Articles tagged with Ocean Surface Temperature
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Researchers have developed a framework to reconcile discrepancies in ancient sea surface temperature estimates and climate model results. By accounting for location-biased paleoclimate data, scientists can better reconstruct global climate conditions in the past and improve predictions of future climate scenarios.
Marine heatwaves are displacing habitats for marine life by thousands of kilometers, a phenomenon known as thermal displacement. This metric measures the degree of change species may be responding to, highlighting potential ecosystem changes and management questions.
Researchers from GEOMAR found that short wind turns with strong cooling effect can explain the lower sea surface temperatures in tropical North Atlantic during summer months. Inertial waves, caused by brief variations in near-surface winds, trigger mixing between warm and cold waters.
The study assesses the simulation performance for global precipitation and summer hemispheric precipitation using CMIP6 datasets. The GMMIP simulation significantly exceeds the historical experiment, especially in terms of fidelity to different timescales.
A study by GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel predicts North Atlantic surface temperature variations several years into the future using wind field analysis. The researchers suggest a mechanism where winds cause changes in ocean circulation, resulting in anomalous heat accumulation and warming of the eastern North Atlantic.
Tropical Depression 7E formed in the Eastern Pacific Ocean near Mexico's Baja California Peninsula and is expected to track over cool waters, weakening it. NASA's Terra satellite detected strong storms with cold cloud top temperatures, indicating potential for heavy rainfall.
Tropical Depression 6E has several small areas of strong storms with cold cloud top temperatures, indicating potential for heavy rainfall. The depression is expected to dissipate due to colder sea surface temperatures and lack of intensity requirements.
Researchers from Arizona State University found that coral outplant survival drops below 50% if sea surface temperatures exceed 30.5 degrees Celsius, highlighting the importance of considering temperature conditions in reef restoration efforts.
Researchers used El Niño and Pacific Decadal Oscillation to predict coral bleaching and crown-of-thorns starfish events up to 5 months in advance, providing more time for proactive reef management. This tool may help islands become better equipped to handle these forces.
A 50-year drying period in north central India reversed after 1999. Natural variability, including the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), contributed to changes in rainfall. The study supports robust handling of IPO in climate models for accurate projections.
Researchers discovered that sea-ice changes are the most probable cause for the cooling of surface waters in the Southern Ocean. Simulations show that stronger winds propelled sea ice into the open ocean, enhancing freshwater transport and creating a stratified seawater layer with reduced heat exchange.
Researchers found a strong correlation between air temperature and Terra Nova Bay polynya area, with lower temperatures showing stronger effects. The study provides new insights into the complex interactions between atmospheric conditions and Antarctic ice cover.
The Great Barrier Reef has suffered its third coral bleaching event in just five years, with the most recent event being the worst. Severe bleaching has struck all three regions of the reef, causing widespread damage to coral habitats.
A study reveals a half-orbital precession cycle in thermocline temperature linked to El Niño-Southern Oscillation fluctuations. The thermocline is identified as a key driver of climate change on orbital timescales.
A study reveals that Mediterranean-like climates are experiencing variable responses to climate warming, with some regions drying faster than global-mean warming. The differences result from distinct regional changes in atmospheric circulation driven by separate fast and slow sea-surface temperature responses to greenhouse gases.
Researchers from Dartmouth College used an acid-loving microbe to improve the accuracy of past climate records by studying its response to food and energy availability. The findings suggest that factors other than temperature can influence the membranes of single-celled archaea, adding complexity to paleoclimate studies.
Researchers analyzed fossil foraminifers from marine sediment to understand past ocean temperatures during the MIS19 period. The study found extreme changes in water temperature equivalent to 7°C repeated every few thousand years, offering insights into future climate predictions.
A study revealed a North Atlantic-Middle East teleconnection that influences Middle East summer temperatures, with ocean-atmosphere interactions driving the variability. The connection involves AMV, a low-frequency fluctuation of basin-wide anomalously warm and cold phases.
According to NASA and NOAA analyses, Earth's global surface temperatures in 2019 were the second warmest since modern recordkeeping began in 1880. The past five years have been the warmest of the last 140 years. Rising temperatures are contributing to mass loss from Greenland and Antarctica and increases in extreme events.
Researchers found that temperatures exceeding present levels longer than during past interglacials suggest the Greenland Ice Sheet's fate is influenced by duration of warming. The study suggests a possible threshold for significant GIS retreat may be less than 1 °C above current levels.
