Articles tagged with Gravitation
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A team of astronomers used a natural cosmic lens to magnify the light from a distant radio galaxy, detected for the first time using the VLA. The discovery provides valuable insights into star formation in low-mass galaxies at early universe ages.
Researchers at the University of Vienna have successfully measured the smallest gravitational force yet by using a ladybug-sized mass. The team, led by Markus Aspelmeyer and Tobias Westphal, has picked up on an idea from Henry Cavendish's 18th-century experiment to measure gravitational forces with increasing accuracy.
A new general relativistic framework for models of galactic rotation curves alleviates the need for dark matter by incorporating gravitomagnetic fields. The theory proposes that these fields can explain the effects of dark matter, suggesting a possible elimination of this form of matter.
NASA's Parker Solar Probe captured stunning views of Venus during its close flyby in July 2020. The onboard Wide-field Imager for Parker Solar Probe detected a bright rim around the edge of the planet that may be nightglow.
Researchers have developed a method to reconstruct the early Universe's state, removing gravitational effects from large-scale structure. The ATERUI II supercomputer was used to create simulated universes, revealing that the method can correct primordial density fluctuations and improve inflation constraints.
An international team of experts has demonstrated that only quantum gravity can create a specific ingredient needed for quantum computation. The proposed experiment involves cooling billions of atoms to extremely low temperatures and applying a magnetic field, which would reveal the underlying gravity if it's quantum.
A team of RUDN University physicists discovered solutions to semi-classical models describing particle-like waves and calculated the ratio between gravitational interaction and charge interactions. The results suggest that gravity may play a significant role in the formation of elementary particles, particularly at the Planck scale.
A team led by Masato Shirasaki applied a reconstruction method to turn back the cosmic clock and remove gravitational effects from simulated universes. They found that their method can correct for gravitational effects and improve constraints on primordial density fluctuations.
Scientists have developed a new modelling technique to simulate the effects of both gravity and magnetism on planetary formation. The study suggests that magnetic fields can make it difficult for growing planets to accumulate mass beyond a certain point, resulting in a higher frequency of intermediate-mass planets.
Researchers have used cosmological observations to constrain a quantum gravity model, disproving the linear version. The quadratic model is placed under tighter scrutiny, with stricter bounds compared to quantum experiments.
Mathematicians from RUDN University and University of Munich introduced a new method for stationary solutions in three-dimensional Vlasov-Poisson equations, describing phenomena in stellar dynamics. The results provide insights into the interaction of gravitating particles and electromagnetic fields.
Researchers from the University of Nottingham have demonstrated that backreaction can be simulated in a laboratory experiment using a specially designed water tank. The study found that waves sent into an analogue black hole significantly changed its properties, with effects visible to the eye.
Researchers at the University of Sussex calculated a tighter mass range for Dark Matter particles, showing it cannot be 'ultra-light' or 'super-heavy', unless an unknown force also acts upon it. The new range is between 10^-3 eV and 107 eV, significantly narrowing the previously theorized spectrum.
A team of scientists led by Charlotte Förster discovered a correlation between moon phases and women's menstrual cycles. The researchers found that the strength of the moon's light-dark cycle contributes to synchronizing menstruation in women, while gravity also plays a role.
Researchers at York University found that individuals differ in their reliance on visual information to interpret their environment, leading to varying perceptions of self-motion. This study's findings have practical applications for space travel, virtual reality game design, and understanding aging-related changes in mobility.
A team of international scientists detected an external field effect in over 150 galaxies, challenging the dark matter hypothesis and supporting modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). The findings suggest that MOND's gravity at low accelerations is stronger than predicted by Newtonian understanding.
A team of researchers has developed a method to tease out primordial gravitational waves from gravitational-wave data. The new approach allows for the detection of faint signals that could reveal insights into the early universe's conditions and processes.
Researchers studied spiders in space, where they built asymmetrical webs with the center displaced. However, when exposed to lamplight, the webs became more symmetrical, and spiders oriented themselves away from the light source.
Physicists propose an experiment to test if gravity is a quantum phenomenon, involving entangled diamonds in freefall. A conducting copper plate shields the Casimir effect, reducing noise and making the experiment less demanding.
Researchers found subtle changes in about 1,000 genes and stronger effects in some genes, particularly among neurons, after exposing worms to low gravity. The study aims to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of spaceflight-induced health decline in humans and identify potential therapy targets.
