Statement by US Secretary of Energy on the Higgs Particle
The US Department of Energy supports the search for the Higgs particle through the Large Hadron Collider. Thousands of American scientists and graduate students contributed to this research.
Particle Accelerators
Articles tagged with Particle Accelerators
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DOE supports fiber-optic data link critical to search for the Higgs 'God' particle
Southern Methodist University (SMU) physicists have designed a key component of the world's largest physics experiment at CERN. The new high-speed fiber-optic data link, supported by the US Department of Energy, will be 75 times faster than the current link, enabling scientists to analyze vast amounts of data more efficiently.
Tevatron scientists announce their final results on the Higgs particle
The Tevatron experiments have found a strong indication of the Higgs particle's existence, pointing towards a mass between 115 and 135 GeV/c2. The data analysis of 500 trillion collisions shows a statistical significance of 2.9 sigma in the bottom-quark decay mode.
Understanding what's up with the Higgs boson
Higgs boson discovery is crucial for understanding particle masses. Experiments are reducing data to find patterns in particle decay, but low probabilities make some channels harder to detect. Sophisticated software filters events to record particles of interest.
Latest edition of the 'Particle Physics Bible' now online
The Particle Data Group's 2012 edition is a comprehensive review of high-energy physics, covering results from the Large Hadron Collider and new data on neutrino oscillation. The online version includes an interactive web application for browsing the database and print-quality displays of mathematical expressions.
Researchers from the University of Zurich discover new particle at CERN
Physicists from the University of Zurich detected a baryon with one light and two heavy quarks, Xi_b^*, in proton collisions at CERN's LHC. The discovery confirms the theory of quark binding and helps understand the strong interaction.
Magnetic fields can send particles to infinity
Researchers from Complutense University of Madrid have mathematically shown that particles in magnetic fields can escape into infinity, never stopping. The phenomenon occurs under specific conditions, including the presence of current loops on the same plane and a large radius for the spherical surface.
Fermi observations of dwarf galaxies provide new insights on dark matter
Scientists analyzed two years of data from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope to detect gamma-ray signals from hypothetical particles. No signals were detected, ruling out WIMP candidates within a specific range of masses and interaction rates as dark matter.
Looking at quantum gravity in a mirror
Researchers propose a new quantum experiment using Planck-mass mirrors to test predictions of quantum gravity. The team's findings suggest that certain modifications predicted by quantum gravity proposals could be verified in the laboratory, potentially shedding light on the unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity.
Elusive Higgs boson in sight?
Researchers at Michigan State University's DZero team have detected a distinct Higgs-like signature that cannot be easily explained without the presence of something new. If confirmed, this finding would be a major milestone for the world physics community and validate the Standard Model.
Tevatron experiments report latest results in search for Higgs boson
Physicists from CDF and DZero collaborations found excesses in data that might be interpreted as coming from a Higgs boson, consistent with LHC results. The new result has a probability of being due to a statistical fluctuation at 2.2 sigma, excluding masses above 147 GeV.
World's best measurement of W boson mass points to Higgs mass and tests Standard Model
Scientists from CDF and DZero collaborations achieve precise measurement of W boson mass, an important constraint on the theorized Higgs boson. The new result provides a rigorous test of the Standard Model, which describes the properties of matter and its interactions.
Direct measurement of the formation length of photons
Researchers from Aarhus University and CERN's NA63 collaboration successfully measured the time it takes for an electron to form a photon. By guiding the electron through two flat gold foils, they created a measurable distance between them, which corresponds to the length of the photon formation process.
The future of Fermilab
Fermilab is shifting focus from high-energy particle collisions to lower-energy interactions with intense beam intensities. Two neutrino experiments and Project X, a $1-2bn proton accelerator, are planned to explore rare decays and heavy nuclei.
High-energy physicists set record for network data transfer
Researchers from the California Institute of Technology and international partners have achieved a new world record for data transfer at a combined rate of 186 gigabits per second, equivalent to moving two million gigabytes per day. This milestone is crucial for dealing with massive amounts of data coming from the Large Hadron Collider.
In the heart of Cygnus, NASA's Fermi reveals a cosmic-ray cocoon
The study reveals that Cygnus X has formed a 'cocoon' of trapped cosmic rays, which were accelerated by the intense stellar winds and shockwaves. This finding provides a unique glimpse into the early life of cosmic rays, long before they diffuse into the galaxy.