Coral reefs in the Gulf of Mexico face extinction due to rising temperatures, acidification, and increased storm intensity. The region's reefs are expected to disappear by the end of this century if no action is taken to mitigate climate change.
Tropical Cyclone 06A, formerly Tropical Depression 06A, has consolidated and strengthened despite harsh environmental conditions. The storm is expected to make landfall in east central Somalia on Dec. 6 as a tropical storm.
Tropical Storm Kammuri is consolidating and strengthening, with maximum sustained winds reaching 45 mph. The storm will move west-northwest, potentially intensifying into a typhoon by Thursday. NASA's JPSS-1 satellite provides critical forecast data.
An international team of scientists analyzed 3 million species records from 200 ecological communities worldwide to reveal the impact of ocean warming on fish communities. The study found that subtle changes in species movement in response to rising temperatures made a significant impact on the global picture.
Tropical Storm Halong weakened and transitioned into an extra-tropical cyclone as tracked by NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite on November 8. The storm had maximum sustained winds of 60 knots and was moving east-northeast at 24 knots.
Researchers report a shift in El Niño onset from the eastern Pacific to the western Pacific, leading to more frequent and intense extreme events. Climate models predict further intensification under anthropogenic climate change.
The Antarctic ozone hole's decline has indirectly helped increase sea ice due to altered atmospheric and oceanic circulations. Ozone-induced changes impact sea surface temperatures and dynamics of sea ice.
New research by University of Sheffield scientists reveals a direct link between surface melting and short bursts of glacier acceleration in Antarctica, with some glaciers moving up to 400m per year. As temperatures continue to rise, this phenomenon is expected to become more common, affecting sea level rise predictions.
Wind shear is detected in the remnants of Tropical Storm Gabrielle by NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite, pushing its strongest storms northeast and indicating potential for heavy rainfall. The storm's southern quadrant is largely cloud-free due to southwesterly wind shear.
Research at Hokkaido University reveals that deeper Arctic snow cover can trigger wave train-like temperature distributions in Eurasia. This phenomenon causes surrounding regions to experience high temperatures due to altered westerly wind patterns.
Supertyphoon Lekima rapidly intensifies as it tracks north-northwest over the Pacific, with winds exceeding 130 knots and a strong eye. The storm is expected to reach Eastern China near Taizhou within 48 hours, potentially weakening by 72 hours after crossing Shanghai.
Typhoon Krosa is quasi-stationary and intensifying due to favorable conditions like low wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures. The storm will continue to track northeastward before weakening over the next five days, maintaining typhoon strength.
Tropical Storm Flossie is expected to cross into the Central Pacific basin later today, carrying maximum sustained winds of near 70 mph and a minimum central pressure of 993 millibars. Gradual weakening is anticipated over the weekend, with further decline in forward speed expected through early next week.
A new study uses ancient plankton fossils to infer temperature data from the Pliocene era, a geological epoch with CO2 levels similar to today's. The findings resolve discrepancies between climate models and other proxy temperature measurements, showing that the Pliocene is a good analog for future climate predictions.
A study published in Science Advances suggests that climate change is increasing the risk of future megadroughts in the American Southwest. The researchers found that ocean temperature conditions, high radiative forcing, and severe La Niña events contributed to the medieval megadroughts.
Researchers from Harvard University and the UK's National Oceanography Centre corrected historic sea surface temperature measurements, identifying two new key causes of warming discrepancies in the North Pacific and North Atlantic. The study suggests that changes in Japanese records, particularly truncation of data, contributed to the ...
A new study reveals that carbon budgets for limiting warming to 1.5°C are more uncertain than thought, with underestimated Earth system feedbacks such as permafrost thawing potentially reducing remaining budgets by 100 GtCO2. The research highlights the importance of considering these factors in climate policy-making.
Researchers linked East Asia's extreme heat in spring 2018 to North Atlantic SST anomalies. The study found a link between tripole mode of North Atlantic SST anomalies and anomalous Rossby wave trains over the North Atlantic and Eurasia.
Researchers discovered that an anomalous anticyclone and cyclonic anomaly over the western North Pacific facilitated extreme heat via subsidence anomalies. Cooling over the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean also contributed to this phenomenon.
Researchers used high-resolution microscopic techniques to fine-tune climate records, revealing a correction factor for coral-based sea-surface temperature measurements. The study improves the accuracy of global climate predictions.
