Articles tagged with Ocean Surface Temperature
Researchers at the University of Göttingen discovered an unknown group of marine eustigmatophyte algae that produces distinctive lipids, allowing for the reconstruction of summer sea surface temperatures. The Long chain Diol Index provides a novel climate proxy based on these lipids.
A recent analysis reveals a unprecedented increase in Atlantic tropical cyclones and a decrease in Western North Pacific storms, with greenhouse gas-induced global warming potentially playing a role. The study suggests that climate models need to be evaluated to predict future changes in tropical cyclone numbers between the two basins.
The study highlights a significant difference in warm sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies between the 1997/98 and 2015/16 extreme El Niño seasons. During the 2015/16 event, SST anomalies were modest compared to the 1997/98 event, which saw twice the magnitude of anomalies.
The world's ocean is losing its year-to-year memory due to global warming, making it harder to predict ocean conditions. This decline in ocean memory will have significant impacts on fisheries management, population estimates, and land-based weather forecasts.
Researchers discovered zones of bubbling methane flux in Laptev and East Siberian Seas, contributing to climate warming in the Arctic. The study suggests that thawing permafrost and warming waters are releasing methane from hydrates into the atmosphere.
Researchers found that global warming is accelerating the water cycle, leading to increased storm intensity and ice melting at the poles. Satellite data revealed a significant increase in surface salinity, indicating a stronger interaction between the atmosphere and ocean.
A new study by UBC researchers found that climate change is altering the species served on Vancouver restaurant menus, with warmer waters favoring Humboldt squid and sardines. This shift may lead to reduced availability of sockeye salmon, making way for other fish species.
Researchers revised their understanding of the relationship between Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and freshwater from melting polar ice. A new model simulation suggests that AMOC is less sensitive to freshwater forcing than previously thought, contradicting long-held assumptions.
Researchers at Hokkaido University found that cooler summer temperatures across Greenland are triggered by changes in the El Niño climate pattern in the Pacific Ocean. This discovery will help improve future predictions of Arctic ice sheet and sea ice melting.
Researchers found that ocean reanalysis data sets exhibit differing evolutions during El Niño events, particularly as they develop and decay. The disparity among datasets grows with the event's peak phase and lingers even after neutralization.
A new study found that marine cold spells are becoming less intense and frequent due to ocean warming. This shift could reduce the impact of mass die-off events but also diminishs refuges from heat waves, threatening ecosystem resilience.
A recent study reveals that tropical terrestrial methane emissions account for over 80% of the observed changes in global atmospheric methane growth rate between 2010 and 2019. This finding underscores the significant impact of methane on climate change, with methane concentrations more than doubling since the pre-industrial era.
A new analysis reveals Caribbean coral reefs have warmed by 0.5 to 1°C in the past century, with projected further warming of 1.5°C by 2100. Marine heatwaves are also increasing in frequency and length, posing a significant threat to these ecosystems.
A new study predicts that El Niño events will increase in frequency by 2040, regardless of efforts to reduce carbon emissions. The researchers used state-of-the-art climate models to examine the potential impacts of different emissions scenarios on global weather fluctuations.
Researchers found that Indian Summer Monsoon rainfall was less intense during the Last Interglacial period than in the current warm period, contradicting paleoclimate model simulations. The study suggests that sea surface temperature plays a dominant role in shaping monsoon variability in South Asia.
A study by University of Zurich researchers reveals Arctic warming causes temperature anomalies and cold damage thousands of kilometers away in East Asia, leading to reduced vegetation growth and smaller harvests. The warmer Arctic winters also trigger extreme winter weather events in the region.
A study led by Monterey Bay Aquarium reveals more than half of the ocean surface has experienced extreme heat since 2014, posing a threat to marine ecosystems. The research found that these heat extremes increase the risk of collapse for crucial ecosystems like coral reefs and kelp forests.
Researchers identify significant gaps in knowledge about climate impacts on tropical cyclones, including the dynamics of storm formation and track changes. To address these limitations, they recommend extending historical datasets and improving understanding of natural variability to inform adaptive strategies.
A 25-30 percent increase in winter rainfall over the eastern Arabian Peninsula was found since 1981, with a decrease of about 10-20 percent in the south and northeast. This shift is linked to an El Niño pattern in the tropical Pacific Ocean.
The upper ocean has reached record-breaking temperatures for the sixth consecutive year, with the latest data showing a significant increase in heat content. This warming trend is primarily driven by human-induced climate change, which affects ocean acidification and marine life.
