Articles tagged with Photons
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have demonstrated a method for getting high-energy photons to kick out two electrons instead of one, potentially breaking the theoretical solar-cell efficiency limit. The new approach could add several percentage points to the maximum output of conventional silicon cells.
Researchers have developed a new protocol for storing and releasing single photons, potentially solving critical challenges in quantum computing. The novel protocol uses destructive interference phenomena to prevent leakage and allow photons to be hosted in an embedded eigenstate.
Skoltech researchers developed a new method to generate intense monoenergetic X and gamma-ray radiation using Nonlinear Compton Scattering. The invention uses carefully tuned laser pulses to remove parasitic broadening, significantly increasing the number of generated photons.
Researchers at UC Davis have found a new candidate for dark matter, a magnetic monopole particle that could interact with 'dark photons'. This new theory offers a potential way to detect dark matter particles streaming through the universe. However, the predicted phase shift is extremely small, making detection challenging.
Researchers have discovered a fundamental limit on the transition probabilities of linear optical systems, constraining their ability to transfer bosons. This discovery leads to a negative answer to Professor Scott Aaronson's open problem on quantum supremacy in decision problems.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory explored how 2D crystals can grow over 3D objects and found that curvature can stretch and strain the crystals. Conformal growth of perfect 2D crystals over curved objects has the promise to localize strain and create high-fidelity arrays of single photon emitters.
A joint team of Chinese scientists has demonstrated CV-QKD transmission over commercial deployed fiber links with distances of up to 50 kilometers. The system achieved higher secret key rates compared to previous laboratory tests, overcoming challenges such as environmental perturbations and equipment losses.
Researchers have developed a new method to create thin films that emit single photons at precise locations, enabling the scalability of quantum materials. This breakthrough paves the way for beyond-lab-scale quantum information technologies, including all-optical quantum computing and quantum key distribution.
The new design achieves around 95% indistinguishability and three times higher efficiency than traditional cavities. It enables the production of high-quality single photons necessary for practical quantum computing, solving problems intractable for classical computers.
A team of researchers led by Prof. DU Shengwang from HKUST achieved a breakthrough in photonic quantum memories, boosting efficiency to over 85% and fidelity to over 99%. This finding brings the dream of an 'universal' quantum computer closer to reality.
University of Copenhagen researchers create a nanomechanical router that emits quantum information carried by light particles, enabling the scaling up of quantum technology. The component's tiny size makes it promising for future applications, potentially achieving 'quantum supremacy' with tens of photons simultaneously.
Researchers at KAIST have designed an ultrathin display that can project dynamic, multi-colored 3D holographic images using tiny pinholes in a thin film. The system is small and scalable, paving the way for widespread applications of 3D holographic displays.
Researchers at the University of Oregon have successfully created artificial atoms in white graphene, which can generate single photons and potentially lead to breakthroughs in all-optical quantum computing. The discovery enables the scalable fabrication of artificial atoms onto a microchip, working in air and at room temperature.
A new approach enables the smooth navigation of photons through complex optical fiber obstacle courses, preserving entanglement and correlation. This breakthrough boosts expectations for quantum key distribution (QKD) technology, which uses signals in particles of light to create encryption keys.
Using simulations, researchers found that photons in long gamma-ray bursts originate from the photosphere of relativistic jets emitted by exploding stars. This discovery provides a promising explanation for the emission mechanism and could help unlock insights into dark matter and dark energy.
Researchers successfully connected two nanofiber cavity-QED systems over a distance of up to two meters, enabling reversible interaction between atoms and delocalized photons. The breakthrough paves the way for distributed quantum computing and quantum networks.
A research group led by Professor PAN Jianwei and LU Chaoyang successfully designed the largest planar code platform at present using photons, demonstrating path-independent property in optical systems. This work provides a platform for simulating braiding operations with linear optics, enabling further exploration of anyonic statistics.
Physicists have created a quantum simulator that mimics the behavior of magnets at very low temperatures using photons instead of magnetic dipoles. This breakthrough enables researchers to study complex quantum phenomena without requiring expensive experimental setups.
Researchers investigate how photon mass could influence galaxy rotation curves, potentially explaining the enigmatic 'dark matter'. The study's findings suggest a possible solution to the long-standing rotation-curve problem.
Researchers have successfully reversed and made repulsive Casimir forces, tunable and enhanced by external magnetic fields. By inserting a chiral material between plates, they created an oscillatory force with large magnitude, reflecting macroscopic effects of quantum fluctuations.
