Articles tagged with Photonics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists from UCLA develop a do-it-yourself radiative cooler using household materials, achieving moderate to large temperature drops. The design's reproducibility and low cost make it an attractive standard for research settings.
Researchers at POSTECH demonstrate experimental demonstration of negative refraction at visible frequency for the first time, achieving high-resolution images beyond diffraction limit. The study uses a vertical hyperbolic metamaterial to exhibit negative refraction in entire visible domain, overcoming limitations of conventional materi...
Researchers at the University of Rochester have developed a way to amplify interferometric signals without increasing extraneous input on an integrated photonic chip. This breakthrough enables high-precision measurements in various applications, including quantum gyroscopes.
The PERSEPHONe project aims to create a novel technological platform for photonics based on metal-halide perovskites. Early stage researchers will be trained in materials design, device development and adaptability.
Researchers have developed a superconducting silicon-photonic chip for quantum communication, enabling optimal Bell-state measurement of time-bin encoded qubits. This breakthrough enhances the key rate of secure quantum communication and removes detector side-channel attacks, significantly increasing security.
A research team led by Professor Luca Razzari at INRS has successfully generated coherent, intense visible light pulses with femtosecond duration using a simplified setup. This innovation opens up new possibilities for studying various phenomena in physics, chemistry, and biology.
Researchers have demonstrated a new technique for cross-sectional medical images without the need for tomography, enabling faster and more accurate imaging. The breakthrough is made possible by ultrafast photon detectors that can precisely determine the arrival times of photons, allowing for reconstruction-free positron emission imaging.
Researchers developed a novel spintronic-metasurface terahertz emitter that generates broadband, circularly polarized, and coherent terahertz waves. The design offers flexible manipulation of the polarization state and helicity with magnetic fields, enabling efficient generation and control of chiral terahertz waves.
Researchers discovered a novel topological edge soliton that inherits topological protection from its linear counterpart, enabling robust and localized light beams. This breakthrough is achieved through nonlinear photorefractive lattices harnessing the valley Hall effect, without requiring an external magnetic field.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has significant growth potential across various medical applications, including cardiology and dermatology. Miniaturized OCT systems are expected to revolutionize healthcare with compact, mobile, and cost-effective devices.
Scientists have designed a compact photonic circuit that uses sound waves to control light, outperforming previous alternatives and optimizing compatibility with atom-based sensors. The new device is simple in design, uses common optical materials, and can be adapted for different wavelengths of light.
A team of researchers at EPFL and Purdue University has developed a magnetic-free optical isolator using integrated photonics and micro-electromechanical systems. This device can couple to and deflect light propagating in a waveguide, mimicking the effects of magnet-driven isolators without requiring magnetic fields.
Researchers have demonstrated ultrafast optical circuit switching for datacenters using integrated soliton microcombs, which can handle increasing bursty datacenter applications while reducing overheads. The proposed architecture employs a central comb system to improve power efficiency and reduce complexity.
The INRS team has developed an intelligent optical chip that uses autonomous learning approaches to generate optical waveforms, paving the way for further advances in telecommunications. The device can autonomously adjust to a user-defined target waveform with strikingly low technical and computational requirements.
Researchers at Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences have developed a simple spatial light modulator made from gold electrodes covered by a thin film of electro-optical material. This device can control light intensity and pixel by pixel, enabling compact, high-speed, and precise optical devices.
Experts successfully connect quantum computers and sensors on a practical scale, enabling entanglement-based quantum communications. The team demonstrated scalability of entanglement-based protocols across three remote nodes using flexible grid bandwidth provisioning.
Electrical engineers at Duke University have discovered a way to extend the use of chalcogenide glasses into the visible and ultraviolet parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. By nanostructuring these materials, they can create high-order harmonic frequencies that enable transmission of light at previously inaccessible wavelengths.
A team of researchers at Bristol's Quantum Engineering and Technology Labs has developed a silicon photonic chip that can protect quantum bits from errors using photons. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of more powerful quantum computers by reducing the fragility of qubits.
A new platform enables simultaneous meeting of three critical requirements: low defect density, large dimension, and efficient light coupling with Si-waveguides. The monolithic InP/SOI platform features sub-micron wires and membranes grown using lateral aspect ratio trapping.
The research team demonstrated III-V photodetectors grown on SOI, featuring large 3 dB bandwidths exceeding 40 GHz and low dark currents of 0.55 nA. The PDs have high responsivity and adjustable photocurrents.
