Articles tagged with Optical Materials
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The study found that an 80% concentration of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and specific solvents leads to the highest pattern transfer efficiency. The conversion efficiency reaches impressive levels in the ultraviolet spectrum, paving the way for commercial viability of metasurfaces.
Researchers at Columbia Engineering have developed a technique to modify 2D materials using lasers, creating tiny nanopatterns that can capture quasiparticles called phonon-polaritons. This method uses commercially available tabletop lasers and doesn't require an expensive cleanroom or etching equipment.
Researchers found that tiny displacements of picoscale atoms can significantly impact optical properties, leading to potential applications in imaging and remote sensing. By controlling the degree of atomic disorder, they aim to develop crystals with advanced infrared imaging capabilities.
Researchers have discovered a promising approach to engineer semiconductors by tweaking isotopes, which can influence optical and electronic properties. The study demonstrates that small changes in isotope masses can shift the optical bandgap, enabling tunability for designing new devices.
Scientists at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have developed a compact, single-shot polarization imaging system that can provide a complete picture of polarization. The system uses two thin metasurfaces to capture the most complete polarization response of an object in real-time.
Researchers have demonstrated a novel approach to actively manipulate light using ferroionic 2D materials. These devices exhibit exceptional modulation efficiency and low optical losses, enabling applications in telecommunications, neuromorphic computing, and beyond.
A team of researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi's Photonics Research Lab has developed a novel, two-dimensional material capable of precise light modulation. The innovation offers precise control over the refractive index while minimizing optical losses, enhancing modulation efficiency and reducing footprint.
A new defect-ordered layered halide perovskite was discovered, shedding light on how order can emerge through defects in hybrid organic–inorganic compounds. The compound's optical bandgap increased with the concentration of ordered defects in the lattice, presenting a new strategy for tuning perovskite properties.
Researchers developed a technology to detect infectious disease viruses in real-time using a single nano-spectroscopic sensor. The system uses molecular fingerprinting and can detect specific substances with tailored detection, enabling rapid and precise analysis.
Researchers pioneer technique to control polaritons, unlocking potential for next-generation materials and surpassing performance limitations of optical displays. The breakthrough enables stable generation of polariton particles with enhanced brightness and color control.
Researchers developed a compact swept-source Raman spectroscopy system for identifying both chemical and biological materials. The portable system addresses limitations of bulky dispersive Raman spectrometers, providing accurate results comparable to conventional systems.
Researchers introduce new method to store data for generations using atomic-scale defects, exceeding current storage limits and energy consumption. The approach features 4D encoding schemes and can be applied to other materials with optically active defects.
Researchers have discovered a new type of pyrochlore-type oxyfluoride with high ionic conductivity and air stability, suitable for electric vehicles, airplanes, and miniaturization applications. The material exhibits low activation energy and operates within a wide temperature range.
Researchers have developed two innovative methods for mass-producing metalenses, reducing production costs by up to 1,000 times. The team achieved successful creation of large-scale infrared metalenses with high resolution and exceptional light-collecting capabilities.
Scientists at Tohoku University create a tiny spot in glass using a tailored laser beam, enabling precise processing at scales below 100 nanometers. The breakthrough opens up new possibilities for laser nano-processing in various industries and scientific fields.
A Simon Fraser University professor has led a team in developing a comprehensive roadmap for next-generation printable sensor technologies. These technologies could enable everyday objects and environments to acquire sensing capabilities, paving the way for advancements in sustainability and quality of life.
This article discusses ultrafast plasmonic materials for all-optical switching and pulsed lasers, highlighting their potential in photonics applications. Researchers have explored various ultrafast plasmonic systems, including metasurfaces made of noble metals and phase-change hybrid materials.
The researchers achieved 20-level intermediate states of phase change materials using a micron-scale laser writing system. This allows for the demonstration of ultra-high flexibility in phase modulation and potential applications in neuromorphic photonics, optical computing, and reconfigurable metasurfaces.
Researchers have created a method to make fully recyclable polymers from plant cellulose, which can replace some plastics and reduce plastic pollution. The new polymers have various structures that offer different applications, including high-performance materials for optical, electronic, and biomedical uses.
Scientists create a multispectral platform using tunable optical cavities with vanadium dioxide, enabling fast response speed and reversible manipulation. The platform achieves broadband color-changing capacity in the visible region and drastic amplitude tunability in infrared to microwave regions.
Researchers at Singapore University of Technology and Design have discovered how to produce sustainable colors using beetles that live in the dark. By understanding how these beetles' exoskeletons reflect light, scientists can create environmentally friendly materials for various industries. This breakthrough has significant implicatio...
Researchers at Tohoku University have created a tuneable terahertz wave filter that can achieve higher transmission rates and better signal quality than conventional systems. The new filter uses Fabry-Perot interferometry to control the filtering effect, enabling selective transmission of desired frequencies.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have devised a technique for mass-producing large-area metalenses tailored for use in the ultraviolet region. The breakthrough enables control over optical properties of UV rays, sparking interest in potential advancements for medical devices and wearable technology.
Researchers used density functional theory to identify possible europium compounds as a new quantum memory platform. They synthesized one of the predicted compounds, Cs2NaEuF6, which is an air-stable material that could be used in scalable quantum computing.
Researchers have created tiny wireless light sources that could enable minimally invasive treatments for diseases. The devices combine organic light-emitting diodes with acoustic antennas to provide a compact, frequency-tuned power source for biomedical applications.
Researchers at UNIST have developed a method to measure nanometer-sized samples within a transmission electron microscope, utilizing nano-thermometers based on cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. The technique offers improved accuracy and spatial resolution compared to conventional methods.
Researchers at XPANCEO and Nobel laureate Konstantin S. Novoselov unveil new properties of rhenium diselenide and rhenium disulfide, enabling novel light-matter interaction. This breakthrough has huge potential for integrated photonics, healthcare and AR applications.
Researchers have developed a new way to control and manipulate optical signals by embedding a liquid crystal layer into waveguides created with direct laser writing. The new devices enable electro-optical control of polarization, which could open new possibilities for chip-based devices and complex photonic circuits.
Scientists have identified spontaneous curvature as the factor determining how ultra-thin materials transform into useful tubes, twists, and helices. This process mimics nature's design and could lead to breakthroughs in creating chiral materials with exceptional properties.
Researchers at Kyoto University have determined the magnitude of spin-orbit interaction in acceptor-bound excitons in a semiconductor. The study revealed two triplets separated by a spin-orbit splitting of 14.3 meV, supporting the hypothesis that two positively charged holes are more strongly bound than an electron-and-hole pair.
Researchers at RIKEN CSRS have created a self-healing material that can emit high levels of fluorescence when absorbing light, leading to improved durability for organic solar cells. The material's unique structure allows it to self-repair without external stimuli or energy, making it suitable for various environments.
Researchers have developed a novel 'nano active control platform' to control excitons and trions, providing valuable insights into the optical properties of two-dimensional semiconductors. The breakthrough discovery enables real-time analysis of nano-light properties with exceptional spatial resolution.
Researchers have developed a method called mask wafer co-optimization (MWCO) that allows for the creation of curved shapes using variable-shaped beam mask writers. This technique reduces wafer variation by 3x and improves the process window by 2x compared to existing methods.
Scientists at the University of Illinois and Michigan created a template that minimizes heat transfer, resulting in highly organized microstructures. The result is eutectic materials with predictable and consistent properties, crucial for applications requiring uniformity.
Scientists have successfully discovered the mechanism of trion generation using a tip-enhanced cavity-spectroscopy system. This approach enables nanoscale control and investigation of trion emission properties.
Researchers at Ritsumeikan University enhance solid-state phosphorescence in organoplatinum(II) complexes by 75 times through anion binding and ion-pairing with countercations. The strategy isolates π-electronic molecules, improving luminescent properties and extending emission lifetime.
GIST researchers develop tunable optical properties in nanostructures, enabling applications in wound healing, drug delivery, and secure verification. A clock-inspired design featuring magnesium nano-rotamers demonstrates programmable polarization-resolved coloration.
Researchers have developed a new III-V semiconductor nanocavity that confines light at levels below the diffraction limit, enabling fast data transmission and reduced energy consumption. The achievement demonstrates deep sub-wavelength confinement of light in a topology-optimized InP nanocavity.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have discovered a magnetoelectric antiferromagnet LiNiPO4 that exhibits large nonreciprocal absorption of light. The material's unique property allows for the switchable optical diode effect, potentially enabling more compact and efficient optical isolators.
Researchers use water as a nonlinear medium to create a supercontinuum white laser covering an impressive spectral range from UV to far infrared. The resulting ultrabroadband source has potential in ultrafast spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, and scientific research.
