Articles tagged with Laser Physics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
By changing the physical structure of gold, researchers can drastically change its interaction with light, leading to enhanced electronic behavior and improved absorption of light energy. This study demonstrates the potential of nanoporous gold as a new design parameter for engineering materials in advanced technologies.
Scientists at SwissFEL have developed a technique known as X-ray four-wave mixing, allowing them to access coherences in matter for the first time. This breakthrough has the potential to illuminate how quantum information is stored and lost, ultimately aiding the design of more error-tolerant quantum devices.
Researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute have successfully implemented mode-locking to generate coherent trains of X-ray pulses with unprecedented temporal structure. This achievement enables attosecond science and opens up new experimental possibilities, including precise timing of phenomena in gases, liquids, and solids.
Researchers at Lund University have developed a compact and elegant way to stretch ultrafast laser pulses using a diffraction grating, allowing for precise control over pulse duration. This enables full characterization in a single shot, without the need for pre-compensation optical elements.
Researchers have demonstrated how controlling the structure of photons in space and time enables tailored quantum states for next-generation communication, sensing, and imaging. This breakthrough offers new pathways for high-capacity quantum communication and advanced technologies.
Researchers have demonstrated that non-circular VCSEL cavity designs can fundamentally improve performance by redefining boundary conditions. The pentagonal VCSEL showed over twice the power density of traditional circular VCSELs, while the mushroom-shaped VCSEL offered high power and low spatial coherence.
A new study uses X-ray microcomputed tomography to image and analyze 3D chaotic microcavities without harming them. The team found that distorted shapes lead to Arnold diffusion, confirming a long-standing theoretical prediction about 3D chaotic light dynamics.
Researchers have developed a new system that combines laser amplification and bandwidth, achieving 80% efficiency in a compact and versatile design. The system uses a multipass procedure to synchronize pulses and generate pulses shorter than 50 femtoseconds.
Scientists at Max Born Institute develop technique to generate µJ-level tunable few-fs UV pulses in VUV range. They successfully characterized few-fs pulses tuned between 160 and 190 nm using electron FROG, revealing pulse duration of 2-3 fs.
Scientists at Max Born Institute and DESY develop a plasma lens that focuses attosecond pulses, improving the study of ultrafast electron dynamics. The technique offers high transmission rates and allows for focusing light across different colors.
Physicists at Umeå University developed a laser made entirely from biomaterials, including birch leaves and peanut kernels. The environmentally friendly laser performs just as well as artificially engineered lasers and could be used for bioimaging, diagnostics, and optical tagging.
Researchers developed a laser-emission vibrational microscopy technique for rapid screening of hyperlipidemia, measuring viscosity of microdroplets in over 5,400 droplets in 90 minutes. The approach enables high-throughput analysis of biological fluids with promise for mechanical biomarker discovery and low-cost clinical diagnostics.
Researchers developed a novel fluorotellurite glass, TBAY, with high nonlinear efficiency, allowing for miniaturization of mid-infrared laser systems. The new fiber generated tunable Raman soliton and dispersive waves beyond 4 μm in centimeter-long lengths.
Researchers developed a strong-field laser passivation strategy to create super-corrosion-resistant stainless steels. The technique forms a hybrid Fe3O4/Fe2O3/Cr2O3 passivation layer with unique micro/nanostructures, greatly suppressing pitting corrosion and inhibiting metal surface exposure.
Researchers developed luminescent ceramic-converted laser diodes with superior thermal stability, high-power endurance, and improved luminescence efficiency. The resultant ceramics achieve unprecedented efficiency and enable record output power under blue laser excitation.
Using extreme ultraviolet high-harmonic interferometry, researchers tracked changes in the electronic bandgap of silica glass and magnesium oxide under strong laser excitation. The study found a shrinking bandgap in silica and a widening bandgap in magnesium oxide.
The team developed a new method to produce ultrafast squeezed light, which can fluctuate between intensity and phase-squeezing by adjusting the position of fused silica relative to the split beam. This breakthrough could lead to more secure communication and advance fields like quantum sensing, chemistry, and biology.
UC Riverside-developed FROSTI system allows precise control of laser wavefronts at extreme power levels, opening a new pathway for gravitational-wave astronomy. This technology expands the universe's view by a factor of 10, potentially detecting millions of black hole and neutron star mergers with unmatched fidelity.
Researchers discovered that ultrafast magnetization switching proceeds with a speed of about 2000 meters per second, not uniformly throughout the material. A moving boundary propagates through the film, sweeping through the entire layer in roughly 4.5 ps.
Researchers developed a novel robust saturable absorber by integrating a nanocavity heterostructure onto the fibre end facet, achieving single-pulse generation in approximately 85% of configurations. This enhances environmental tolerance and compactness for communication systems, high-precision sensing, and bio-photonics.
A team of scientists observed the earliest steps of ultrafast charge transfer in a complex dye molecule, with high-frequency vibrations playing a central role. The experiments showed that these vibrations initiate charge transport, while processes in the surrounding solvent begin only at a later stage.
Researchers at Umea University have demonstrated a custom-built laser facility generating ultrashort laser pulses with extreme peak power and precisely controlled waveforms. The Light Wave Synthesizer 100 (LWS100) spans 11 meters in length, capable of producing 100 terawatts for a few millionth of a billionth of a second.
A team of researchers developed a reliable method to create donut-like, topologically rich spin textures called skyrmion bags in thin ferromagnetic films. The success rate of generating such textures using single laser pulses is significantly higher than magnetic-field-driven approaches.
Researchers at Macquarie University developed a new technique to narrow laser linewidth by factors exceeding 10,000 using diamond crystals and Raman scattering. This breakthrough could revolutionize quantum computing, atomic clocks, and gravitational wave detection with improved spectral purity.
The researchers created a novel method for using cholesteric liquid crystals in optical microcavities, enabling the formation and dynamic tuning of photonic crystals. This breakthrough research has the potential to revolutionize photonic engineering by opening up new perspectives in the manipulation of light.
Researchers have developed a novel single-shot diagnostic technique called RAVEN, allowing for the complete capture of ultra-intense laser pulses in real-time. This method enables scientists to fine-tune laser systems and bridge the gap between experimental reality and theoretical models.
Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics has developed a semi-automated process for producing quantum cascade laser modules with MOEMS and EC, simplifying production and reducing costs. The technology enables spectral tunability and high brilliance, making it suitable for various spectroscopy applications.
Dr. Jonas Ohland will lead the ALADIN project to develop stable, efficient lasers for inertial confinement fusion. The goal is to improve beam guidance and reduce manual intervention, benefiting not only fusion research but also other high-power laser applications.
Researchers at U of A create a transistor that operates at speeds over 1,000 times faster than modern computer chips. The breakthrough uses quantum effects to manipulate electrons in graphene, enabling ultrafast processing for applications in space research, chemistry, and healthcare.
Researchers at Ateneo de Manila University create hydrophobic surfaces using electrospun polymer fibers to hold water droplets in a dome shape, allowing for dynamic adjustment of magnifying power. This discovery has potential practical applications in science classrooms, remote areas, and research labs.
Researchers demonstrate ultrafast transparency switching across multiple wavelengths using single laser excitation in germanium, opening possibilities for advanced optical technologies. The study highlights the potential of Ge as a key material for ultrafast optical switching with promising applications in high-speed data transmission ...
Harvard physicists develop an optical vortex beam that twists and changes shape, resembling spiral shapes found in nature. The 'optical rotatum' has potential applications in controlling small particles and micro-manipulation, and its creation is made possible with a single liquid crystal display.
A DESY team significantly improved the properties of a laser-plasma accelerated electron beam by using a two-stage correction system, reducing energy spread and fluctuation. This brings the technology closer to concrete applications in fundamental research, industry, and health.
Researchers periodically drove a time crystal and observed a range of nonlinear dynamic behaviors, from perfect synchronization to chaotic motion. The team discovered the 'Farey tree sequence' and the 'devil's staircase,' which indicate specific patterns of behavior in response to periodic driving.
The thorium-229 nuclear optical clock has the potential to achieve a very high-precision time and frequency standard due to its unique properties. Despite significant progress, numerous challenges remain, including temperature sensitivity and the scarcity of the isotope.
Researchers have developed scalable nanotechnology-based lightsails that can be fabricated in a single day, reducing the traditional 15-year process. These lightsails use laser-driven radiation pressure to propel spacecraft at high speeds, enabling rapid interplanetary travel and opening new possibilities for experimental physics.
A Colorado State University team has achieved a new milestone in 3D X-ray imaging technology by capturing high-resolution CT scans of the interior of a large, dense object using a compact, laser-driven X-ray source. This breakthrough offers a fast and non-destructive way to obtain detailed views inside dense structures.
Scientists at the University of Rochester have discovered a way to create artificial atoms within twisted monolayers of molybdenum diselenide, retaining information when activated by light. This breakthrough could lead to new types of quantum devices, such as memory or nodes in a quantum network.