Researchers at NASA's John H. Glenn Research Center use microgravity to study fire whirls, shedding light on ways fires burn without gravity and informing protective measures for astronauts. New computational fluid dynamics models improve predictions of wildfire behavior by accounting for varying fuel moisture content.
A recent study reveals that the Milky Way galaxy is being warped and twisted by the gravitational force of the Large Magellanic Cloud, a smaller galaxy that crossed its boundary 700 million years ago. The effects are still being witnessed today and should force a revision of how our galaxy evolved.
Researchers at UC San Diego are launching an experiment to the ISS to study mudslides in microgravity and develop technologies to prevent them. They hope to create a protective layer using Xanthan gum, a common food additive.
Zi Chen's research project aims to identify biomechanical mechanisms driving early embryonic brain and heart development. The study may lead to a better understanding of birth defects such as situs inversus, which affects organ placement and replacement.
Researchers found that galaxy clusters today are 4 million degrees Fahrenheit, 10 times hotter than 10 billion years ago. The team used data from telescopes and space missions to measure the temperature of gas concentrations over time, confirming a theory about dark matter.
Computer simulations show that neutron star mergers can lead to black hole formation under specific conditions. The threshold mass for collapse depends on the properties of dense nuclear matter.
Scientists at Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology developed a novel approach to quantify the psychological appeal of games. They found that the value of 'gravity in the mind' changed over time, reflecting cultural tendencies and historical trends.
Researchers at NIST have proposed a novel method to find dark matter by detecting its gravitational interaction with visible matter. A billion millimeter-sized pendulums would act as sensors, sensitive to particles ranging from 1/5,000 of a milligram to a few milligrams, covering the so-called Planck mass.
Research reveals black holes emit complex signals when observed from their equator, indicating a unique relation between gravitational waves and black hole behavior. The team discovered that the final black hole's cusp emits more intense gravitational waves, producing multiple 'chirps' as it settles to its final form.
The OSIRIS-REx mission has mapped the gravity field of asteroid Bennu, revealing a weaker and less dense core than previously thought. This could put the asteroid's survival at risk in the near future as it may slowly spin itself apart.
Scientists have successfully measured the iron lines in the solar spectrum using a laser frequency comb and HARPS instrument, verifying one of Einstein's predictions - the gravitational redshift effect. This confirms that General Relativity theory is correct and has significant implications for satellite navigation systems like GPS.
Researchers used black hole images to test Einstein's general relativity, identifying modifications that cannot be significantly different from the theory. The new analysis provides a tighter gauge for testing gravity theories, constraining deviations from general relativity even further.
Researchers conducted transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on themselves and a group of volunteers in zero gravity to assess its safety and efficacy. The study aimed to compare TMS results under Earth's gravity to those in zero gravity, with potential implications for long-term space missions.
Researchers from the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration used the first horizon-scale image of a black hole to test general relativity, deepening understanding of black holes and ruling out many alternatives. The study found that the size of the black hole shadow corroborates the predictions of general relativity.
The universe's homogeneity is explained by Einstein's gravity theory, which shows that cosmological gravitational waves decay over time. This finding suggests that Einstein's theory can fully explain the universe's state without the need for inflation.
Researchers have experimentally observed effective gravity and two-time physics in ferrofluid-based hyperbolic metamaterials, paving the way for ultra-fast all-optical hypercomputing. This phenomenon has potential applications in time-sensitive fields such as real-time computing and target recognition.
Astronomers have discovered a discrepancy between theoretical models and Hubble observations of galaxy clusters, suggesting a potential gap in our understanding of dark matter. The study used unprecedentedly detailed observations to map the distribution of dark matter on small scales.
Researchers have detected a signal from the most massive black hole merger observed in gravitational waves, producing an 'intermediate-mass' black hole with a mass of up to 1,000 solar masses. The merger released energy equivalent to eight suns and has raised questions about the formation of such massive black holes.
Researchers have discovered the first intermediate-mass black hole, which has a mass of 142 solar masses. The cosmic event was detected as a brief gravitational wave signal, lasting less than one-tenth of a second, and is believed to have occurred roughly 7 billion years ago.
A team of astrophysicists observes newborn stars' magnetospheric accretion region for the first time, providing insight into star formation mechanisms. The study uses the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) and GRAVITY instrument to measure angular size and prove magnetospheric accretion taking place close to stellar surfaces.
Scientists at Sun Yat-sen University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology review the history of G measurements, highlighting inconsistent results and proposing future experiments to reduce uncertainty. They also present their own latest values, achieving high accuracy and confidence levels.
Researchers challenge previous understanding of viscous bubble behavior, concluding that surface tension and dynamic stress are key drivers of bubble collapse. In viscous liquids, bubbles exhibit structural instability characterized by radial wrinkles around the periphery, a phenomenon previously attributed to gravity.
A team of astronomers discovered a stellar stream composed of the remnants of an ancient globular cluster torn apart by the Milky Way's gravity 2 billion years ago. The Phoenix Stream is distinct from other globular clusters and suggests that there may be no minimum abundance of heavier elements required for their formation.
Researchers from Potsdam and the USA combined gravity field data from GRACE satellites with local measurement methods to track groundwater changes more precisely. This new approach allows for accurate water storage analysis in smaller regions, even for catchments as small as 1000 square kilometers.
Researchers studied robotic explorers' impact on asteroid surfaces, finding that some rocks and boulders likely ricochet due to low gravity. The study provides critical information for designing successful asteroid missions.
Researchers have discovered an unusual pulsar in a binary system with two neutron stars of different masses, which could provide vital clues about unsolved mysteries in astrophysics. The discovery, published in Nature, sheds light on the expansion rate of the Universe and the nature of exotic matter that makes up neutron star interiors.
Researchers from UCL and international collaborators propose a detector using nano-scale diamond crystals to measure mid-frequency gravitational waves. The device would be 4000 times smaller than current detectors, enabling the study of black hole collisions and exploring nonclassical gravity.
KELT-9 b experiences two summers and two winters every year due to its unique polar orbit around an extremely hot star. The planet's atmosphere streams away into space as it receives 44,000 times more energy from its star than Earth does from the Sun.
The Combined Engineering Judgment review by Sandia's Delegated Chief Engineer for Nuclear Weapons Ernie Wilson validated the lab's work on the B61-12 Life Extension Program, ensuring the weapon meets safety and security requirements. The program aims to extend the bomb's service life by decades through refurbishment and modernization.
Scientists have detected an object of 2.6 solar masses, firmly placing it within the 'mass gap' between neutron stars and black holes. The discovery was made using LIGO and Virgo detectors and may challenge current theoretical models.
New research suggests black holes could be like holograms, with information concentrated in a two-dimensional surface. This idea aligns with Einstein's theory of relativity and has significant implications for understanding these cosmic bodies.
A team of scientists found that groups of living organisms that move through squirming exhibit distinct collective properties depending on their velocities and bottom-heaviness. These characteristics can lead to intriguing emergent behaviors, such as clusters forming at the bottom or top of a container.
Astronomers using ALMA have spotted quasi-periodic flickers in millimeter-waves from the center of the Milky Way, suggesting a rotating radio spot circling a supermassive black hole. The findings provide insight into space-time with extreme gravity and may shed light on the behavior of gas around the black hole.
Researchers have developed a new model that enables direct measurement of vibrations inside neutron stars from gravitational-wave signals. This will provide fresh insights into the fundamental nature and composition of these mysterious objects, unlocking new avenues for studying extremely dense nuclear matter.
Researchers use nearly 20,000 atoms in extremely low temperatures to study quantum entanglement and its implications for quantum-enhanced sensing applications. The study aims to develop gravitational sensors that can detect gravity and acceleration without GPS.
Researchers studied geckos' unique toe mechanism, which allows them to adjust and distribute weight on various surfaces. This adaptation enables agile locomotion and is crucial for designing effective robot feet and grippers.
Physicists Rees McNally and Tanya Zelevinsky have proposed two novel methods of searching for dark matter by measuring tiny perturbations in fundamental constants. These methods involve using gravity sensors and LIGO gravitational wave detectors to detect a small extra 'push' or acceleration on normal matter caused by dark matter clumps.
Researchers from RIKEN developed transportable optical lattice clocks to make precise measurements of time dilation effect, validating Einstein's theory of general relativity. The study uses clocks on the base and top of the Tokyo Skytree tower to demonstrate a significant difference in clock speed due to gravity
Astronomers have discovered a one-sided pulsator in the Milky Way, with citizen scientists providing crucial clues. The star's unusual single-sided pulsation is caused by its location in a binary star system with a red dwarf companion.
Theoretical physicists calculate the birth of baby universes 46 times, showing a link between gravity and soliton. The study uses the JT gravity model to demonstrate the unification of quantum mechanics and gravity.