Articles tagged with Gravitation
Theoretical physicists suggest creating a ring of ultracold atoms to measure gravity at short distances, potentially clarifying the universe's accelerating expansion. This concept has practical applications in motion sensors and quantum computing.
Researchers from the University of Extremadura and Sapienza University of Rome have discovered a new type of convection in granular fluids. This lateral-wall thermal convection is produced by inert walls and exhibits distinct properties compared to traditional fluid dynamics.
Researchers modeled massive star formation using high-performance computers, discovering episodic luminosity bursts that outshine the collective effect of 100,000 Suns. These bursts are thought to be caused by the migration of dense clumps through accretion disks, offering new insights into the birth process of massive stars.
A team of researchers found that the shape of a tube, in addition to its size, affects whether liquids will spill. When tubes are elliptical or triangular, gravity can't overcome surface tension, causing liquids to remain inside, unlike circular tubes.
Two studies based on GRAIL data provide clearer pictures of the Orientale impact basin, one of the largest and youngest craters on the Moon. The studies reveal that the transient crater has a smaller diameter than previously thought and estimate a minimum amount of material redistributed from the lunar crust during the impact.
The 1950s saw significant advancements in gravity physics through experiments, transforming it into an accepted field of physical science. Robert Dicke's research group pioneered this shift, uncovering empirical evidence that substantiates Einstein's general relativity theory.
A CSU-developed air quality sampler, TPS100, will be sent to the International Space Station to collect airborne particles and address astronaut health concerns. The device uses thermophoresis to capture nanoparticles and has been tested in lab settings before its upcoming space mission.
The Syracuse University-Cal State Fullerton partnership aims to recruit and expand the number of underrepresented students in gravitational-wave astronomy. The five-year project, funded by the National Science Foundation, will provide multiple three-year fellowships for CSUF students to transfer into Syracuse's Ph.D. program in physics.
Researchers from LMU Munich analyzed data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to calculate the dynamics of cosmic voids. Their findings demonstrate that the analysis of voids is a suitable approach to investigating gravity in empty regions and determining the total density of matter in the universe.
Researchers have developed a new strategy to probe the nature of gravity and dark energy by studying the empty spaces in between galaxies. The study found that analyzing cosmic voids improves measurements of how visible matter clusters together, bringing astronomers closer to testing Einstein's general theory of relativity.
Physicists develop simplified models to identify dark matter signals, combining results from multiple experiments. These new approaches yield unique signatures and help constrain dark matter searches.
Scientists have discovered a mathematical resemblance between swarm dynamics and gravitational interactions in midge swarms. The team proposes an 'adaptive gravity' model that explains how swarming insects maintain cohesion despite the dominant interaction being long-range.
Physicists have devised a method to distinguish black holes from compact massive objects using the energy spectrum of particles moving in their vicinity. The method involves studying the behavior of scalar particles near these objects and finding discrete energy levels, which are absent in the case of black holes.
Researchers at RIT create a faster and more accurate way to assess gravitational wave signals, inferring the sources that made them. They use numerical simulations of binary black holes to extract information directly from the data, improving accuracy over previous approximations.
Researchers use new computer codes to create accurate models of the universe and its contents, shedding light on the evolution of the universe and the growth of structure within it. The study confirms that small-scale structures produce significant effects on larger distance scales, providing new insights into gravity and cosmology.
A University of Liverpool study reveals that the Caribbean Sea's unique resonance produces oscillations in the Earth's gravity field, detectable from space. These changes can cause significant sea level fluctuations, influencing coastal flooding and climate regulation.
Scientists observed gravitational waves for the second time, produced during the merger of two black holes. The detection was made possible by the enhanced capabilities of Advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors.
The second detection of gravitational waves from merging black holes is a significant milestone in the development of physics. Scientists have found that the observed gravity waves were generated by two black holes with masses of 14 and 8 solar masses, which merged to form a single rotating black hole.
For the second time, scientists have detected gravitational waves, which provide information about their origins and gravity's nature. The event involved two smaller black holes that merged to form a more massive spinning black hole.
Scientists have detected gravitational waves from the merger of two black holes, 14 and 8 times the mass of the sun, producing a single massive spinning black hole. The detection provides new insights into the nature of gravity and the origins of these cosmic events.
PhD candidate Gwendolyn Eadie has developed a method to estimate the mass of the Milky Way using globular cluster velocities. This approach predicts the mass contained within any distance from the center of the galaxy, providing new insights into the dark matter component.
