Virginia Tech researchers are exploring the biomechanics of snake flight, focusing on undulation patterns that allow the snakes to glide through the air. They aim to uncover the fundamental fluid mechanics underlying this complex behavior, which could lead to advancements in robotics and aerodynamics.
Researchers have discovered a new method to repair defective fetal membranes using small bioengineered molecules, which could help prevent preterm birth. The study found that these molecules can self-assemble to form a plug that seals holes within the fetal membranes.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have developed tiny surfing robots that can manipulate surface tension to propel themselves through water. This breakthrough could lead to new biomedical applications, such as surgery, by understanding the colonization of bacteria in the body.
Researchers discovered a topological change in viscous fingering, driven by partially miscible liquids, which was not previously seen. This phenomenon has significant implications for understanding fluid displacement in porous media and processes such as oil recovery and CO2 sequestration.
A Stanford-developed model shows that fluids ascending by fits and starts weaken the fault, propelling the boundary or locking depth upward. This process can trigger earthquake swarms, strings of quakes clustered in a local area, often too subtle to notice but sometimes strong enough to rattle cities.
A new study suggests that gamma interferons, a type of immune cell, may help prevent depression by preserving mental health. Researchers found that healthy individuals have similar immune cells to those with multiple sclerosis, but without the damaging inflammatory response.
Researchers at Cornell University found that acidic fluids may have destroyed biological evidence hidden within Mars' iron-rich clays, making it difficult to search for life on the red planet. The study's lead author suggests that searching for organic compounds on Mars is a challenging task due to the degradation of biological material.
Researchers have developed a painless and biodegradable patch using microneedles to diagnose conditions like prediabetes. The patch combines porous microneedles with paper-based sensors for accurate glucose monitoring.
Researchers used artificial neural networks to simulate hydrogen's phase transitions at high pressures and temperatures, challenging previous assumptions. The study suggests a smooth transition between insulating and metallic layers in giant gas planets, reconciling existing discrepancies between lab and modeling experiments.
A new study reveals that all initial vortex arrangements in superfluids collapse to form a 'Rankine' super-vortex distribution, similar to a top hat. This universal dynamics phenomenon explains how superfluids dissipate their energy via quantised vortices.
New USC research reveals that rock-melting forces deep within the Earth's crust are responsible for tremors along a notorious segment of California's San Andreas Fault. The study suggests that these underground excitations can lead to instability and ruptures in the fault, generating anomalous seismic waves.
Researchers have developed a simple, low-cost technology for subcutaneous injection of viscous formulations, making it possible to administer high-concentration biologics. The device reduces the required injection force by up to 99%, allowing for self-administration of medication and vaccines in remote areas.
A study published in the Journal of Dairy Science found that sensory characteristics, such as flavor and heat treatment, and habit are key drivers for long-term milk consumption among children. Increasing milk availability in schools and making it more appealing to children can encourage healthy lifelong consumption.
Swansea University researchers have captured the moments a fluid reacts like a solid through a new method of fluid observation under pressurised conditions. The study looks at fluids with a solid-like response to stress, called Discontinuous Shear Thickening (DST), and offers a novel visual indication for future theoretical models.
A team of researchers has developed an osmotic therapy device that removes fluid from the spinal cord to reduce swelling and prevent further damage. The device showed promising results in rats, reducing swelling and improving neurological outcomes.
A new study from the University of Missouri School of Medicine found that pre-treatment eye pressure is a key indicator of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) effectiveness in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Patients with higher baseline intraocular pressure achieved larger reductions in pressure after surgery.
Researchers have developed a new understanding of fluid movement in tiny channels and created a method to stimulate flow by manipulating surface tension through temperature or voltage changes. This discovery has implications for various fields, including drug delivery, energy conversion, and power generation.
A team of researchers found that genes related to blood pressure regulation appear excessively 'turned on' in lung fluid cells of COVID-19 patients, leading to excessive bradykinin production. This overproduction causes leaky blood vessels and increased hyaluronic acid levels, resulting in inflammation and severe symptoms.
