Articles tagged with Photons
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at MIT have invented a new technique to cool atoms into condensates using laser cooling, conserving 70% of the original cloud. The method enables faster investigations into magnetism and superconductivity.
ICFO researchers have successfully connected two distinct quantum nodes using a single photon, demonstrating the feasibility of hybrid quantum networks. This breakthrough enables secure data transmission and advanced computing capabilities.
Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University have developed a new time-resolved spectroscopy method that analyzes quantized light transmitted through samples without femtosecond lasers. This design allows for cheaper analysis and preserves the sample, enabling studies of interactions and processes in substances.
Researchers mixed electromagnetic waves on a superconducting qubit, enabling the detection of quantum wave mixing. The study could aid in developing new quantum electronics.
Researchers at IST Austria have developed micrometer-scale, nonmagnetic devices that route microwave photons and shield qubits from harmful noise. The compact devices are a significant improvement over traditional predecessors and could revolutionize the development of quantum computers.
Researchers develop a NbN-SNSPD with system detection efficiency over 90% at 2.1 K, enabling practical applications in quantum information technologies and optical quantum computing/simulation. The device exhibits timing jitters down to 79 ps, promising advantages in high-precision applications.
The latest analysis of BaBar experiment's data limits hiding places for dark photon, ruling out its explanation for muon spin discrepancy and supporting the existence of dark matter. Researchers refine search for dark photons using decade-old particle collider data.
Researchers at the National University of Singapore have developed a super-resolution imaging technique that doubles the odds of successful photon interaction with atoms. This innovation has significant implications for quantum computing and metrology, as it enables stronger interactions between photons and atoms.
Researchers from National University of Singapore invented a novel converter that can harness the speed and small size of plasmons for high frequency data processing and transmission. The converter has an efficiency of over 10% and can potentially make microprocessor chips work 1,000 times faster.
Researchers produced high-energy photon beams using a new method, exceeding known limits and paving the way for deeper understanding of atomic nuclei. The discovery has potential applications in future large-scale laser facilities and could lead to new sources of energy.
Researchers at UNIGE have successfully demonstrated the entanglement of 16 million atoms in a crystal crossed by a single photon, confirming the theory behind future quantum networks. This breakthrough confirms that a vast number of atoms can be entangled and intertwined by a strong quantum relationship.
Researchers found that super-powerful quantum computers must be even more powerful than previously thought to outperform ordinary PCs. The team simulated boson sampling for 20-50 photons on laptops and servers, pushing the boundary of what is possible.
Xi-Cheng Zhang and his team have successfully generated terahertz waves from liquid water, a fundamental breakthrough with significant applications in imaging and spectroscopy. The discovery paves the way for non-destructive inspection of objects and potential uses in security screening, medical imaging, and more.
The Cherenkov Telescope Array's (CTA) updated science case outlines the observatory's major science themes and potential discoveries in astrophysics and fundamental physics. CTA will explore extreme environments, probe cosmic voids, and search for dark matter, with the potential for unexpected breakthroughs.
Researchers demonstrate a nanoscale technique that uses semiconductor quantum dots to bend photons to the wavelengths used by today's popular C-band standards. This breakthrough enables entangled photons to impact cryptography and secure satellite communications.
Scientists have successfully teleported patterns of light over a virtual link using entanglement swapping, paving the way for high-bit-rate secure long-distance quantum communication. This breakthrough uses orbital angular momentum to transmit information without physical photon travel.
A new experiment demonstrates that photons' nature is pre-existing, as described by wavefunctions. This finding clarifies the role of wavefunctions in quantum entities' evolution, confirming physical reality and nonlocality of wavefunctions.
Researchers have developed a measurement-device-independent QKD system using readily available hardware, enabling provably secure communication. The system can generate secret keys at high rates and spans distances of over 100km.
A US-based research team has demonstrated optical and electrical bistability for switching in a single transistor, offering potential solutions to the bandwidth limitations of electronic computers. The study showcases the control of transistor laser electrical and optical bistabilities by base current and collector voltage.
Researchers at MIPT and the University of Siegen have developed high-speed single-photon sources using diamond diodes, enabling efficient quantum communication and computing devices. The new design mechanism allows for precise photon emission times, crucial for applications such as quantum cryptography and quantum computing.