Researchers at the University of Würzburg have developed a way to force an array of vertical cavity lasers to act together as a single laser, overcoming previous power limit constraints. This breakthrough enables the creation of highly efficient and compact laser networks with numerous potential applications.
Scientists designed loss in optical devices to achieve unconventional physical phenomena, leading to novel methods for optical control and engineering. The team created two whispering gallery mode microresonators with different absorption losses, coupling their fields to achieve coherent perfect absorption.
Researchers propose a time-sensitive network control plane as a key component of quantum networks, enabling real-time control and low costs. Industry applications include cybersecurity through quantum key distribution, but standardization and certification are needed.
Researchers observed linked Weyl surfaces in five-dimensional space using metamaterials, introducing a unique platform for studying complex topological phenomena. The experiment revealed a higher-dimensional topological state with exotic optical properties, including negative refraction and invisibility cloaks.
Researchers developed a high-throughput Fourier-optics-based angle-resolved imaging spectroscopy system with robust neural network-based algorithms to solve inverse scattering problems. The system achieved a strong linear correlation between the reconstructed geometric parameters and atomic force microscopy measurements.
A team of scientists has fabricated an ultralow loss SiCOI platform with a record-high Q factor of 7.1×206, demonstrating various nonlinear processes including harmonic generation and cascaded Raman lasing.
Researchers from USTC demonstrate the quantum statistics and contextuality of parafermion zero modes using a multi-mode Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The fidelity of the braiding operation reaches 93.4%, enabling a fault-tolerant quantum gate.
Researchers developed a precise stopwatch to count single photons, enhancing imaging technologies like forest mapping and disease diagnosis. The new time lens technology improves photon timing resolution by orders of magnitude.
A UVA research group has developed a scalable quantum computing platform using photonic devices, reducing the number of devices needed to achieve quantum speed. The team created a quantum source in an optical microresonator on a chip, generating 40 qumodes and verifying the generation of multiplexed quantum modes.
Researchers at Harvard SEAS have demonstrated a new way to control polarized light using metasurfaces, enabling holographic images with an unlimited number of polarization states and manipulation in virtually infinite directions. This advancement could lead to applications in imaging, microscopes, displays, and astronomy.
Researchers at Aalto University have discovered that fibrous red phosphorous, when electrons are confined in its one-dimensional sub-units, shows large optical responses. The material demonstrates giant anisotropic linear and non-linear optical responses, as well as emission intensity.
Researchers developed the first transparent fiber–millimeter-wave–fiber system in the 100-GHz band using a low-loss broadband optical modulator with direct photonic down-conversion. The system successfully demonstrated high-speed transmission of over 70 Gbit/s over a wired and wireless converged system.
Researchers have developed a new X-ray imaging method utilizing hackmanite's colouring abilities, revealing its potential for non-expensive and reusable imaging applications. The study found that adding different atoms to the material impacts its colouring properties, and the mechanism of colour changing occurs through X-ray excitation.
Researchers at UVA's Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering are working on a project called PATRONUS, which aims to integrate photonic integrated circuits into a single chip. This could lead to faster data centers and next-generation wireless communication systems.
Researchers developed a general framework for dynamic control of THz wavefronts using cascaded metasurfaces. By varying the polarization of a light beam with rotating multilayer metasurfaces, they demonstrated efficient redirection and manipulation of THz beams, overcoming limitations in local tuning.
A doctoral student at Texas A&M University has designed a chip that can revolutionize data rate for processors by utilizing photons. The chip operates at higher speeds with higher data rates compared to previous generation of chips, and is capable of reaching nearly five times the bandwidth.
Researchers developed a miniaturized and high-speed quantum random number generator (QRNG) with an output rate of 18.8 Gbps, exceeding previous records. The QRNG uses a photonic integrated chip and optimized real-time post-processing to achieve this feat.
Photonic researchers successfully demonstrated a temporal compression system that can squeeze light in time by 11 times, allowing more data to be transmitted in a given time duration. This technology also enables the spectral compression of light, which could facilitate higher spectral densities and faster optical communications networks.
Researchers have developed the fastest real-time quantum random number generator to date, combining a photonic integrated chip with optimized postprocessing. The device generates truly random numbers at nearly 19 gigabits per second and measures only 15.6 by 18.0 millimeters.
The University of Ottawa has been awarded four new Canada Research Chairs in artificial intelligence, health, and law. Carole Yauk's research addresses toxicological risk assessment of environmental chemicals, while Emmanuelle Bernheim focuses on improving access to justice for those with mental health issues.
Hyperbolic metamaterials enable subwavelength confinement of electromagnetic waves, allowing for flexible control of near-field light propagation. The researchers used an all-electric scheme to selectively couple near-field light in HMMs, enabling unidirectional excitation of hyperbolic modes.
Researchers developed a near-infrared camera system that can detect Burmese pythons up to 1.3 times farther away than traditional visible-wavelength cameras, providing a new tool for removal efforts and expanding detection capabilities day and night.
Xiaosheng Zhang received the $1,500 grand prize for his outstanding work on a silicon photonics focal plane switch array for optical beam steering. He will present his research at the Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exhibition in June.
Researchers from several institutions have successfully integrated a novel on-chip hollow-core light cage into an alkali atom vapor cell, overcoming previous limitations. The device exhibits high-speed gas diffusion and long-term stability, enabling integration with other technology platforms.
Scientists at the Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat have successfully created non-Hermitian topological states in topolectric circuits, exhibiting stable and robust features. This breakthrough has far-reaching implications for future quantum technologies and may establish a milestone towards developing light-controlled computers.
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University developed a novel solution combining light and ultrasound waves to create ultra-narrow filters in silicon integrated circuits. This innovation addresses the challenge of accommodating long delays required for narrowband filtering, enabling more efficient microwave photonic systems.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania designed supersymmetric microlaser arrays to achieve higher power density and stability, paving the way for more efficient photonic devices. The arrays can collectively emit orders of magnitude higher power than traditional lasers.
Assistant Professor Robert Fickler and Doctoral Researcher Markus Hiekkamäki demonstrated near-perfect two-photon interference control using spatial photon shape. The method holds promise for building new linear optical networks and developing quantum-enhanced sensing techniques.
Researchers discovered silicon's strongest nonlinearity, allowing for extremely weak beams to be used in photonic applications. This breakthrough could lead to the production of silicon processors with built-in light beam control capabilities.
Researchers developed a link discovery method using terahertz radiation, enabling the detection of non-line-of-sight (NLOS) paths in wireless communications. The study reveals that transmitters with strong angular dispersion can exploit NLOS links to provide faster connectivity.
Researchers realized efficient frequency conversion in microresonators via a degenerate sum-frequency process, achieving cross-band frequency conversion and amplification of converted signal. The study demonstrated precise tuning of the frequency window with a 42% efficiency and a 250GHz tuning bandwidth.
Researchers designed and built two-dimensional arrays of closely packed micro-lasers that achieve power density orders of magnitude higher, paving the way for improved lasers, high-speed computing, and optical communications. The breakthrough enables single-mode lasing with enhanced emission power and increased coherence.
Researchers have proposed a photonic in-plane nodal chain and non-Abelian nodal link stabilized by generalized quaternion charges. These structures are uniquely stable in photonics due to internal symmetries of Maxwell equations, offering new insights into topological phases.
Scientists have developed a new technology for building silicon nitride integrated photonic circuits with record low optical losses, significantly reducing power budgets for chip-scale optical frequency combs. The technology enables high-quality-factor microresonators and meter-long waveguides on small chips.
Researchers demonstrate commercialization of photonic MEMS switches fabricated on silicon-on-insulator wafers using regular photolithographic and dry-etching processes. The switch design includes a 32x32 matrix of replicated elements, achieving excellent light power loss, optical bandwidth, and switching speed.
Scientists develop a generic approach to generate arbitrary vectorial optical fields (VOFs) using metasurfaces, offering improved efficiency and control over polarization. They experimentally demonstrate the generation of VOFs in both far-field and near-field regimes with tailored wave fronts and inhomogeneous polarization distributions.
Researchers developed a holographic endoscope made of single-hair thin optical fibers to reconstruct images of macroscopic objects at larger imaging distances. The tool sheds light on biological processes occurring at the macromolecular and subcellular levels, allowing for better treatment of severe brain diseases like Alzheimer's.
Researchers have revealed conditions for robust entangled states transport in photonic topological insulators. They identify physical mechanisms and thresholds for maximizing entanglement while preserving topological protection.
Researchers found that high-energy laser light ejects electrons from quantum dot atoms, trapping holes and producing waste heat, reducing efficiency. The study uses electron camera technology to observe atomic movements at the nanoscale.
A new microcomb technology has been developed by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, which can generate a wide range of optical frequencies with high precision. This technology has the potential to be used in various applications, including exoplanet discovery and disease diagnosis.