Articles tagged with Fluids
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia identified a gene mutation responsible for a complex defect in a young boy's body. They harnessed this knowledge to develop a novel treatment that dramatically improved the boy's condition, reshaping his abnormal lymphatic vessels into a more normal anatomy and function.
A University of Queensland study confirms a 70-year-old theory on fluid turbulence, which causes inefficiency in transporting fluids through pipes and affects ship movements. The research uses ultra-cold atom systems to control and measure the phenomenon.
A new study reveals that traditional comparisons of before-and-after fluid properties do not capture the full story of chemical reactions in flowing fluids. The researchers observed an increase in viscosity during a reaction but found the solution had thinned out by its end.
Scientists have recreated the conditions of the Earth's mantle, where diamonds form, by simulating extreme pressure and heat. They found that the sediments represent a plausible source of potassium for the saline fluid inclusions in diamonds.
Under confined conditions, bubbles can form spheres as perfectly matched as droplets. The new findings have implications for biomedical research and understanding natural gas interactions with petroleum.
Borrelia peptidoglycan, a component of the Lyme disease bacterium, is detected in patients' synovial fluid and stimulates proinflammatory cytokines. The finding suggests that Borrelia peptidoglycan contributes to inflammation in Lyme arthritis.
Scientists have developed a method to transport individual droplets using transverse surface waves, enabling more efficient applications in lab-on-a-chip systems and self-cleaning surfaces. This technology also opens up possibilities for harvesting moisture from the air and improving blood tests.
Research reveals pressure-sensing protein piezo 1 plays a key role in lung edema development. Suppressing its activity or bolstering adherens junctions may prevent fluid entry into the lungs.
A new study found that saline fluids commonly used to treat critically ill children with sepsis may trigger acid blood and lead to organ failure. The research team recommends using alternative buffered solutions that contain less chloride to prevent these adverse effects.
Scientists are working on a new method to detect glaucoma by analyzing the protein profile in eye fluid. They compare this profile with clinical data, including images of optic nerve damage, to identify a 'proteomic signature' for glaucoma. The goal is to develop a reliable diagnostic tool and monitor patients' progress.
A new study published by University of Pittsburgh researchers found that removing excess fluid too quickly from critically ill patients with failing kidneys increases the likelihood of death. For every 0.5 milliliter increase in fluid removed per kilogram of patient weight per hour, risk of death increases.
Researchers have developed 'tension pistons' that generate more than three times the force of comparable conventional pistons, eliminating friction and improving energy efficiency. The new design has potential applications in various machines and devices, including shock absorbers, car engines, and mining equipment.
A recent study found that nearly all newborns had bacteria in their first poop, contradicting the long-held assumption of a sterile womb. The researchers collected amniotic fluid samples from 50 healthy women undergoing planned caesarean deliveries and discovered bacterial DNA in almost all viable samples.
Researchers found that by making the right choices in modeling, temperature gradients can accurately predict pressure and composition changes without assumptions. The study developed an equation to express pressure gradient, which revealed special cases where residual entropy affects pressure gradients.
Scientists have created a skin patch with tiny needles to collect interstitial fluid, containing biomarkers of disease. The device uses surface-enhanced Raman scattering to analyze the collected fluid and detect biomarkers more efficiently than traditional methods.
Scientists have demonstrated that CO2 can outperform water as a fracking fluid, creating complex networks of fractures with significantly higher stimulated volumes. This technology has the potential to make fracking more efficient and reduce its environmental impact.
A NIST study identified 22 chemical blends that could serve as alternative refrigerants with lower global warming potential and reduced risk of fire, compared to the current standard R-134a. The blends combine R-134a with other commercial refrigerants and offer a reduction in GWP of up to 99%.
Researchers at EPFL's Emerging Complexity in Physical Systems Laboratory identified the mechanism behind a phenomenon where chaotic turbulence transitions to perfectly parallel patterns. Their findings could help better control flows and understand turbulent-laminar interactions.
Researchers found that viruses, like respiratory syncytial virus, form protein corona layers on their surface when interacting with host biological fluids. These layers enhance viral infectivity and facilitate the formation of amyloid plaques associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
Patients with chronic heart failure are more likely to adopt lifestyle advice when accompanied by family members, according to a new study. The study found that nearly 48% of patients did no physical activity and 25% never adhered to fluid restrictions.