The new quantum sensor developed by researchers at the University of Waterloo promises significant advancements in long-range 3D imaging and monitoring the success of cancer treatments. The sensors can detect single particles of light with high timing resolution, speed, and efficiency over an unparalleled wavelength range.
A new measurement technique called COSPLI enables researchers to map and measure large-scale photonic quantum correlation with single-photon sensitivity, a critical step towards making photon-based quantum computing practical. The method uses CCD cameras and suppresses noise to detect signals from individual photons.
Researchers create a unique platform to study quantum optical physics on the nanoscale by stacking 2D materials at angles to trap particles. The team successfully traps hundreds of excitons using a moiré pattern, which can be controlled by a twist, enabling precise manipulation and interaction with individual excitons.
Researchers created quantum-correlated pairs made up of one visible and one near-infrared photon, combining the best of both worlds. This breakthrough promises to boost light-based circuits' ability to securely transmit information over long distances.
Researchers at MIT and ETH in Zurich have developed a system to produce coherent single photons using perovskite quantum dots. The study found that these materials can maintain coherence levels approaching those of established emitters, making them promising for quantum computing applications and secure quantum communications.
A team led by Professor Ebrahim Karimi creates a new quantum simulator that uses the properties of light to simulate periodic and closed structures in nature. The experiment reveals fundamentally different physics between ring-shaped and line-shaped systems, opening opportunities for developing efficient photonic-based quantum computers.
Scientists have developed a method to directly write quantum light sources into monolayer semiconductors, enabling precise placement and real-time design of arbitrary patterns of single photon emitters. This breakthrough paves the way for emerging applications in secure communications, sensing, and quantum computation.
Chinese physicists develop mathematical equations and computer simulations to model photodetachment of negative ions via photons, simulating cosmic rays' collisions with planets. The speed of a moving surface significantly affects the chances of photodetachment, with Chloride (Cl-) ions being less prone than hydrogen (H-) ions.
The Interdisciplinary Quantum Information Research and Engineering (Inquire) instrument enables researchers in various fields to benefit from quantum resources, including entangled photons. Researchers can send photons into the central hub for high-tech imaging or receive entangled photons for secure communication.
A research team at the University of Cologne has successfully performed a variant of the double-slit experiment using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. The experiment provided valuable information about the dynamic physical properties of solids and proved a fundamental theoretical prediction from 1994.
A recent study using high-precision polarization measurements of five gamma-ray bursts has found that GRBs oscillate in the same direction within short time slices, with the oscillation direction changing over time. The results challenge previous theoretical models and provide new insights into the physics of GRB prompt emissions.
Researchers discovered that photons emitted during black hole creation appear to be disordered, yet highly ordered within short time slices. This contradicts theories of either complete polarization or randomness, presenting new challenges for understanding the birth environment of black holes.
Researchers detected 'echoes' within an X-ray burst from a black hole, suggesting the corona shrinks as it feeds. The corona, halo of highly-energized electrons, significantly contracts from 100km to 10km in just over a month.
Researchers have demonstrated feasible global quantum communication between high-orbiting satellites and a ground station, exchanging single photons over 20,000km. This milestone experiment proves secure quantum communications on a global scale using the Global Navigation Satellite System.
Researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology developed a new polariton laser that emits light in all directions, using deliberately imperfect silver nanostripes. The discovery has vast potential applications, including microscopy lighting, LIDAR technology, and general illumination.
The U.S. Department of Energy has approved the technical scope, cost estimate and plan of work for an upgrade of the Advanced Photon Source (APS), a major storage-ring X-ray source at Argonne National Laboratory. The resulting facility will allow researchers to view matter at the atomic scale in three dimensions, opening new frontiers ...
Researchers at UMass Lowell have created a new class of metamaterial that can change the color of light, enabling on-chip optical communication. This technology could lead to smaller, faster, and more efficient computer chips with wider bandwidth and better data storage.
The researchers successfully demonstrated a new level of control over photons encoded with quantum information, performing distinct operations on two qubits in parallel. This breakthrough enables universal quantum computing and improves energy efficiency, stability, and control.
A team from INRS has successfully generated high-dimensional cluster states and implemented novel quantum operations, paving the way for one-way quantum computing. This breakthrough uses photons as a data medium, leveraging their unique properties to increase information storage capacity and boost computational power.
Researchers at Duke University have demonstrated a photonic crystal waveguide that directs photons of light around sharp corners with virtually no losses due to backscattering. This breakthrough enables the development of efficient light-based computing systems, which could replace electronic devices and save energy.