A new quantum sensing technique developed by researchers at the University of Maryland uses diamonds to visualize electrical currents in graphene. The technique provides detailed images of current flow, shedding light on the intricate behavior of electrons in this material.
Researchers found a significant link between well depth and seismic probability, suggesting that deeper wells are more likely to trigger earthquakes. The study also revealed that the type of fluid used in hydraulic fracturing, including gel vs. slickwater operations, may affect seismic activity.
A recent study found that hikers' performance during hot weather conditions was impaired, resulting in slower speeds and increased risk of heat-related illness. The researchers also discovered that most hikers did not bring enough fluid to compensate for sweat loss, with less fit participants being most negatively affected.
Researchers found that a phenomenon known as the Marangoni effect helps mezcal bubbles linger longer when alcohol content is around 50%, allowing artisans to determine perfect distillation levels. The study also reveals new fundamental details about bubble lifetimes on liquid surfaces.
A team of researchers identified how a single-celled organism produces flashlights in response to mechanical forces, shedding light on the underlying physics. The study showed that the brightness depends on both the depth and rate of deformation.
A 10-year follow-up study found that premature babies treated with a 'brain washing' technique called Drainage, Irrigation and Fibrinolytic Therapy (DRIFT) were almost twice as likely to survive without severe cognitive disability. The treatment, pioneered by University of Bristol researchers, has been shown to reduce secondary severe ...
The study elucidates the mechanism of hydrodynamic power generation using spin currents in micrometer-scale channels, improving power generation efficiency drastically with smaller flow sizes. The researchers also demonstrate the feasibility of applying this technology to spintronics-based nanofluidic devices and flowmeters.
Researchers have developed a low-cost and reliable method to synthesize functional silica beads using a Teflon pipe. The new approach enables efficient mixing of precursor fluids and produces uniform-sized particles with improved homogeneity.
A four-year-long earthquake swarm near Cahuilla, California was driven by a naturally occurring injection of underground fluids, revealing complex conditions for fluid flow within the fault zone. The study provides new insights into seismic processes and brings closer concrete explanations for how earthquake swarms start and terminate.
A new study maps over 22,000 tremors to recreate the complex three-dimensional structure of a fault zone in southern California. The research reveals that dynamic pressure changes from natural fluid injections controlled the evolution of an earthquake swarm in the region.
New research enables structural optimization of Future Vertical Lift vehicles, allowing for morphing capabilities during flight. This reduces computational cost by up to 80% while maintaining accuracy.
Researchers discovered a correlation between needle or sting length and diameter to ensure strength and elasticity in pointed objects. The study's findings have the potential to optimize syringe needle design and reduce material consumption in nail production.
Oregon State University professor Brian D. Wood has solved a 70-year-old puzzle in fluid mechanics, clarifying how chemicals mix in fluids and paving the way for advances in medical, industrial, and environmental applications. His research builds on Octave Levenspiel's work and resolves paradoxes in other theories.
A paper-based device has been developed to analyze human sweat for biomolecules without requiring external power. The device uses capillary action and evaporation to extract and manage sweat, enabling long-term analysis of up to 10 days. This technology holds promise for affordable medical testing in under-resourced populations.
A team of scientists found that groups of living organisms that move through squirming exhibit distinct collective properties depending on their velocities and bottom-heaviness. These characteristics can lead to intriguing emergent behaviors, such as clusters forming at the bottom or top of a container.
Researchers at Terasaki Institute develop a microneedle patch to extract skin interstitial fluid, providing an alternative source for biomarker testing and overcoming issues with blood sampling. The patch, made of gelatin methacryloyl, is highly absorbent and biocompatible, eliminating the need for hollow needles.
Scientists have combined experiments with simulations to reveal new insights into the flow behavior of elasto-visco-plastic materials. Their research highlights the importance of including elasticity in future models, which is crucial for understanding how these materials behave under different conditions.
Researchers developed a new model to study stresses and flows in ultra-cold superfluids. The findings show that the fluid becomes deformed when flowing around impurities, providing valuable insights into quantum mechanical properties at a macroscopic scale.