A new study conducted by Vanderbilt University found that bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) is more effective than traditional tape measures in assessing the risk of developing lymphedema after breast cancer surgery. The technology reduces rates of progression by approximately 10%, a clinically meaningful improvement.
A study of 1,054 patients found substantial volume overload at initiation, improving over time, but with variations in practice across regions associated with differences in volume overload. Males and patients with diabetes were at higher risk of experiencing volume overload.
A new smartphone app has been developed to detect fluid buildup in the middle ear, a common cause of ear infections in children. The app uses machine learning to analyze sound waves and determine the likelihood of fluid presence, showing promise as a quick and non-invasive screening tool.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new surface treatment that can improve the efficiency of refrigeration systems. By promoting droplet formation, the coating facilitates heat transfer, leading to an overall efficiency improvement of about 2%. The process is scalable and can be applied to various materials, making it a promising solut...
A new smartphone-based platform can quickly detect possible ear infections in children by analyzing reflected acoustic signals. The system uses a commercial phone's speakers and microphones to send sound into the ear canal, detecting middle ear fluid with high accuracy.
A new experimental treatment for stroke has been shown to reduce brain damage and promote motor recovery in mice. The treatment, which uses adrenergic receptor antagonists, was found to normalize brain fluids and lower potassium levels, leading to improved outcomes in stroke models.
Researchers at Princeton University have engineered Pseudomonas bacteria to sense the speed of flowing fluids, which can be used as a flow sensor. The bacteria's genetic response is tuned to the speed, allowing it to detect and measure fluid flow in real-time.
Researchers have developed a new micro-device that enables the study of blood cells and tiny particles as if they were inside the human body. The device uses a mini-vortex to spin cells, allowing for tailored experiments in drug development and disease research.
A new study from the University of Texas at Austin examines the role of geologic conditions in the 2010 Deepwater Horizon disaster. The research, published in Scientific Reports, reveals a significant drop in pore pressure near the bottom of the well, leading to a controversial cement decision that contributed to the blowout.
A team of researchers from Osaka University and Kirin Holdings Company, Limited demonstrated that the texture-formation in a pint glass of Guinness beer is induced by flow of a bubble-free fluid film flowing down along the wall of the glass. The phenomenon is analogous to roll waves observed in water sliding downhill on a rainy day.
Researchers at Tufts University found that subsurface fluid injections can cause significant earthquake activity beyond the fluid diffusion zone. The study uses field experiment data and modeling of ground faults to support this hypothesis.
Sub-Neptune exoplanets are likely to be water worlds due to simulations of planetary growth. These planets contain at least 25% water-dominated ices or fluids, rather than gas dwarfs with a rocky core surrounded by a gaseous envelope.
Researchers at MIT have created liquid-impregnated surfaces that can significantly reduce friction for yield-stress fluids like gels and pastes. These coatings enable the efficient processing of materials in industries such as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals, reducing waste and improving product quality.
Researchers at Columbia University have discovered a new family of gravitational instabilities in granular particles, where lighter grains rise through heavier grains like 'fingers' and 'bubbles'. This phenomenon sheds light on geological processes and has potential applications in pharmaceutical production and carbon capture.
Scientists at CU Boulder discovered that zapped magnets exhibit fluid-like behavior, with spins changing orientation like waves in an ocean. This phenomenon occurs after a short laser pulse, leading to the formation of 'droplets' with consistent magnetic properties.
Researchers at Polytechnique Montréal developed an open-space microfluidics technology that eliminates channels, reducing stress on cells and increasing compatibility with cell-culture standards. The system uses microfluidic multipoles to create patterns that can be used for disease detection and diagnosis.
Researchers found that the nutrient composition of interstitial fluid surrounding pancreatic tumors differs from blood and culture medium used to grow cancer cells. This discrepancy suggests growing cancer cells in a more similar environment could help predict how experimental drugs will affect cancer cells.
Daniela Rubatto's research provides a new way to connect minerals' ages to their formation conditions, reconstructing the speed and duration of rock travel within the Earth's crust. Her innovative method uses an ion microprobe to extract valuable information from minerals, contributing to better understanding geological processes.
Researchers Inanc Senocak and Cheng-Nian Xiao uncover fluid instabilities in the Prandtl model for katabatic slope flows, a complex phenomenon crucial for reliable weather predictions. Their findings suggest that dynamic stability cannot be determined by a single dimensionless parameter alone.