A new study by the University of Exeter reveals two previously unknown Vibrio species in UK waters, which can cause gastroenteritis and skin infections in humans. The increasing range of these bacteria also threatens marine biodiversity and the seafood industry, with potential economic costs estimated at £6 billion annually.
Scientists have discovered a way to extract monthly and weekly ocean temperature records from the shells of tiny surf clams, revealing clues to Earth's past climate. The study uses a species of short-lived clam that has not been used before, allowing researchers to reconstruct sea surface temperatures and past climates with precision.
A new study suggests that the tectonic opening of Southern Ocean seaways led to a sudden cooling event 34 million years ago, contributing to the formation of Antarctic ice sheets. High-resolution simulations showed that this event caused a dramatic drop in coastal temperatures and initiated the Earth's transition into an Icehouse world.
Researchers at KAUST develop adaptive framework to increase coral resilience, combining tools like selective sexual propagation, coral probiotics, and environmental hardening. They also investigate the potential of genetic adaptations and beneficial microorganisms to enhance coral's stress resilience.
A 1.5°C temperature increase affects algae and animal species living on UK coastlines, with significant changes in species abundance and breeding patterns. The study highlights the importance of considering local temperature variations when predicting climate change impacts.
Volcanic eruptions impact monsoon rainfall differently globally, dominated by pre-eruption ENSO phases according to a study. Regional responses are varied and can be explained by the underlying mechanism of SST anomalies triggered by volcanic eruptions.
Coral reefs will experience substantial declines in productivity and survival due to rising sea temperatures and ocean acidification, with some attributes responding similarly to heat stress with or without acidification
A new study suggests that climate change is displacing cold-water communities of algae with warm-adapted ones, threatening to destabilize the delicate marine food web. The research found a clear boundary between these communities at moderate water temperatures, highlighting the vulnerability of polar ecosystems.
A new study using Argo system ocean temperature data refines climate modeling predictions by identifying models most consistent with observations. The analysis shows that land and air temperatures only tell part of the story, with oceans storing 90% of the planet's heat.
A study published in Scientific Reports suggests that between 10.3% and 82% of the global ocean may experience new climates with higher temperatures and lower aragonite saturation by 2100. The disappearance of these climates could force marine species to adapt rapidly or disappear.
Researchers from the Institute of Atmospheric Physics found that tropical Pacific decadal variability and Atlantic multidecadal variability drive Central Asian precipitation changes. Warmer SSTs in these regions favor wetter conditions, especially in southern and northern parts of Central Asia.
Researchers from the University of Washington and NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory gather data on cold air pools using Saildrones, which alter surface temperature, wind, and moisture over the ocean. The study provides detailed measurements of these events, shedding light on their role in tropical climate cycles.
Researchers develop underwater plasmas using high-voltage pulses, creating extreme conditions with pressures and temperatures similar to the Pacific Ocean's deepest point. The ignition process challenges conventional theories and demonstrates the potential for re-oxidising catalytic surfaces in electrochemical cells.
Correcting historic sea surface temperatures improves hurricane model accuracy, aligning with observed hurricane frequency variations. This approach provides a more confident basis for predicting the impact of climate change on future hurricane frequency.
A study analyzing climate simulations reveals that small differences in aerosol forcing can significantly affect simulated temperatures and Arctic sea ice area. The results show that natural and anthropogenic forcing uncertainties can markedly impact simulations of Earth's past and future climate.
Research from University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Yale University suggests that temperature explains why tropical waters have a higher biodiversity. However, global warming could reduce this diversity as temperatures rise, potentially leading to extinctions.
Planktonic foraminifera retained a stable temperature preference over 700,000 years of glacial-interglacial climate fluctuations. The species' inability to adapt suggests they may be vulnerable to extinction if habitats shift suddenly.
A team of scientists found that ENSO-related climate variability is expected to increase under global warming due to the amplification of tropical lower tropospheric humidity. This intensification in ENSO-driven atmospheric variability suggests a higher risk of extreme weather events.
Researchers found a significant positive correlation between December sea surface temperature in the Indian Ocean and haze days in January over the Yangtze River Delta region. The study reveals that favorable local meteorological conditions, including increased air temperature and southerly winds, facilitate haze formation.
Thick sea-ice outside fjords increases their sensitivity to warming, contrary to expectations. Warmer surface water temperatures can contribute to faster melting of glaciers and changing biogeochemistry in the fjord waters.
On calm days, sunlight warms the ocean surface in tropical oceans, driving atmospheric turbulence and affecting weather patterns. Researchers from Oregon State University used Doppler lidar technology to collect unprecedented measurements of turbulence over the ocean, revealing that such events occur during about 5% of days.