Researchers found two gaps in the gas disk that overlap with dust gaps, suggesting infant planets carve out the gaps. The team estimates a planet mass 0.8 times Jupiter's at the inner gap, but the outer gap's origin remains unclear.
A new study by NASA scientist Alexander Kashlinsky proposes that primordial black holes, formed in the universe's first second, could make up dark matter. If correct, this would mean all galaxies are embedded within a vast sphere of black holes with masses similar to the sun.
LAGEOS, launched in 1976, revolutionized the study of Earth's tectonic plates, rotation, and gravitational field. The satellite achieved accuracies of less than half an inch, enabling precise measurements of plate movement and subtle changes in Earth's center of mass.
The Gruber Foundation Cosmology Prize recognizes the first observation of gravitational waves by the LIGO team, confirming a key prediction of Einstein's theory of general relativity. This achievement opens up new means of studying the universe and provides direct evidence for the existence of black holes.
The PIPER (Primordial Inflation Polarization Explorer) balloon mission aims to detect primordial gravitational waves and prove the universe expanded faster than light after the Big Bang. The discovery could establish a link between gravity and quantum mechanics, resolving long-standing puzzles in physics.
Scientists discover that Europa's tidal dissipation process generates significantly more heat in its ice than previously assumed. This finding has implications for estimating the thickness of the moon's outer shell and understanding the chemistry of the hidden ocean, which is crucial for searching for life.
Researchers in China have developed a portable laboratory and topography meter to measure the frequency of random landslides on the steep slopes of the Loess Plateau. The system allows for site-specific tests, such as simulated rainfall, and can digitally reconstruct the slope's behavior under erosion conditions.
The new gravity map provides a detailed view of Mars' interior, revealing a liquid outer core and massive seasonal precipitation. The improved resolution helps understand the formation of specific regions and confirms previous indications about Martian tides.
Geophysicists use GOCE data to visualize the Earth's crust beneath, shedding new light on plate tectonics and geological characteristics. The technique, developed by TUM researchers, enables three-dimensional imaging of the Earth using two grids – similar to stereoscopic vision with two eyes.
Researchers used high-performance computing to investigate the cause of Mount Kosciuszko's formation. They found that the mountain range was uplifted twice due to a combination of gravitational forces and mantle movements, resulting in the iconic Australian Alps.
Researchers found neurons in a color-recognizing region of the brain that can infer gravity direction from visual cues. These cells provide critical information for object physics, balance, and posture., The study suggests these cells help humans orient themselves and predict object behavior.
A Duke University theorist proposes that the universe's varied body sizes are a result of internal tension release through hierarchical formation. This concept is rooted in Bejan's constructal law, which states that flowing systems will tend towards easier architecture by releasing tension through smaller, more numerous bodies.
An international team of scientists including UMD physicists confirms Einstein's prediction of gravitational waves in a binary black hole merger event. This detection marks a major breakthrough in the field of gravitational wave research and offers insights into gravity and the universe.
Scientists have observed ripples in spacetime called gravitational waves, providing insight into the nature of gravity. The detection was made possible by improved LIGO detectors, allowing for increased sensitivity and a larger volume of the universe to be probed.
Scientists observed ripples in spacetime called gravitational waves from colliding black holes, confirming a major prediction of Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity. The detected waves were produced during the merger of two black holes, with masses about 29 and 36 times that of the sun.
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) has detected ripples in space-time, also known as gravitational waves, for the first time on Earth. This breakthrough opens a new window into the universe and revolutionizes our understanding of violent cosmic events.
Rochester Institute of Technology researchers' 2005 breakthrough prediction of gravitational waves has been confirmed by LIGO. Their work introduced a revolutionary new way to understand the universe through gravitational wave astronomy, opening up frontiers in the field.
A research team led by GGC physicist Lior Burko simulated a rotating black hole for the first time, revealing that objects can stay intact as they approach the center. The simulation supports popular science fiction scenarios where black holes are used as portals for hyperspace travel.
Researchers discovered that stars undergo sharp stellar brightening caused by gravitational instabilities in massive gaseous disks, leading to a new understanding of star formation and evolution. The discovery may imply that our Sun experienced several such episodes, affecting the formation of giant planets.
