Articles tagged with Fluids
University of Utah engineers uncover the reasons behind vertigo caused by specific sounds, linking it to a thinning of the bone enclosing the inner ear. The study reveals pathological fluid mechanical waves in the semicircular canals as the culprit, causing incorrect signals sent to the brain.
Bacteria can reduce liquid viscosity and make it flow frictionlessly. Researchers at the University of Bristol found that bacterial suspensions can exhibit negative viscosity, a phenomenon previously thought impossible in physics. This discovery could lead to the development of bacteria-powered machines.
Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) enhance wellbore stability by plugging nano-sized pores in shale formations. This study investigates the effects of MWCNT & PEG on water base mud performance, revealing improved rheological properties and thermal stability.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to measure and reconstruct interstitial fluid flow velocities in the brain. The technique reveals high variability in flow rates and magnitudes, contradicting the classical idea of a uniform flow rate. This discovery could potentially help predict tumor growth and improve cancer treatments.
The endolymphatic sac acts as a pressure-relief valve for the inner ear, regulating fluid pressure and composition. The discovery may inform the study and treatment of disorders like Meniere's disease.
Current understanding of human physiology and surgery in space is crucial for future astronauts. The review highlights novel pathologies that could arise from prolonged weightlessness and exposure to cosmic radiation, emphasizing the need for specialized training and medical preparedness.
Researchers found no significant link between fluid infusion and brain injury in children with DKA, contrary to decades of clinical practice. The study provides more treatment flexibility for clinicians, but the authors continue to investigate potential causes of neurological damage.
A new study in Circulation presents evidence that fluid redistribution from the abdominal compartment to the heart and lungs may cause heart failure. The study used splanchnic nerve block to demonstrate this phenomenon in patients with acute heart failure, improving symptoms such as shortness of breath.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have discovered a potential new way to treat fluid buildup in heart failure by shutting off the spigot causing it. The procedure improved symptoms in five acute heart failure patients and showed significant reductions in pressures inside the heart and increases in cardiac output.
A study published in CHEST found that early lactate measurements were associated with improved patient survival, particularly among emergency room patients who received timely tests. The research suggests that abnormal lactate values prompt rapid interventions, leading to better outcomes for sepsis patients.
A significant proportion of patients with suspected sepsis do not have their lactates measured within the recommended timeframe, leading to delayed antibiotic therapy and increased risk of in-hospital death. Earlier lactate measurements correlate with quicker treatment with antibiotics and better outcomes.
Computational statistical mechanics was born from numerical models of fluids developed in the 1950s, initially as a pet project by physicists. These Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamics simulations were later confirmed through clever applications of importance sampling, proving reliable evidence for describing matter.
Researchers use hydrogels to safely remove pressure-sensitive tapes from paper artworks without solvents, preserving the underlying artwork. The technique reveals hidden inscriptions like Michelangelo's 'di mano di Michelangelo' on a 16th-century drawing.
Scientists found that altering fluid injection rates near faults can reduce seismic events and magnitudes. Active pressure management may help control induced earthquakes in real-time, but more data is needed for specific site recommendations.
Researchers at Purdue University have demonstrated the theoretical existence of thermoacoustics in solids, which could lead to the development of solid-state engines and refrigerators. The technology harnesses temperature oscillations and sound waves to generate energy, making it suitable for harsh environments like outer space.
Kristopher Olshefski, a Montana State University graduate student, has won a prestigious Graduate Research Fellowship from the National Science Foundation. He will use the award to advance his research on fluid sprays, which could lead to improvements in vehicle fuel efficiency and the development of new propulsion systems for spacecraft.
A six-year study by the University of Birmingham has found that analyzing spinal fluid from patients with MS at diagnosis can predict future disease progression. The research identified a distinct immune response, characterized by an unusual antibody ratio, which may indicate early trigger and risk of disability.
Researchers have identified kidney stem cells of human origin in amniotic fluid, a promising source for cell replacement therapies. The study shows an increase in these cells with gestational time, making amniotic fluid a valuable source of fetal stem cells with regenerative potential.
A new study from USC Keck School of Medicine finds that exposure to loud noises damages hearing by killing sensory hair cells and filling the inner ear with fluid. Injecting a salt- or sugar-based solution into the middle ear can prevent up to 64% of neuron loss, offering hope for preserving hearing function.
A 2017 Mw 5.4 Pohang earthquake in South Korea is believed to have been triggered by fluid injection at a nearby Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) site, the largest-induced quake ever recorded at an EGS location.