Researchers at Griffith University have developed a procedure for making precise measurements of speed, acceleration and material properties possible. Using photons and entanglement, they achieved sensitivity approaching the Heisenberg limit, outperforming previous experiments.
A Rochester Institute of Technology researcher is collaborating on a multi-university project exploring quantum science in levitated mechanical systems. The project aims to create and sustain a quantum state with levitated optomechanics using advanced sensing designs based on the 'optical tweezers' technique.
Researchers at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory have created a topological quantum light source that can guide light around its edge, shielding it from disruptions. This breakthrough has the potential to enable more secure communications and enhanced sensing capabilities for soldiers.
Scientists have demonstrated a novel way to protect correlated photon states, opening a path to build robust entangled states for logic gates. This breakthrough uses silicon nanowires to create 'edge modes' that help guide and create these correlated states.
Researchers create integrated quantum transceiver capable of sending and receiving quantum information over various waveforms, enabling fast, robust and photon-efficient quantum communications. The team aims to develop a single-chip system that can be used for both free space and optical fiber communication.
A world-first criterion for quantum supremacy has been established using the Tianhe-2 supercomputer, demonstrating a significant advantage over classical computing in boson sampling tasks. The research sets the stage for future quantum computing advancements and paves the way for experimental implementation of quantum devices.
Researchers at the Niels Bohr Institute will receive funding for projects developing quantum technologies with applications in secure communication, supercomputing, and precision measurements. The EU's Flagship program aims to create a 'quantum internet' with unbreakable communication.
Scientists at Stevens Institute of Technology and Columbia University have developed a method to create large numbers of quantum light sources on a chip with unprecedented precision. The new platform enables the creation of single-photon emitters in defined locations, leading to record-high firing rates and improved efficiency.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have successfully applied the Purcell effect to improve the transmission of quantum information. By forcing photons onto a specific path using the Purcell effect, they achieved a significant increase in efficiency, enabling faster communication between quantum dots and transmitters.
Researchers have developed a new approach to see-through displays for augmented reality smart glasses. The design projects images onto the eye using photons and holographic optical elements to form letters and words.
Researchers at HZB integrated a thin layer of singlet fission-capable tetracene crystals into a silicon solar cell, successfully generating two pairs of charge carriers simultaneously. This breakthrough increases the quantum efficiency to 200 percent and brings the theoretical efficiency limit closer to 40 percent.
ICESat-2 successfully fired its laser for the first time, sending photons to measure Antarctic height and detecting small changes in planet's ice sheets, glaciers, and sea ice. The mission will continue with procedures to optimize the instrument, aiming to start getting excellent science-quality data within a month after launch.
Researchers have found a new source of high-energy photons in the cosmos: a microquasar located in our galaxy. The gamma rays emitted by this system are among the most energetic ever observed and were detected using the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov Gamma-Ray Observatory.
Astrophysicists use 3D simulations to explain how luminous blue variables launch material into space through intense light and turbulent motion. The study sheds light on the violent mood swings of rare, massive stars that can shed billions of metric tons of material annually.
A team of scientists, led by Dr. Shen, is working on developing a two-photon controlled-phase logic gate, an essential building block for optical quantum information. The team aims to overcome the difficulty in manipulating photons and create a fundamental component for photonic quantum computation.
Researchers at University of Turku and University of Science and Technology of China have successfully controlled the flow of quantum information into the environment, preventing its disappearance. This breakthrough has significant implications for basic research and the development of quantum technologies.
PySight improves rapid 2D and 3D imaging of the brain with high spatiotemporal resolution, enabling scientists to better understand brain dynamics and discover new treatments. The open-source software integrates with state-of-the-art hardware, overcoming technical barriers to continuous 3D imaging.
Researchers created a system with just seven photons and found that phase transitions occur in these small systems, allowing for the study of quantum properties. This discovery has potential applications in measurement or sensing, as well as exploring properties at the smallest scale when phase transitions occur.
Researchers at TU Wien have measured the phenomenon of superradiance in tiny diamond defects, where one atom causes other atoms to emit energy as light. This creates an intense flash of quantum light that happens within 100 nanoseconds.
Scientists at the Weizmann Institute of Science have successfully demonstrated a logic gate that enables the exchange of information between photons and atoms, a breakthrough necessary for scaling up quantum computers. This achievement paves the way for the development of more powerful quantum computing systems.