Chinese researchers have successfully sent encrypted messages using quantum-entangled photons over a distance of over 700 miles, breaking the previous record. The achievement is significant as it paves the way for practical quantum communication systems.
Researchers at University of Basel successfully used mirrors to boost NV centers' photon yield by 50% and emission rate by 100%. This breakthrough paves the way for future applications in quantum information technology.
A team of Caltech engineers has developed the world's smallest optical quantum memory chip, capable of storing information in individual photons. The device stores data more efficiently and securely than traditional computer memory, with 97% accuracy rate.
Physicists from University of Basel create a simple and fast quantum memory that stores photons, enabling ultra-fast data transfer and potentially leading to unconditionally secure communication and super-fast quantum computers. The technology has low noise levels and can be implemented in compact setups.
Researchers recreated complex cosmic simulations to investigate a possible transformation process where photons become axions and retransform into photons upon interacting with magnetic fields. This phenomenon may explain the observed brightness of distant celestial bodies.
Researchers have uncovered a reason why semiconductors lose their ability to carry electricity as they become more densely doped. They found that transient bonding of dopant ions with the semiconductor base material impeds conduction, but now know how to design smarter systems to minimize this effect.
Scientists demonstrated 4D quantum encryption over a free-space optical network, encoding two bits of information per photon and tolerating more signal-obscuring noise. The breakthrough paves the way for practical quantum encryption over free-space networks, enabling secure communication between ground-based networks and satellites.
A team of UChicago scientists have detected X-ray photons from a type Ia supernova for the first time, indicating dense circumstellar material. The finding challenges current understanding of these explosions and raises questions about their formation.
Priyashree Roy has been awarded the 2016 Jefferson Science Associates Thesis Prize for her experimental research on proton excited states. Her thesis work produced new information useful to researchers, including 10 previously measured polarization observables.
Physicists from FAU and DESY have developed a method to improve X-ray image quality, enabling the visualization of individual atoms in molecules at higher resolutions. The new technique uses incoherent radiation and time-resolved snapshots to overcome limitations of conventional coherent imaging methods.
Researchers have produced single-photon emitters at room temperature using carbon nanotubes, enabling optically-based quantum information processing. The emitters can be tuned to telecommunications wavelengths, making them suitable for ultrasensitive sensing, metrology, and imaging applications.
A team of researchers has observed nonreciprocal magnons in a noncentrosymmetric antiferromagnet for the first time, showcasing a new regime of magnetic materials. This phenomenon has significant implications for magnon-based electronics, such as spin-wave field-effect transistors.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a method to produce controlled, deterministic photons that can be used in novel cryptographic technologies. This innovation aims to improve the speed and security of quantum key encryption when sharing information over machine-to-machine networks.
Researchers at IMS have shown theoretically and experimentally that high-energy electrons in circular/spiral motion radiate vortex photons across a broad wavelength range. This discovery indicates that vortex photons are ubiquitous in the universe, paving the way for a new research field.
A Rice University professor has developed a method to upconvert light, making solar cells more efficient and disease-targeting nanoparticles more effective. The technique uses plasmonic metals and semiconducting quantum wells to boost the frequency of light, changing its color.
Researchers at FAU have developed a detailed model of the singlet fission process, which could lead to a 50% increase in solar cell performance. By analyzing intermediate phases, they identified key steps in the process and provided new insights into molecule design.
Aalto University researchers demonstrate that each photon is accompanied by an atomic mass density wave, transferring 92% of the total momentum of light in silicon. This resolves the long-standing momentum paradox of light, which had two different values due to neglecting atomic motion with the light pulse.
Researchers at INRS have created a breakthrough photonic system that takes advantage of the frequency domain properties of photons. The system uses on-chip devices and off-the-shelf telecommunications components to generate color-entangled quDits, which can be used for high-dimensional quantum manipulation and transmission.
The NAWI Graz researchers have developed a method to measure plasmon fields in three dimensions, enabling the focus of light at the nanoscale. This breakthrough could lead to new applications in sensor technology, photovoltaics, and computer storage.