Researchers developed an algorithm using over 30 years of satellite data to isolate extreme warming events leading to documented coral bleaching in the Red Sea. The findings suggest that coral bleaching may have been greatly underestimated and indicate a emerging pattern of extreme warming events in the northern region.
Tropical Cyclone Vayu is still lingering near the northwestern coast of India, with its cloud-filled eye offshore. The storm is weakening due to dry air feeding into it, but low vertical wind shear and warm waters are keeping it together.
Researchers at NIST have developed a portable, stable standards-quality radiation thermometer capable of measuring temperatures to a precision of within a few thousandths of a degree Celsius. The instrument is suitable for applications such as clinical medicine, satellite measurement, and food processing.
Researchers from Hokkaido University used underwater pressure sensors to measure the volume of icebergs breaking off from a glacier, finding a positive correlation with wave amplitude. The study also revealed that submarine melting caused most of the mass loss at the glacier front.
Tropical Cyclone Fani is strengthening due to favorable conditions of warm sea surface temperatures and low wind shear. The storm's organization improved, with a tight circular area of powerful thunderstorms around its center of circulation.
A NASA study has verified recent global warming figures, showing high consistency between satellite-based AIRS data and station-based GISTEMP analysis over the past 15 years. The findings also suggest that surface-based data may be underestimating temperature changes in the Arctic, indicating faster warming at the poles.
Tropical Cyclone Joaninha maintains its eye due to low wind shear and warm sea surface temperatures. The cyclone is expected to weaken as it moves into an unfavorable area with increasing westerly vertical wind shear.
A scientific collaboration found that a high-pressure system in the atmosphere directly caused the extreme heat, while increased sea surface temperatures contributed about 50% to the 2017 heat. The researchers also identified the western tropical Pacific as a key factor influencing regional temperatures.
Marine biodiversity experienced two bursts of accumulation during the Cambrian Explosion and Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. The latter coincided with falling equatorial sea-surface temperatures, suggesting a narrow temperature window was required for marine life.
Nir Krakauer's research enables forecasts of South Asia summer monsoon precipitation up to a year in advance, improving predictability for agriculture, industry, and hydropower.
Researchers used a high-resolution model to study mesoscale air-sea interaction, revealing its significant impact on oceanic circulation, atmospheric processes, and cloud formation. The study highlights the importance of resolving oceanic mesoscale eddies and fronts in global coupled models.
A recent study led by UNIST researchers suggests that local greenhouse gas concentrations, rather than global processes, are driving the amplified warming in the Arctic. The findings indicate that regional factors such as carbon dioxide forcing and polar feedbacks play a more significant role than previously thought.
New research reveals ocean heat content is accelerating, with 2018 likely the hottest year on record. The warming contributes to sea level rise, increased rainfall intensity, and stronger storms.
A new study has found evidence of a centuries-long cold snap in the deep Pacific, with ongoing cooling indicating the ocean is still adjusting to surface cooling during the Little Ice Age. The research suggests that the heat loss in the deep Pacific since 1750 offsets nearly a quarter of global heat gain in the upper ocean.
NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captured Tropical Depression 33W moving through central Philippines and entering the Sulu Sea. The storm is expected to strengthen as it crosses the South China Sea and heads toward Vietnam.
A new study reveals that Arctic amplification is primarily driven by local carbon dioxide forcing and polar feedbacks, outweighing other processes. This finding highlights the importance of understanding Arctic processes in controlling sea-ice retreat and ecosystem sensitivity to global warming.
Researchers at the University of Delaware have found a previously unknown pathway for heat to travel from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean, bypassing the Indonesian Throughflow. This discovery has significant implications for climate change research and could inform scientists about global warming.
A new study reveals that global warming continued unabated since the Industrial Revolution, with a constant rate of change after World War II. The hiatus, often attributed to internal variability and external forcing, is actually a decadal balance between global warming and cooling from anomalous sea surface temperatures in the equator...
A new study analyzing one million years of precipitation history has found that the South Asian Monsoon is more complex than previously thought. The research team discovered that warming in the southern hemisphere and moisture transport across the equator play a crucial role in the monsoon's wind and precipitation patterns.
Scientists have reconstructed the monsoon's precipitation history over the past 1 million years using sediment cores from the eastern Indian Ocean. The results show that the monsoon was weaker during peak ice ages and strongest during interglacial warm periods, with fluctuations in the Earth's axis inclination playing a subordinate role.