Scientists at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf have developed a new method to determine the magnetic orientation of a material using terahertz light pulses. This technique enables reading out magnetic structures within picoseconds, opening up possibilities for ultrafast data storage and processing.
A German-Italian team has discovered a way to simplify the experimental implementation of two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy, allowing for real-time study of electron motion in solids. By adding an optical component to Cerullo's interferometer, researchers were able to control laser pulses more precisely, enabling the investigatio...
Researchers used X-ray light to analyze the structure of 2-thiouracil, a substance with medically relevant properties. The study found that UV radiation causes the molecule to bend, resulting in the protrusion of the sulfur atom and making it reactive.
Researchers developed new photon avalanching nanoparticles that exhibit high nonlinearities, overcoming challenges in realizing intrinsic optical bistability at the nanoscale. The breakthrough paves the way for fabricating optical memory and transistors on a nanometer scale comparable to current microelectronics.
A new laser-based device can analyze gas samples with high precision, detecting molecules at minute concentrations. The technology has potential applications in medical diagnostics, tracking greenhouse gas emissions, and more.
Scientists use European X-ray Free Electron Laser to detect axions, which could provide evidence for new physics beyond Standard Model. The experiment sets stage for future searches in milli- to kilo-electron volt mass range.
A new optical technology developed at UC Riverside enables gravitational-wave detectors to reach extreme laser powers, overcoming limitations that hinder the detection of cosmic phenomena. This breakthrough is expected to significantly expand our view of the universe, particularly in the earliest stages of its history.
Researchers have discovered a new way to measure magnetic field orientation using tiny atom-based compasses. The technology has the potential to create precise measurement devices for various applications, including navigation, brain imaging, and medical research.
Goethe University has established a new professorship in experimental physics, solid-state physicist Olena Fedchenko has been appointed to the position. The professorship was made possible by Gisela Eckhardt's €11.5 million bequest.
Researchers are exploring halide perovskites, a material that converts sunlight into energy efficiently. The team created distinct properties using ultra-cool methods, enabling mass production of solar cells.
The Laboratory for Laser Energetics at the University of Rochester has launched an IFE-STAR ecosystem to develop a clean, safe, and virtually limitless energy source. The initiative aims to accelerate fusion science and technology by building a national network of coordination and collaboration.
Researchers used quantum squeezing to improve gas sensing performance of optical frequency comb lasers, doubling the speed of detectors. The technique allowed for more precise measurements with fewer errors, enabling faster detection of molecules like hydrogen sulfide.
Researchers demonstrated a novel mechanism for generating ultrafast spin currents above the Curie temperature in 2D magnetic materials using laser-enhanced proximity effect. This discovery enables the creation of terahertz radiation and opens up new possibilities for spintronics.
A new film made from a thorium precursor could replace crystals in atomic clocks, enabling more accurate time measurements. The film requires much less thorium-229 and is about as radioactive as a banana, paving the way for smaller, more portable, and cheaper nuclear clocks.
Researchers at MIT have created a new magnetic state in an antiferromagnetic material using terahertz laser light, enabling controlled switching and potentially leading to more efficient memory chips. The technique provides a powerful tool for manipulating magnetism and advancing information processing technology.
Researchers have found that under certain conditions, a laser beam can act like an opaque object and cast a shadow. The discovery challenges traditional understanding of shadows and opens new possibilities for technologies controlling light.
Researchers from the University of Liverpool and international collaboration measure nuclear radius of nobleium and fermium isotopes using laser spectroscopy. The study reveals smooth trends in charge radii and reduced influence of shell effects at superheavy element levels.
Nanomechanical resonators have been used to sense minuscule forces and mass changes. The new aluminum nitride resonator achieved a quality factor of over 10 million, opening doors to new possibilities in quantum sensing technologies.
Researchers at UCF are developing a compact semiconductor light source that can disinfect rooms with UV-C light, suitable for defense and civilian use. The laser device aims to last up to 10,000 hours, overcoming its current short lifespan.
Researchers successfully generate guided sound waves on a microchip using lasers, enabling interactions with the environment and paving the way for new sensing technologies. The innovative approach uses special glass to contain sound waves, making it ideal for applications in signal processing and communication technologies.
A new optical time-stretch quantitative interferometry (OTS-QI) system records surface morphology during laser polishing with nanosecond-level temporal resolution. The system achieves remarkable measurement speeds exceeding 100 million times per second while preserving accuracy comparable to existing white light interferometers.
Researchers developed OTS-QI technology to record surface morphology during laser polishing with nanosecond-level temporal resolution. The system achieves high spatial and temporal resolution while measuring surface roughness evolution in real-time.