Physicists have observed changes in a vision-enabling interaction between light and matter by focusing laser light to unprecedented brightness. The team discovered unique X-ray pulses with potential for medical, engineering, scientific, and security applications.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed a way to retrofit OCT machines with off-the-shelf components, increasing resolution by several-fold. This improvement enables physicians to perform virtual biopsies and detect retinal and corneal damage, incipient tumors, and more with enhanced accuracy.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have discovered that quasimeasurements, a new type of measurement interaction, cause the quantum Zeno effect and anti-Zeno effect. The disturbance from these measurements shifts the energy levels of the atom, leading to faster or slower decay rates.
Researchers used a satellite-based system to transmit entangled photons across vast distances, overcoming previous transmission limitations of 100 km. The successful transmission holds implications for quantum teleportation and communication networks.
Researchers achieved orders of magnitude higher link efficiency compared to traditional methods using telecommunication fibers. Distributed entangled photons enable secure quantum key distribution and variant quantum teleportation protocols.
Scientists demonstrate novel protocol using crystals to emit and store quantum light for extended distances, paving the way for a future quantum repeater. This breakthrough enables secure communication over longer ranges by harnessing the properties of quantum superposition.
Scientists have observed a surprising order in the surface of water droplets at the nanoscale, with molecules behaving like those in ice. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of atmospheric, biological, and geological processes, as researchers explore how additives like salt affect the water network.
The CAST project has set strict limits on the probability that axions turn into photons, with no evidence of solar axions detected. This result has direct consequences for understanding astrophysical anomalies such as high energetic gamma rays and stellar heat dissipation.
Scientists have successfully created large-scale arrays of quantum light emitters in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), a breakthrough that could enable the integration of ultra-thin single photons in electronic devices. This new method allows for deterministic and robust generation of quantum sources, opening up opportunities fo...
Researchers from the National University of Singapore have discovered novel properties of strontium niobate, a material that displays both metallic type conduction and photocatalytic activity. The material exhibits an intrinsic plasmonic absorption, allowing it to absorb visible photons, which is exceptional among metals.
Researchers at Tohoku University successfully generated unpolarized single photons from diamond with intrinsic randomness. This breakthrough is expected to revolutionize quantum information technology, including quantum computing and cryptography.
Researchers developed a laser phosphor display that can absorb ambient light, generating power while displaying high-resolution images. The system achieves up to 71% energy harvesting, but face challenges with ghost images and design optimization.
IBS scientists developed a theoretical model for valv polarization in microcavities, which predicts that valleys with opposite polarization can be distinguished and tuned. This could lead to applications in valleytronics by selectively exciting different valleys with polarized laser light.
A team from Japan successfully generated indistinguishable photons using a novel single-photon source, nitrogen impurity centers in III-V compound semiconductors. The photons' high degree of indistinguishability is essential for quantum information technology such as quantum teleportation and linear optical quantum computation.
Researchers at UC Davis and W&WSens Devices, Inc. developed a new type of photodetector that uses tapered holes to divert photons sideways, preserving the speed of thin-layer silicon and efficiency of thicker layers. The device can convert data from optical to electronics at 20 gigabytes per second, outperforming existing technology.
Researchers at the University of East Anglia discovered a new mechanism for creating paired light particles, which could have significant implications for quantum physics. The findings suggest that photon pairs can be emitted from spatially separated points, introducing positional uncertainty of fundamental quantum origin.
Physicists use a new measurement technique to observe Alice winning and losing a quantum race simultaneously, verifying superposition. This breakthrough opens up new areas for study in quantum mechanics, including the role of causal relations.
Scientists at IBS have proposed a hypothetical portal connecting two possible dark sector particles: dark photons and axions. This discovery could lead to reinterpretation of previous data and potentially breakthroughs in axion and dark photon searches.
Ryan Scott, BS '16, has won the AAPT-ALPhA Award for his work on a new quantum mechanics experiment. The experiment demonstrates superposition and entanglement, fundamental effects in quantum computing research.
A seven-year experiment has confirmed that two photons are indeed exchanged during electron-proton interactions, contradicting theoretical predictions. The OLYMPUS study, led by MIT researchers, used polarized electron beams to measure the intensity of scattered electrons at different angles.
A team of physicists at the University of Warsaw has created a multidimensional entangled state of a single photon and a trillion rubidium atoms. By storing the photons in the laboratory for several microseconds, they have demonstrated the joint entanglement, resolving the long-standing paradox of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen.