Articles tagged with Gravitation
Theoretical physicists explore effects of breaking Lorentz invariance in ultraviolet region to create renormalizable theories. A holographic superconductor can still be realized in this new gravity without LI.
A new approach breaks down the N-body problem into inertial and local reference frames, allowing for the solution of the Einstein field equations with accuracy. The results have practical applications in astronomy, geodesy, and astrophysics.
Researchers at MIT have found that a combination of artificial gravity and exercise can significantly lessen the effects of extended weightlessness in space. The study involved healthy participants pedaling a stationary bicycle while spinning in a centrifuge, with results showing improved bone density and cardiovascular activity.
A new NASA supercomputer simulation of the planet and debris disk around Beta Pictoris reveals that the planet's motion drives spiral waves throughout the disk, causing collisions among orbiting debris. The patterns in these collisions account for many observed features that previous research has struggled to explain.
A new NASA simulation reveals that dark matter particles colliding in a black hole can produce strong, potentially observable gamma-ray light. This detection could provide new insights into both black holes and the nature of dark matter.
Researchers have discovered that time dilation caused by gravity can explain the suppression of quantum behavior in larger objects, such as molecules and dust particles. This effect destroys quantum superposition and forces these objects to behave classically.
Researchers use ALMA to image massive galaxy SDP.81, located 11.7 billion light-years away, and reveal its inner structure, including giant molecular clouds and supermassive black hole at center of foreground galaxy.
Astronomers confirm three supernovae existed in the dark emptiness of intergalactic space, far from their home galaxies. This discovery provides crucial insight into the formation and evolution of galaxy clusters.
Experimental data from zero-gravity experiments on the International Space Station provides insights into thermodiffusion effects in ternary liquid mixtures. The results, published in the European Physical Journal E, offer a benchmark for future theoretical and numerical models.
Researchers analyzed gravity satellite data to conclude that Antarctica's ice cap is melting faster than ever. The southern continent lost 92 billion tons of ice per year from 2003 to 2014, with West Antarctica's ice sheet losing twice as much as East Antarctica.
The JILA strontium atomic clock has achieved unprecedented precision and stability levels, outperforming previous world records by more than three times. This breakthrough enables the measurement of tiny changes in time and gravity, with applications in advanced communications, positioning technologies, and relativistic geodesy.
Researchers detect lagging dark matter clump in galaxy collision, suggesting interaction with forces other than gravity. This finding rules out the standard theory of Cold Dark Matter, potentially revealing new physics and behavior.
Researchers observed four colliding galaxies and found a lag between dark matter and its associated galaxy, suggesting that dark matter interacts with forces other than gravity. This discovery could be the first evidence for rich physics in the dark sector, helping scientists better understand dark matter's nature.
Researchers from the University of Liverpool found that south east Iceland is actually composed of a fragment of continental crust, extending offshore to the east. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of mantle plumes and plate tectonics, with potential impacts on natural resources in the region.
Researchers at RIT studied binary spinning black hole interactions, revealing a long-term spin dynamic that continuously flips the spin until merger. This process may affect the growth of black holes surrounded by accretion disks and alter galactic and supermassive binary black holes.
New research using high-resolution observations reveals that magnetic fields in the Cat's Paw Nebula preserve their direction from large to small scales. This suggests that self-gravity and turbulence cannot significantly alter the field direction, allowing for a more detailed understanding of star formation.
Astronomers have discovered a distant supernova split into four images by a massive galaxy lens, allowing for the study of dark matter distribution and the type of star that exploded. The 'Einstein cross' will enable researchers to measure time delays between the arrival of light from the supernova in different images.
Using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers found four separate images of the same distant supernova, enabling them to measure the difference in light paths. This discovery helps refine estimates of dark matter and the expansion rate of the universe.
Scientists have observed a multiple-star system in its early stages of formation, with three dense condensations that will collapse into stars in just 40,000 years. The system is expected to form a stable triple-star system, with the fourth star potentially leaving the system soon.
Scientists study epigenetic changes in C. elegans worms exposed to simulated microgravity to gain insights into how humans adapt to different gravitational environments. The research reveals an 'epigenetic memory' of microgravity that can be passed on to offspring, sparking new questions about the long-term health consequences of space...
Researchers found black holes exist in gravitational theories with broken Lorentz invariance due to universal horizons, which prevent infinite speeds. Universal horizons act like cosmic boundaries that particles can move around but cannot escape, resolving a long-standing paradox.
Researchers tracked the motion of a binary pulsar to measure the space-time warp caused by its two highly compact stars. The study provided new information on the effects of extreme gravity on neutron stars and binary systems.
Scientists have identified an atypical photon emission signal in X-rays from space that could be evidence of dark matter. The anomaly's distribution corresponds to expected patterns for dark matter, and further analysis confirms the findings.
Researchers found that gravity limits cell size, with a softer-than-jello actin mesh resisting force. The mesh allows flexibility and rigidity in the cell nucleus to support life.
Researchers from Spain and India found that pulsars with black holes are ideal for testing general relativity, but two cases reduce their value. The 'holy grail' pair is a normal black hole, which has yet to be discovered.
The GOCE satellite provided accurate gravity field measurements, enabling scientists to image the planet in a new way. Researchers are sharpening the picture of our dynamic planet with studies in geophysics, ocean circulation, climate change, and civil engineering.
Researchers from Imperial College London propose that spacetime curvature provided stability for the universe to survive expansion after the Big Bang. The team investigated the interaction between Higgs particles and gravity, finding even a small interaction could stabilize the universe.
Researchers at Cardiff University have built a theoretical model to predict potential gravitational-wave signals from black hole collisions. The model aims to help scientists identify the correct waveforms and reveal secrets about how black holes orbit and collide.
Researchers discovered that homing pigeons use an internal gyroscope to guide themselves home, even when encountering disturbances in the gravity field. The study found that birds initially set a bearing home by comparing their home gyroscope setting with their local gyroscope reading.
The Hubble Space Telescope has observed the faint glow of stars ejected from ancient galaxies torn apart within the Pandora's Cluster. The scattered stars are estimated to contribute approximately 10% of the cluster's brightness and are rich in heavier elements.
Astronomers use a cosmic magnifying glass to spot a tiny, faint galaxy more than 13 billion light-years away. The discovery provides insight into the early universe and suggests that small, faint galaxies existed about 500 million years after the big bang.
Scientists have created a new map of the world's seafloor, offering a more vivid picture of deep ocean structures. The map reveals thousands of previously uncharted seamounts, along with new clues about continental formation and earthquake patterns.
A new map of the world's seafloor has been created using satellite data, revealing thousands of previously uncharted sea mountains and providing new clues about deep ocean structures. The map, which is twice as accurate as the previous version, also reveals details of continental connections across South America and Africa.
New research suggests the Moon's 'ocean of storms,' Oceanus Procellarum, was formed by ancient rifts in the crust that provided a magma plumbing system. This theory argues against the long-held impact basin hypothesis and provides a new alternative for understanding the region's unique shape and composition.
Researchers from MIT and other institutions found the Procellarum region on the moon's near side was formed by a large plume of magma deep within the moon's interior. The angular outline of the basin could not have been created by an asteroid impact, according to the team.
Numerical models suggest that Miranda's corona formation was driven by tidal heating and convection in the ice mantle. This process is similar to plate tectonics on Earth, resulting in extensional tectonic faults and surface deformation.
Curtin University research monitors Nile River water volume to help 200 million North-East Africans plan for sustainable use of resources. The study uses GRACE satellite data to isolate total water storage, providing independent insights for countries to inform decision-making and reduce reliance on the river's precious water supply.
Researchers studied astronauts' movements in low gravity and found that they could maintain higher speeds while walking on the moon. The team used NASA's DC-9 aircraft to simulate lunar gravity and tested the speed at which walkers transitioned from a walk to a run, discovering an average speed of 1.4m/s, exceeding previous estimates.
New research from Carnegie Institution solves a 20-year puzzle in quasar research by demonstrating that the Eddington ratio is the driving force behind the main sequence of quasars. The study also reveals the importance of an astronomer's line-of-sight orientation in observing fast-moving gas innermost to the black hole.
A new study suggests that the reason for astronauts falling on the lunar surface might be due to insufficient gravity, which affects perception of 'up'. The study found that a 15% gravity level is needed to influence orientation judgment, close to what's found on the moon.
The researchers mapped the velocities of galaxies throughout our local universe to define the region where each supercluster dominates. The Milky Way resides in the outskirts of the Laniakea Supercluster, which is 500 million light-years in diameter and contains 100,000 galaxies.
Researchers at the University of Tennessee discovered that near-Earth asteroid 1950 DA is held together by van der Waals forces, which defy traditional assumptions about asteroid composition. This finding has implications for defending against massive asteroid impacts and may inform strategies for space exploration.
Researchers propose a solution for the rapid growth of ancient quasars, where small black holes zigzagged through dense gas streams, pulling in material and feeding on it rapidly. This mechanism allowed the black holes to grow at an exponential rate, eventually leading to massive growth rates.
A new study by researchers at UC Santa Cruz shows that most of the moon's overall shape can be explained by tidal effects acting early in the moon's history. The results provide insights into the moon's early history, its orbital evolution, and its current orientation in the sky.
A new study by UCI and NASA scientists reveals that more than three-quarters of the water loss in the drought-stricken Colorado River Basin since late 2004 came from underground resources. The extent of groundwater loss may pose a greater threat to the region's water supply than previously thought.
Scientists discovered a dense underground block of volcanic rock caused the Appalachian mountain chain to shift eastward, forming a distinctive bend. The findings provide valuable insights into the Earth's underlying structures and could inform decisions on hydraulic fracturing in New York State.
Researchers found that fruit flies' Toll pathway failed to respond to a fungal infection in space, while the Imd pathway remained robust. This knowledge may help NASA develop countermeasures for astronauts' weakened immune systems during long-duration space missions.
A Georgia Institute of Technology study discovered that larger animals urinate in the same time as smaller ones, due to the role of gravity in fluid flow. The research has potential applications in designing more efficient water systems and products, such as better-engineered tanks and fire hoses.
A new study reveals magnetic fields near supermassive black holes can match the force of their gravitational pull, affecting gas dynamics and outflows. Magnetic field strengths are comparable to those produced by MRI machines.
By analyzing data from two NASA missions, scientists were able to measure the moon's lopsided shape and its deformation under Earth's sway, providing new insights into the moon's interior. The results confirm previous findings and offer a more comprehensive understanding of the lunar body tide.
A QUT physicist demonstrated that a siphon operates through gravity, not atmospheric pressure. The experiment involved a hypobaric chamber and showed that water flow remained constant despite changes in atmospheric pressure.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology have made extremely sensitive measurements of gravitational effects using neutrons, providing limits on possible new particles or fundamental forces that are restrictive even compared to previous estimations. The findings shed light on the possibility of dark energy and quintessence theories.
Scientists have confirmed that Enceladus has a large subsurface ocean near its south pole using gravity measurements collected by Cassini. The data suggest that the ocean is about 50 kilometers below the surface, and its density could compensate for the absence of material at the surface.
Researchers found that sensory cells use protons to transmit information on head orientation relative to gravity, providing a long-lasting and energy-efficient way to sense low-frequency stimuli. This nonquantal transmission is unusual and could explain how the inner ear senses tonic signals like gravity in a robust manner.
Theories predicting particles smaller than the Higgs particle are now more likely due to a critical review. Researchers found no new weaknesses in these theories.
NASA has released an interactive mosaic of the lunar north pole, created from 10,581 high-resolution images taken by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. The mosaic provides detailed textures and subtle shading of the lunar terrain, making it a valuable resource for scientists and the public.
Researchers have found a mysterious 'shepherd' exoplanet in the Beta Pictoris system, which suggests that the system may be capable of supporting life. The planet is believed to be about the size of Saturn and is thought to be responsible for corraling a swarm of icy comets.
Physicists Lawrence Krauss and Frank Wilczek suggest measuring minute changes in the cosmic background radiation could detect telltale effects of gravitons. They propose that gravitons exist as 'quantum fluctuations' during inflation, generating gravitational waves that affect CMB polarization.
Circumbinary planets are thought to have formed far from their binary star systems before migrating to their current location. Researchers used computer simulations to model the early stages of planet formation around Kepler-34(AB)b and found that the majority must have formed much further away.
The team detected a series of bright gamma-ray flares from a source known as B0218+357, located in a gravitational lens system. The gamma-ray delay is about a day longer than radio observations report for this system, and the region emitting gamma rays is very small compared to those emitting at lower energies.