Researchers at Utah State University studied the physics behind a unique underwater phenomenon resembling the Matryoshka doll. They developed a new dimensionless number, the Matryoshka number, which predicts the formation of nested cavities under certain conditions.
Researchers have found that swirling liquids, such as coffee, follow the same mathematical principles as transactions with cryptocurrencies like bitcoin. This discovery may lead to more advanced digital security methods and a deeper understanding of chaotic mixing in nature. The findings also suggest that cryptographic computations can...
Scientists discovered a hundred pink, dinner-plate-sized octopuses huddled around cracks in the rocks, guarding their eggs in warm water. The find suggests a better, healthier habitat nearby, potentially supporting an even larger population.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a device that exposes human lymphomas to fluid flow similar to that in the lymphatics and parts of the lymph node. The team found that certain subsets of DLCBL lymphoma respond differently to fluid forces, regulating expression levels of adhesion proteins known as integrins and B-cell receptors.
Slow slip events (SSEs) release seismic stress at a lower rate than large earthquakes, potentially triggering megathrust earthquake events. The study analyzed waveform data from beneath Kanto, Japan, and found that seismic activity varied in response to SSEs, through episodic cycles.
Researchers have developed an algorithm that mimics aquatic sensory intelligence, allowing underwater vehicles to detect specific flow patterns. The technology has potential applications in navigation and obstacle avoidance, enabling vehicles to leave behind inconspicuous wakes.
A new approach to treating malignant pleural effusion in cancer patients combines talc with an indwelling pleural catheter, allowing for effective home-based treatment. The study found that patients treated with this combination were more than twice as likely to have their fluid dry up compared to those treated with IPC alone.
A team of researchers has identified a previously unknown feature of human anatomy, revealing layers of the body as interconnected, fluid-filled compartments. This discovery has significant implications for understanding organ function, disease progression, and the development of new diagnostic tools.
Researchers discovered a new mode of drinking in mosquitoes, allowing for burst feeding and generating low-pressure vacuum on demand. The findings have significant implications for understanding mosquito morphology and potentially developing targeted drug therapy.
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center have developed a nanotechnology-based approach to measure hyaluronic acid, a molecule indicative of osteoarthritis. This technology enables the detection of small amounts of HA in synovial fluid, allowing for better assessment of disease progression.
A recent study published in JAMA Ophthalmology found that high levels of ICAM-1 are associated with better response to current treatments for diabetic macular edema. The discovery could lead to more personalized and tailored medicine, alleviating treatment burdens on patients and the healthcare system.
Researchers created a detailed diagram of the brain circuits behind thirst and satiety in mice, showing that opposing lines of communication play critical roles. The study provides insights into the rules governing the brain's response to dehydration and may shed light on appetite regulation.
Researchers at the University of Delaware have developed a new type of smart glass that is more transparent in its transparent state and more reflective in its reflective state. The panels, made from two sheets of plastic separated by a thin cavity, can switch between allowing light in and blocking it out with just the press of a button.
Two landmark studies by Vanderbilt researchers show significant improvement in patient outcomes using balanced fluids instead of saline for intravenous therapy, leading to a decline in saline use at the hospital. The studies found a 1 percent lower incidence of serious kidney problems or death in patients receiving balanced fluids, res...
A new study found that the risk of man-made earthquakes due to fracking is greatly reduced if high-pressure fluid injection used to crack underground rocks is 895m away from faults in the Earth's crust. The ReFINE consortium recommends this distance to avoid reactivating geological faults and reducing the risk of induced earthquakes.
A portable ultrasound helps nephrologists detect fluid in the lungs of patients with end-stage kidney disease, allowing for more targeted dialysis treatments. This technology could save around $21 million annually by reducing ER dialysis costs and unnecessary hospitalizations.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have discovered that brain liquefaction after a stroke can be toxic, slowly leaking into the remaining healthy portion of the brain and potentially causing harm. The study suggests that this toxic fluid may contribute to dementia after stroke.
A new report by the Seismological Society of America concludes that wastewater created during oil and gas production is the probable cause for a surge in earthquakes in southern Kansas. Between 2012 and 2016, six magnitude 4 or greater earthquakes occurred in the study area, with decreases in seismicity corresponding to decreases in di...
Researchers developed a rapid and efficient way to wrap liquid droplets in ultrathin polymer sheets, reducing the time from minutes to seconds. The technique exploits the dynamics of droplet impact and demonstrates robust results for various shapes and fluid combinations.