A new quantum optics technique has been introduced to explore light-matter interactions in semiconductors. The technique, called photon-cascade correlation spectroscopy, uses spectral filtering and photon-correlation analysis to reveal interactions between semiconductor exciton-polaritons.
The report highlights key applications and pathways to commercialization for emerging PV technologies, including new materials and device concepts. It also discusses strategies to exceed current limits in solar PV energy conversion and challenges facing efforts to scale up globally.
Researchers at Columbia University paired laser light with crystal lattice vibrations to boost the nonlinear optical properties of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), a stable 2D material. The team achieved over a 30-fold increase in third-harmonic generation, generating new frequencies and efficiently producing optical signals.
Energy beam-based direct and assisted polishing technologies for diamonds improve surface quality and material removal rates, overcoming limitations of traditional methods. Researchers analyzed four latest polishing techniques, including laser polishing, ion beam polishing, plasma-assisted polishing, and laser-assisted polishing.
A team of researchers at Tohoku University has developed a novel visualization method to study the behavior of hydrogen atoms in alloys. They successfully filmed the flow of hydrogen atoms in pure nickel, revealing that they preferentially diffuse through grain boundaries with large geometric spaces.
Researchers discovered that chiral phonons, which exhibit circular motion, interact differently than linear phonons and have a larger magnetic moment in topological materials. This finding enhances thermal conductivity and opens new possibilities for advanced devices and applications.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new method for creating transparent magnetic materials using laser heating, addressing the challenge of integrating magneto-optical materials with optical devices. The breakthrough enables the creation of compact magneto-optical isolators and miniaturized lasers.
A new technique for photon detection has been developed by UCF researcher Debashis Chanda, offering ultra-sensitive detection at room temperature. The method uses a phase-change material to modulate the frequency of an oscillating circuit, paving the way for low-cost, high-efficiency uncooled infrared detectors and imaging systems.
Researchers from MIT have developed a new method to integrate fragile 2D materials into devices, opening the path to next-generation devices with unique optical and electronic properties. The technique relies on engineering surface forces available at the nanoscale, allowing for pristine interfaces.
Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf have developed tiny electromagnets made of ultra-thin carbon, graphene, using terahertz pulses. The graphene discs briefly turned into strong magnets, with magnetic fields in the range of 0.5 Tesla, and showed promise for developing future magnetic switches and storage devices.
Researchers developed an all-inorganic nano-heterostructure luminant with enhanced sensitivity, stability, and efficiency, paving the way for multifunctional optical control devices. The 0D/2D configuration enables polarized blue fluorescence and multifunctional capabilities.
Researchers at NC State University developed an autonomous system called SmartDope to synthesize 'best-in-class' materials for specific applications in hours or days. It uses a self-driving lab to manipulate variables, characterize optical properties, and update its understanding of the synthesis chemistry through machine learning.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a way to transform a rare-earth crystal into a magnet by using chirality in phonons. Chirality, or the twisting of atoms' motion, breaks time-reversal symmetry and aligns electron spins, creating a magnetic effect.
Researchers have developed high-performance ultrafast lasers on nanophotonic chips, enabling compact devices for GPS-free precision navigation, medical imaging, food safety inspection and other applications. The new technology has the potential to enable futuristic chip-scale atomic clocks, biological imaging and more.
Researchers at Purdue University propose using vanadium oxides to create neuromorphic computing hardware that mimics brain behavior. This breakthrough aims to improve energy efficiency and computational performance in AI systems.
Researchers at CUNY Graduate Center design stadium-shaped cavity to study and control light's complex behavior. By adjusting light intensity and delay, they demonstrate coherent control using reflectionless scattering modes, paving the way for better energy storage, computing, and signal processing.
Scientists at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln have developed a system that can adjust the size, shape, and refractive index of microscopic lenses in real-time. The design uses hydrogels and polydimethylsiloxane to create a dynamic platform for soft robotics and liquid optics applications.
Researchers developed a novel photonic processor with adaptive neural connectivity, allowing for the creation of complex artificial neural networks. The system utilizes waveguide-coupled phase-change material to create almost 8,400 optical neurons that can adapt their connections through synaptic and structural plasticity.
Researchers developed an accelerating wave equation to solve daily phenomena, revealing a well-defined direction of time. The framework also predicts energy conservation in certain situations, including exotic materials.
Researchers have discovered a rare electronic state in five-layer graphene, exhibiting both unconventional magnetism and ferro-valleytricity. This multiferroic state could enable ultra-low-power, high-capacity data storage devices for classical and quantum computers.