Researchers found vibrant colors and diverse life in hydrothermal vent towers, showcasing the importance of studying extreme environments. The discovery also highlights the devastating impact of human activity on these ecosystems, with numerous pieces of trash found amidst the beauty.
Justin W. Jaworski, a Lehigh University mechanical engineer, has developed a predictive noise framework to design quieter aircraft wings. His work aims to predict how edge serrations affect fluid flow and acoustic signature, reducing the disturbance caused by wind turbines and increasing the viability of new transportation technologies.
A new study by Chiara Cornelio finds that fluid viscosity directly impacts an earthquake's force. Laboratory tests and simulations show a clear correlation between fluid viscosity and earthquake intensity.
Engineers at the University of British Columbia have created a three-dimensional computer model of bat flight, capturing its complexity for the first time. This breakthrough could lead to better drone design and efficient aerial vehicles.
A study by University of British Columbia found that Canadians' fruit and vegetable intake decreased by 13% between 2004 and 2015. Despite this decline, the average daily intake of healthy components like whole grains, fish, and legumes remained stable.
Researchers found that tiny swimmers can form large flocks swimming in the same direction, resulting in huge effects and unexpected behavior. The movement of microorganisms is crucial to research in materials science, engineering, and biochemistry.
Scientists have successfully transferred a key part of the plant's RNA editing mechanism into a bacterium, confirming a long-held theory about its functioning. This breakthrough improves our understanding of this widespread mechanism and opens up new avenues for research.
Researchers at Osaka University have developed a novel flexible tube display that utilizes liquid droplets to create interactive surfaces. The system can take various surface shapes and provides information through streaming colored fluids, allowing for intuitive finger manipulation. This innovative technology has the potential to revo...
Regular and careful assessment of target weight and fluid balance is crucial for dialysis patients' health and survival. The study highlights the importance of protocols that specify dry weight assessments and routine postural blood pressure measurements to lower all-cause and cardiovascular deaths.
A Northwestern University team has developed a novel material that can self-heal within seconds when scratched or cracked, preventing localized corrosion. The coating, inspired by fluids, flows and reconnects to rapidly heal, even after repeated damage.
Researchers at UMD create the smallest-known 3D microfluidic circuit element, overcoming cost and complexity barriers in personalized medicine and drug delivery. The new strategy allows for faster, cheaper, and more efficient 3D printing of complex fluidic systems.
Researchers develop a simple and inexpensive method using ultraviolet light to gather and organize particles in liquids, enabling precise control of fluid flow and potential applications in sensing, drug delivery, and nanotechnology. The method shows promise for sorting particles by size and moving uphill toward the light source.
Researchers from the University of Illinois discovered that the hagfish produces slime to clog predators' gills, increasing its volume by up to 10,000 times. The team found that fluid flow enables this process, allowing the slime to unravel and expand in a matter of milliseconds.
Researchers have created biocompatible microrobots inspired by bacteria that can swim through fluids and modify their shape as needed. These devices use embodied intelligence to navigate complex systems without compromising speed or maneuverability.
Researchers analyzed 56 samples of blister fluid from burns of different depths and healing times to develop a new classification system. They found that specific protein patterns in blister fluid could predict burn depth and time to re-epithelialization, leading to more accurate diagnoses and potential reductions in scarring.
Researchers discovered that cilia in the efferent ductules of male reproductive tract agitate sperm to prevent aggregation and promote transport. The study's findings have significant translational potential for developing new methods to help patients with infertility.
The new technique uses larger amounts of interstitial fluid to analyze electrolyte levels and diagnose diseases. It has the potential to predict disease onset more quickly than current methods.
Researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology have found that cilia are essential for normal brain development and functioning. In zebrafish larvae, groups of cells with cilia create a stable directional flow of cerebrospinal fluid within individual ventricles.
Researchers developed a physical model describing crowd movement and behavior, predicting speed information spreads through the group like waves. The generic description can accurately predict crowd flows in various settings, with little variation between groups.
Researchers at Pitt develop a two-dimensional, shape-changing sheet that wraps, flaps and creeps in a reactant-filled fluid. The team introduces a coating of catalysts on the flexible sheet, initiating motion and reconfiguration through catalytic chemical reactions.
The University of Birmingham has developed an innovative eye drop treatment that rapidly reduces sight-threatening scarring to the surface of the eye. This novel treatment, which consists of a fluid gel loaded with a natural wound-healing protein called Decorin, shows promise in promoting scarless healing and improving corneal transpar...