Physicists consider their own carbon footprint
Physicists are being called on to take action against climate change by reducing their own carbon footprints. By changing behavior at the individual level and carefully planning future experiments, physicists can contribute to a more sustainable energy supply.
Fermi's latest gamma-ray census highlights cosmic mysteries
The Fermi catalog reveals a mix of known and unknown objects, with active galaxies, pulsars, and supernova remnants making up a large portion. Unassociated sources pose an intriguing mystery, sparking research into new types of gamma-ray-emitting objects.
Fermilab experiment measurements decrease surprise difference in neutrino and antineutrino masses
The MINOS experiment's new result brings neutrino and antineutrino masses more closely in sync, lessening the potential ramifications of previous differences. This development is promising for future neutrino experiments like NOvA and MINOS+, which will further investigate and potentially close the mass difference.
Fermilab scientist receives $2.5 million award for innovative accelerator work
Alex Romanenko, a Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory scientist, has been awarded $2.5 million to expand his research on superconducting radio frequency cavities made of niobium metal. His work could lead to the development of more efficient and powerful accelerators for medicine, energy, and discovery science.
Fermilab experiment discovers a heavy relative of the neutron
The CDF collaboration observed a new neutral particle, Xi-sub-b, composed of strange, up and bottom quarks, in high-energy collisions. This discovery strengthens the understanding of how quarks form matter.
Fermilab experiment weighs in on neutrino mystery
The MINOS experiment at Fermilab recorded 62 electron neutrino-like events, constraining the transformation of muon neutrinos into electron neutrinos to a narrow range. This result is consistent with and improves upon previous measurements, potentially shedding light on the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance.
CERN group traps antihydrogen atoms for more than 16 minutes
Researchers at CERN's ALPHA experiment have successfully trapped antihydrogen atoms for up to 1,000 seconds, or 16 minutes and 40 seconds. This achievement allows for spectroscopic experiments on the antiatoms, which could help determine if their electromagnetic and gravitational interactions are identical to those of normal matter.
ALPHA stores antimatter atoms for over a quarter of an hour -- and still counting
The ALPHA Collaboration has successfully stored a total of 309 antihydrogen atoms for up to 1,000 seconds, far exceeding the time ordinary atoms can be magnetically confined. This achievement opens a path to new experiments with antimatter and measures matter-antimatter asymmetry with precision.
RHIC Physicists Nab New Record for Heaviest Antimatter
Researchers detect 18 examples of antihelium-4, a massive antimatter partner of helium, in data from over 1 billion collisions at RHIC. The discovery could provide crucial insights into the early universe's matter-antimatter balance and the search for bulk antimatter elsewhere.
SU physicists first to observe rare particles produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN
Scientists led by Syracuse University physicist Sheldon Stone observed the decay of a rare B meson particle, which may hold clues about the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance and the nature of fundamental forces. The discovery is part of ongoing efforts to understand why the universe evolved with more matter than antimatter.
Cluster encounters a natural particle accelerator
Two Cluster satellites encounter a natural particle accelerator above the northern hemisphere, mapping its electrical landscape. This discovery sheds light on the generation of auroras and provides new insights into space plasma.
Hunt for dark matter closes in at Large Hadron Collider
The Large Hadron Collider's CMS detector has conducted the first full run of experiments, producing energies similar to those present in the Universe's first instants. Researchers are optimistic about confirming or ruling out Supersymmetry as a solution for dark matter, which makes up approximately 25% of the universe's mass.
NSF funds new supercomputer at Syracuse University
Syracuse University's new supercomputer will enable scientists to explore the universe in ways not currently possible, with a focus on gravitational-wave astronomy and analysis of LIGO data. The computer cluster is one of three worldwide dedicated to this field, providing vital technologies for analyzing data from distant objects.
Fermi's Large Area Telescope sees surprising flares in Crab Nebula
The discovery of gamma-ray flares in the Crab Nebula, powered by a rapidly spinning neutron star, challenges current theories on cosmic particle acceleration. The flares were caused by super-charged electrons of up to 10 peta-electron volts, 1,000 times more energetic than any man-made accelerator.