A new study maps induced earthquake risk in the Permian Basin of West Texas, highlighting areas prone to seismic activity from fluid injection. The detailed stress map provides quantitative data for oil companies to inform more effective drilling operations and reduce the probability of larger earthquakes.
Researchers at MIT developed a mathematical model to describe the relationship between hairy surface dimensions, dipping speed, and fluid properties. The model predicts optimal fluid entrainment for hairy-tongued nectar feeders like bats, honeybees, and possums.
Researchers have created a new surface design featuring rigid scales assembled into soft, ferromagnetic micropillars on a flexible substrate. The nanostructured silicon scales enable fluid and light manipulation, with tunable wetting, droplet manipulation, and structural coloration demonstrated.
A new study suggests that wastewater injection depth is a critical factor in inducing earthquakes. Simulations using an advanced computer model reveal that limiting depth to 500 meters above the basement can reduce seismic energy release by a factor of 2.8.
A new study by the University of Bristol found that Oklahoma's seismicity is strongly linked to fluid injection depth. The team used a powerful computer model to examine the connections between injection volume, depth, and location, as well as geological features.
Researchers created a fluid material with orderly condensed egg white proteins, which gelled upon heating and exhibited high mechanical properties. The resulting hydrogel showed a compressive fracture strength 150-fold higher than traditional boiled egg white.
MIT researchers have developed a new approach to microfluidics using LEGO bricks, enabling the creation of modular devices that can perform various biological operations. The team has designed fluidic bricks with specific patterns of channels to perform tasks such as mixing and sorting fluids.
Researchers identified specific factors causing seismic activity in Alberta's Duvernay play, finding that increased hydraulic fracturing fluid volumes in susceptible locations trigger earthquakes. The study aims to improve earthquake prediction and mitigate induced seismicity in the region.
A recent study has found that cancer patients given fluids at the end-of-life stage live significantly longer than those who don't receive such treatment. This results in an average of one-and-a-half more days of life, as well as better symptom control and minimal side effects.
The City College of New York is leading a five-year research project on complex fluids funded by the National Science Foundation, which includes 11 partner institutions in France, Germany, and Norway. Possible outcomes include improvements in energy and process efficiency in industrial systems globally.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to eliminate turbulence in fluid flows, which can save up to 95% of the energy required to pump fluids through pipes. The approach involves creating a 'flat' velocity profile that prevents turbulent eddies from forming.
Researchers found a correlation between saltwater disposal and earthquake occurrence up to 125 km, but reducing small faults didn't affect larger earthquakes. To reduce large fluid-triggered earthquakes, injecting less water appears to be the solution.
Scientists developed a model to estimate the maximum magnitude of an earthquake caused by wastewater injection from hydraulic fracturing. The model takes into account the energy stored on nearby faults and predicts the distance an earthquake can propagate beyond an injection site.
Researchers have invented a device that uses fast-moving fluids to insert flexible, conductive carbon nanotube fibers into the brain, where they can help record neuronal signals. The microfluidic-based technique promises to improve therapies relying on electrodes.
A study found that concentration fluctuations are enhanced by thermal convection in mixtures of high and low viscosity liquids. Immobile regions are also formed during this process due to the large viscosity difference.
Princeton researchers studied the formation of layers in cafe lattes, discovering that double-diffusive convection is the primary mechanism behind this phenomenon. The study's findings have implications for industrial flows and mixing procedures, as well as understanding heat- and salinity-dependent flows in oceans.
A new molecular test detects telomere fusions in pancreatic tumor and cyst fluid samples to predict high-grade dysplasia and invasive cancer. This assay helps physicians determine whether lesions require surgical resection or can be safely monitored.
Researchers at OIST created a device to study small-scale whirlpools and found that adding polymers reduces vortex intensity, saving energy. The discovery has implications for optimizing flows in lab-on-a-chip devices and improving inkjet printer resolution.
A recent study by Penn researchers reveals that the Brazil nut effect plays a crucial role in explaining how rivers resist erosion. The phenomenon, where larger particles tend to rise to the top of mixtures, helps create an armor-like layer on riverbeds, protecting them from excessive erosion. This finding has significant implications ...
Researchers at Institute for Basic Science developed a method to create dynamic tubular structures by exploiting centripetal force of rotating fluids, enabling self-assembly of particles under non-equilibrium conditions. This breakthrough could lead to creation of various shapes of microcomposites useful in photonics applications.
MIT scientists have explained why a droplet of liquid can 'levitate' on a bath's surface under certain conditions. By maintaining a temperature difference, the air cushion between the droplet and the bath is strengthened, preventing it from sinking and allowing it to levitate.