Scientists have discovered evidence of ancient continental collisions in the Teton Range, dating back 2.68 billion years, providing new insights into the early history of plate tectonics. The study found significant differences in the composition of the ancient crust compared to modern plates.
A new gravity dataset covering 73% of Antarctica has been released, providing geoscientists with a tool to investigate the deep structure of the continent. The dataset will aid in studying subglacial geology, tectonic structures and their impact on ice sheet dynamics.
Researchers from the ALPHA Collaboration have made a breakthrough in studying antihydrogen, improving the measurement of its charge by a factor of 20. The study's results suggest that matter and antimatter may interact differently, with potential implications for our understanding of the universe.
Online citizen science project Space Warps has made significant contributions to astrophysics, discovering 29 new gravitational lenses and a novel lensing scenario. The involvement of thousands of volunteer scientists has demonstrated the value of human pattern recognition in analyzing vast datasets.
Researchers have developed a new technique to accurately measure the surface gravity of distant stars, allowing for more precise analysis of exoplanet sizes and habitability. This breakthrough will play a crucial role in the study of planets beyond our Solar System.
Astronomer Evan Kirby measures high concentration of dark matter in small dwarf galaxy Triangulum II, potentially making it a leading candidate for direct detection. The galaxy's unique characteristics and minimal background noise make it an ideal location to search for gamma-ray signals from colliding dark matter particles.
Researchers predict a physical effect that would help physicists and astronomers test Einstein's general theory of relativity. The gravitational Faraday effect, first predicted in the 1950s, theorizes that light polarization rotates according to Einstein's theory when traveling close to a spinning black hole.
A new study suggests that geophysical elements, such as the West Antarctic Ice Sheet's gravitational pull and the mantle's fluid nature, can slow its retreat. This could lead to a less drastic rise in global sea levels than previously predicted.
Astronomers suggest that large spiral patterns in circumstellar disks around young stars may indicate the presence of giant unseen planets. Computer simulations support this idea by showing how gas-and-dust disks evolve and how planets can modify disk structures, revealing their mass and position.
A new NASA study uses GRACE satellite data to track droughts in Brazil, revealing an average loss of 15 trillion gallons of water per year from 2012 to 2015. The findings show the worst drought in 35 years has desiccated major cities across southeastern Brazil.
Researchers at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center are studying cooling techniques for 3-D integrated circuits, which will be stacked on top of each other like skyscrapers. The team aims to develop methods that can efficiently remove heat from these tightly packed chips, which is essential for space-based applications.
Fischbach's work on the Eötvös Experiment led to a reevaluation of data suggesting a possible new force in the universe. Despite no experimental confirmation, his theory has stimulated novel experiments and theories, including the quest for new macroscopic fields of gravitational strength.
The Pathfinder telescope has completed its first super-cold optical test, achieving significant breakthroughs in cryogenic alignment and testing of primary mirror segments. This test demonstrated the ability to optically test and align the telescope at -400 degrees Fahrenheit, simulating operating temperatures for the L2 Lagrange point.
A team of researchers used an online classification system, Space Warps, to identify 29 new gravitational lens candidates. The citizen scientists analyzed 430,000 images and helped the researchers uncover potential lenses that algorithms may have missed.
Scientists found regions on the far side of the moon with fractured and porous upper crusts, altered by small asteroid impacts. The research suggests that these impacts increased porosity in some areas, while decreasing it elsewhere.
A study by UC Santa Barbara scientist Alex Simms has found that the Pacific coast of North America is not uplifting as rapidly as previously thought. The researchers recalculated uplift rates for California and other areas, applying a correction for glacio-isostatic adjustment, which affects ocean levels due to past ice sheets.
Researchers at Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona have successfully created a magnetic wormhole connecting two regions of space. This breakthrough technology could lead to more comfortable MRI scans and new medical applications.
Researchers at UC Berkeley conducted an experiment to detect dark energy particles called 'chameleons,' which were proposed as a possible explanation for the mysterious energy. The results narrowed the search by a thousand times compared to previous tests, ruling out certain energies and eliminating a large range of possible particles.
The RIKEN collaboration has confirmed proton-antiproton symmetry through a high-precision experiment testing CPT invariance. The results show that charge-to-mass ratios are identical within 69 parts per trillion, constraining violations of the standard model and informing future research on antimatter and dark matter.
Researchers found that a slight deflection in natural gravity at Greenwich causes the offset. The study's findings confirm that newer technologies like GPS have replaced traditional methods of determining longitude.