Director General CERN announces $25M Australian center on origins of universe
The ARC Centre of Excellence for Experimental Particle Physics at the Terascale will probe particle interactions at higher energies, revealing secrets about the early stages of the universe after the big bang. Scientists hope to discover elusive Higgs Boson particles and new physics such as extra dimensions and super symmetry.
Theoretical breakthrough: Generating matter and antimatter from the vacuum
University of Michigan researchers have made a theoretical breakthrough in generating matter and antimatter from the vacuum under specific conditions. The new equations show how high-energy electron beams combined with intense laser pulses can create pairs of particles and antiparticles, generating additional particles and antiparticles.
Where is mathematics in Europe?
The European Science Foundation recommends creating a CERN-like Institute for Mathematics to bridge the gap between math research and industry, promoting collaboration and innovation. This would enable small and medium enterprises to access expertise and funds, driving economic growth and job creation.
CERN observes melted nuclear matter for the first time
The ATLAS experiment at CERN has directly observed lead ions melting and dissolving into smaller particles, providing insight into the universe's early stages. This phenomenon was only expected to occur at extreme temperatures, confirming the power of the LHC in studying fundamental physics.
Magnetic trapping will help unlock the secrets of anti-matter
Researchers at CERN and Swansea University have achieved a major breakthrough in anti-matter research, trapping and holding atoms of 'anti-hydrogen' for the first time. This development will allow scientists to study anti-matter closely and gain unprecedented insight into its composition and fundamental physical principles.
Antimatter atoms produced and trapped at CERN
The ALPHA experiment at CERN has successfully produced and trapped atoms of antihydrogen, a significant step forward in understanding the difference between matter and antimatter. This development allows for new ways of making detailed measurements of antihydrogen, which will enable scientists to compare matter and antimatter.
Antihydrogen trapped for first time
Researchers have achieved a significant milestone by trapping 38 antihydrogen atoms for more than one-tenth of a second using the ALPHA experiment. This achievement marks a crucial step towards studying the properties of antihydrogen, which could provide insights into the universe's mysterious lack of antimatter.
Researchers trap antimatter atoms
A team of researchers from the University of Calgary has successfully trapped atomic antimatter, a significant breakthrough in understanding fundamental physics. The discovery opens up new possibilities for studying antimatter and its properties.
UC Santa Cruz leads work on first major upgrade for LHC
Physicists at UC Santa Cruz are developing a new particle detector called the Insertable B Layer (IBL) to upgrade the ATLAS detector at the LHC, improving sensitivity in Higgs boson searches and enabling new physics discoveries. The IBL will be installed in 2015 and use advanced technology to withstand higher radiation doses.
First results from Large Hadron Collider announced
The University of Toronto team has broken world records in the search for new particles at the LHC, confirming the Standard Model theory. The team set new limits on the mass of excited quarks, excluding their existence below a certain threshold and reconfirming allegiance to the Standard Model.
Refining a cosmic clock
Experiments at CERN and Karlsruhe have clarified the processes affecting osmium-187 abundance, reducing uncertainties in the rhenium-osmium cosmic clock. This allows for a more accurate estimate of our galaxy's age.
Chemical element 114: A first at GSI
At GSI Helmholtzzentrum, researchers successfully produced and observed element 114, with a preliminary atomic number of 114. The production rate was higher than ever measured for this element, paving the way for future studies.
Early results from the world's brightest X-ray source
Researchers at SLAC's Linac Coherent Light Source use the facility's bright, brief flash to study how x-rays strip electrons from nitrogen atoms. The results show that nitrogen molecules absorb less x-ray radiation with shorter flashes, enabling snapshots of ultra-fast chemical and molecular processes.
Fermilab's MINOS experiment suggests difference in key neutrino and antineutrino property
The MINOS experiment has measured the parameters governing antineutrino oscillations with world-record precision, revealing a significant difference between neutrino and antineutrino masses. This finding challenges current theory and suggests a fundamentally new property of the neutrino-antineutrino system.
Surprising new evidence for asymmetry between matter and antimatter
UC Riverside physicists involved in the international DZero collaboration have discovered significant violation of matter-antimatter symmetry in B-mesons decays, resulting in a 1% excess of muon pairs over antimuon pairs. This finding points to new physics phenomena that may explain the universe's dominance of matter over antimatter
New high-speed integrated circuit for world's biggest physics experiment is fastest of its kind
A new integrated circuit, designed by Southern Methodist University physicists, can transmit data at 5.8 billion-bits per second in the Large Hadron Collider, the largest particle accelerator in Europe. The 'link-on-chip' serializer circuit is critical for the upgrade of the collider and plans to increase data speed and number of lanes.
Nuclear missing link created at last: Superheavy element 117
Scientists have successfully synthesized element 117, a superheavy element with 117 protons, by fusing calcium and berkelium. The short-lived atom is unstable but lives longer than many lighter elements, confirming theories of an island of stability on the periodic table.
CU-Boulder team aids in record-breaking subatomic particle collisions
A CU-Boulder team has made history by smashing subatomic particles together at unprecedented energies, with a combined collision energy of 7 trillion electron volts. The experiment is aimed at uncovering secrets about dark matter, dark energy, gravity, and the fundamental laws of physics.
NASA's Fermi probes 'dragons' of the gamma-ray sky
Astronomers using NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope found that less than a third of gamma-ray emission arises from black-hole-powered jets. The study suggests that alternative explanations, such as particle acceleration in normal star-forming galaxies and dark matter, may be responsible for the extragalactic gamma-ray background.
NASA's Fermi closes on source of cosmic rays
New images from NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope reveal the sources of cosmic rays, which consist mainly of protons moving at nearly the speed of light. The telescope mapped billion-electron-volt gamma-rays from middle-aged and young supernova remnants, providing insights into the origins of these energetic particles.
Scientist explore future of high-energy physics
Researchers are working on improving the efficiency of superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities made of niobium to accelerate beams of subatomic particles in next-generation high-energy physics experiments. This could lead to powerful accelerators that open new frontiers in physics without increasing size.
Neutrino data to flow in 2010; NOvA scientists tune design
Physicists are developing a $278 million neutrino detector to study fundamental mysteries of the universe. The NOvA collaboration, involving 180 scientists from 28 institutions, aims to better understand matter and dark matter, the universe's formation and evolution, and astrophysical events.
Iowa State physicists beginning to see data from the Large Hadron Collider
Physicists at Iowa State University are starting to see real data from the Large Hadron Collider, a multibillion-dollar particle accelerator. The team is analyzing the data from the ATLAS experiment's silicon pixel detector, which uses 80 million pixels to make precise measurements of particles created in high-energy collisions.
LHC produces first physics results
The LHC has successfully recorded its first proton collisions, providing a crucial benchmark for the accelerator's performance. The ALICE experiment detected 284 collisions at an energy of 450 GeV, confirming previous measurements and laying the groundwork for future experiments.
City Tech physicist thinks small and big with CERN Large Hadron Collider research
Giovanni Ossola's NSF-funded project aims to improve the accuracy of LHC computations using his OPP Method. He plans to involve students in the experiment, promoting stronger ties between CERN and City Tech.
Hunt for Higgs boson: Mass of top quark narrows search
Physicists have improved measurements of the top quark's mass, which bears on the nature of the Higgs boson. The new world average value constrains the range of possible Higgs measurements more tightly than ever.
Louisiana Tech faculty, students making an 'impact' on atomic supercollider
The Louisiana Tech team is part of the ATLAS collaboration for the Large Hadron Collider, investigating new physics beyond the Standard Model. They have directly contributed to data quality software development and will analyze the data to make important discoveries.
NASA's Fermi telescope detects gamma-ray from 'star factories' in other galaxies
Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope detects diffuse gamma-ray emission from star-forming regions in nearby galaxies, suggesting that these regions are the source of cosmic rays. The telescope observes intense gamma-ray emission from a region called 30 Doradus within the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way.
VERITAS telescopes help solve 100-year-old mystery: The origin of cosmic rays
The VERITAS telescope array has found new evidence for cosmic rays in the Cigar Galaxy, supporting the theory that supernovae and stellar winds are the dominant accelerators. The discovery confirms that starburst galaxies contain more cosmic rays than normal galaxies.
Physicists seek to keep next-gen colliders in 1 piece
Researchers aim to control electromagnetic forces that can destroy future particle accelerators. They propose two approaches: heavy damping and light damping with detuning, to mitigate the effects of extreme wake fields. Detuning is compared to acoustics, where ringing bells at different frequencies reduces overall sound amplitude.