Researchers have developed equations to estimate the time an object has spent drifting at sea and plot possible drift paths of a missing boat. By analyzing the growth rate of Lepas anserifera attached to the object, scientists can narrow down the search area and find missing persons more efficiently.
Researchers found that sea spray aerosol (SSA) concentrations tend to rise with increasing sea surface temperature (SST), offering a more accurate prediction method. This discovery could lead to improved climate modeling by incorporating SSA's dependence on SST.
Researchers used non-invasive microscopy to study coral-algal symbiosis, tracking changes in algal concentrations and biomolecules under varying environmental conditions. Shallow water corals produce more algae to compensate for reduced sunlight, while deeper waters rely on algal partners for photosynthesis.
Hurricane maximum wind speeds in the subtropical Atlantic around Bermuda have more than doubled over the last 60 years due to rising ocean temperatures. This increase in energy extraction from warm oceans leads to more intense hurricanes, posing a significant threat to Bermuda.
A newly merged global surface temperature dataset, including reconstructed land and marine measurements, reveals a consistent increased warming trend compared to previous estimations. The study provides evidence that the globe has warmed at a significantly faster rate than previously thought, with improved coverage of the Earth's surface.
A team of scientists used ancient marine fossils and gravitational wave astronomy to develop a more accurate palaeo-thermometer for predicting climate change. The improved thermometer uses machine-learning tools to extract temperature from GDGT concentrations with an accuracy of just 3.6 degrees, nearly twice that of previous models.
Researchers identified the movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone as a key factor limiting predictability of Atlantic Niño. The ITCZ's seasonal migration affects sea surface temperature interaction with atmosphere, hindering large climate changes.
A new study reveals that human-induced climate changes have increased the occurrence probability of record-high SSTs in the northwestern Pacific Ocean from once-in-1000 years to once-in-15 years. The warming trend, accelerated since the 1980s, may intensify tropical cyclones and cause severe damages to East Asian countries.
Researchers found that unusual warm Pacific seawater and sustained high air pressure over the Bering Sea led to delayed sea ice formation in the Pacific Arctic region. This study improves Arctic sea ice forecast and benefits global weather forecasting and local ecosystem health.
A new study finds that atmospheric rivers in the Southern Hemisphere are shifting toward the South Pole, which could lead to increased rates of ice melt in Antarctica. The shift is driven by a combination of factors, including ozone depletion, greenhouse gas emissions, and natural variations in sea surface temperature.
Researchers from Arizona State University used satellite and field studies to identify key factors affecting coral outplant survival. They found that low POC levels, stable PAR, minimal temperature anomalies, and increased water depth are crucial for maximizing restoration success.
Researchers found a seesaw pattern between Indian and western North Pacific summer monsoons, influenced by the tropical Atlantic Ocean's sea surface temperature. The study reveals increasing influences from the tropical Atlantic SST may lead to changes in monsoon variability.
New research extends Florida's hurricane record thousands of years back in time, hinting at a surprise finding. The study found that the state's Gulf Coast is hit by more intense hurricanes than its East Coast, with ancient tempest deposits suggesting this pattern may extend thousands of years back.
A recent study using long-term ocean data from the North Atlantic Ocean reveals a decadal variability and recent acceleration of surface warming, salinification, deoxygenation, and ocean acidification. The data shows a significant increase in surface temperatures, salinity, and carbon dioxide levels, leading to an acidification trend.
A severe drought in East China from August to October 2019 was exacerbated by warm central equatorial Pacific sea surface temperatures and global warming. The study suggests that while natural climate variability played a role, human-induced climate change amplified the droughts likelihood.
Climate scientists extend Atlantic sea-surface temperature record to 2900 years, finding the past decade as the warmest interval. The study uses ancient lake sediments to reconstruct temperatures and atmospheric pressure over time.
Researchers reconstruct Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) with annual resolution using titanium levels in lake sediment cores. The record indicates the warmest interval occurred within the past decade.
A Texas A&M University study reveals that marine heatwaves can strengthen hurricanes by combining with extreme weather events. The research found that Hurricane Michael became a Category 5 storm due to the compounding effects of Tropical Storm Gordon and an atmospheric heatwave in the Gulf of Mexico.
Researchers reconstructed Oligocene sea surface temperatures and found a warm global climate despite low atmospheric CO2 levels. The findings challenge existing understanding of greenhouse climates in the past and shed light on Earth's surface temperature evolution.