Researchers used atom-probe tomography to study minerals from an asteroid over 4.5 billion years ago, discovering water precipitates that suggest the presence of sodium-rich fluids. These conditions are ideal for amino acid synthesis, potentially supporting microbial life formation as early as 4.5 billion years ago.
A recent study found that genetic variations in a brain-cleansing water channel affect the depth of non-rapid-eye-movement sleep in humans. The study, published in PLOS Biology, suggests that these variations may influence how the body copes with sleep loss and potentially link to Alzheimer's disease progression.
A team of researchers has discovered a connection between resonance and nonlinearity in swimming performance, revealing potential new bio-inspired propulsion strategies. By understanding the passive dynamics at play when vehicles move through air or water, they aim to enhance performance while reducing energy consumption.
Researchers found that fluid flow across flat surfaces has three distinct zones, including a lengthy transitional zone, which significantly affects heat transfer calculations. This discovery could improve the accuracy of heat exchanger designs and engineering practices in various industries.
Computational simulations help clinicians visualize AHT impact and predict short- and long-term effects. The study reveals CSF protection is limited to the first shake, with repeated shakes causing brain damage.
Active turbulence in active nematic fluids follows distinct universal scaling laws, independent of fluid properties. The study reveals that energy is dissipated at each scale, contrasting with classic turbulence.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University discovered that electrons can break Ohm's law when moving through a liquid medium, creating capillary waves and ripplopolarons. This behavior is crucial for understanding electron flow in fluids and has potential applications in quantum computing.
Fluid dynamics experts have long assumed that fluids flow without slipping at solid boundaries, but recent research reveals this may not be true. Tiny microbubbles formed by shear forces can cause slippage, potentially reducing energy losses in industrial applications such as gas and oil suppliers.
Kyoto University scientists develop a device that mimics the movement of tears and blinking eyes, allowing for more accurate testing of ophthalmic drugs. The device shows promise in increasing filament production in corneal cells, potentially leading to improved ocular drug development.
Researchers have developed a novel theory to explain the chaotic movements of particles in dynamic environments, where passive particles interact with active swimmers. The model suggests that such movements can be explained by Lévy flights, which arise from hydrodynamic interactions between swimmers and passive particles.
The updated guidelines recommend avoiding prolonged overhydration during exercise and encouraging individuals to drink according to their thirst. This approach aims to prevent exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) and its potential life-threatening outcomes.
A team of researchers found that drag forces experienced by particles straddling interfaces between un-mixable fluids are less affected by the shape of the distortion. The study's discovery could have implications for self-assembling properties of various species, including nano- and microparticles, proteins, and other molecules.
Scientists have developed a rapid and efficient delivery method that uses the power of a tiny fluid vortex to deform cell membranes, allowing for the delivery of nanomaterials such as DNA, proteins, and drugs. The device, called a spiral hydroporator, can deliver nanomaterials into around one million cells per minute with up to 96% eff...
A new study analyzed temporal evolution of seismicity and growth of maximum observed moment magnitudes in various stimulation projects. The results show a clear linear relation between injected fluid volume and cumulative seismic moments for most projects, indicating that seismicity can be managed by changes in injection strategy.
Researchers created a new model to account for wine tears' complex fluid structures, which form due to changes in surface tension induced by alcohol evaporation. The study reveals the interplay between gravity, surface tension, and fluid physics leading to these unusual phenomena.
The researchers created disc-shaped magnets about 2 millimeters in diameter, called ferrobots, which can move and manipulate droplets of fluid with precision. These robots could transform various biotech-related industries, including medical diagnostics, drug development, genomics, and the synthesis of chemicals and materials.
Researchers analyzed the acoustics of a bursting soap bubble to decipher the origin of the popping sound, finding that forces exerted by the liquid film create the pop. This study demonstrates how sound signatures can be harnessed to measure forces during violent events.
Neuroscientists at the University of South Florida have developed a method to regulate eye pressure, which is sufficient to cause and explain glaucoma. The new technique enables direct knowledge and control of eye pressure, removing experimental variability and enabling systematic studies.