Articles tagged with Photons
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers create new method to quantify the change in thermal energy storage during phase transition from photon gas to Bose-Einstein condensate, enabling precise measurement of natural constants and potential applications in high-precision thermometry.
Researchers have developed a novel technique to detect special nuclear materials in cargo containers using low-energy neutron and photon imaging. This method can simultaneously measure density and atomic number, while confirming the presence of nuclear materials through unique delayed neutron emission signatures.
Scientists at NIST have developed a miniaturized device to convert photons between frequencies, addressing two critical problems in quantum communication. The new device consumes low power and produces minimal noise, making it suitable for future experiments with single-photon sources.
Researchers have developed a method that uses laser pulses to identify brain tumors without labeling or staining, providing histological detail comparable to conventional techniques. The technique allows for fast and accurate diagnosis in the operating room, potentially enabling real-time tumor detection before surgery.
Researchers at University of Rochester demonstrate twisted light correlations for remote sensing applications, including detecting rotating black holes and object detection by lidar. Random fluctuations in intensity give rise to correlations in twisted beams, offering a new approach without requiring lasers or entangled photons.
Researchers have developed a new method to overcome issues in implementing quantum cryptography, enabling 'unbreakable' encryption at rates of up to 1 megabit per second. This breakthrough promises faster and more secure data transmission, with potential applications in sensitive information sharing.
Scientists successfully shifted the frequency of a single photon, opening up new possibilities for wavelength division multiplexing in optical quantum communication. The breakthrough uses a room-temperature diamond quantum memory to manipulate light at extremely short pulse lengths.
Researchers at OIST Graduate University have made a groundbreaking discovery about the behavior of protons inside ice. They found that protons exhibit locally ordered yet globally disordered patterns, which are rare in nature and occur only in ice.
Researchers have developed hybrid pixel array detectors that can achieve low noise for single-photon detection and spectroscopic imaging. The new technology uses standard components, enabling the creation of larger and more optimized systems.
NIST researchers create a piezo-optomechanical circuit that converts signals among optical, acoustic and radio waves. The system enables manipulating motion of nanoscale beam using energy exchange between phonons and photons.
Scientists have discovered that hybrid lead halide perovskites can recycle light, a finding that could lead to large gains in solar cell efficiency. This process creates a concentration effect inside the cell, enhancing energy efficiency and potentially reaching efficiencies well beyond current silicon-based cells.
Researchers develop a closed formula to reduce motion blur in camera images by optimizing flutter shutter codes for any probability density of expected scene velocities. The formula links optimal codes with velocity distributions and surpasses the previously-established 1.17 bound gain for known velocities.
A research team at the University of Sydney has developed a major breakthrough in generating single photons, enabling the creation of secure cyber security systems. This innovation resolves a key issue holding back password exchange and can be scaled up to generate single photons with 100% probability.
Researchers have achieved a new milestone in quantum physics by entangling three particles of light in a high-dimensional quantum property. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize quantum encryption and secure communication, enabling multiple parties to share information with unconditional security.
The mission extends studies initiated by JAXA's Suzaku mission, enabling investigations into black hole motion, element abundances, and galaxy evolution. The SXS instrument features a 36-pixel microcalorimeter array, three-stage adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator, and stronger filters to collect X-ray photons.
New research by Aephraim Steinberg and colleagues shows that quantum particles can exhibit 'surrealistic' behavior, contradicting the De Broglie-Bohm theory's claim of realistic trajectories. The findings suggest that non-locality is key to understanding these seemingly 'surreal' paths.
Astronomer Maxim Pshirkov discovered a new source of gamma-radiation in the Gamma Velorum binary system, confirming that colliding stellar winds generate high-energy photon emission. The system's strong stellar winds produce a photon flux with energies exceeding 100 MeV, detected by Fermi LAT.
Researchers have developed a method to rapidly change electron spins using microwave photons, demonstrating potential for quantum information processing and enhancements in magnetic resonance techniques. The experiment showed an accelerated relaxation of electron spins and the release of a microwave photon in about 1 second.
Researchers at JQI develop interface between photons and single electrons, enabling fast interaction and scalable integration on a chip. This breakthrough advances quantum networks and enables entanglement distribution, secret communication, and complex quantum devices.
Researchers at Aalto University have made a groundbreaking discovery in heat transport, enabling efficient cooling of quantum processors and paving the way for faster and more reliable quantum computing. The innovation uses photons to transfer heat over long distances, surpassing previous limitations.
Researchers at University of Vienna develop nanomechanical device that converts quantum vibrations to light, paving the way for a future quantum Internet. The device allows for connection between different quantum systems, enabling global exchange of quantum information.
A team of scientists has found that compact dwarf galaxies, like the green pea galaxy J0925+1403, could explain cosmic reionization by ejecting ionizing photons into the intergalactic medium. This discovery opens a new avenue for understanding the early universe's 14 billion-year history.
An international team has discovered a compact galaxy emitting a large number of ionizing photons, confirming the hypothesis that galaxies were responsible for cosmic reionization. The 'green pea' galaxy J0925 was found to be ejecting ionizing photons with unprecedented intensity.
NIST researchers developed a new material for detecting photons, capturing more quantum information by reducing jitter by 74 picoseconds. This improvement enables faster communications and higher bit rates, crucial for receiving faint signals reliably in quantum teleportation experiments and physics theories testing.
Researchers developed a new method to test Einstein's General Relativity using brief blasts of rare radio signals from space called Fast Radio Bursts. This method is considered a significant tribute to Einstein on the 100th anniversary of his first formulation of the Equivalence Principle.
Researchers at Osaka University have successfully observed two-phonon quantum interference using two cold calcium ions in ion traps. This achievement demonstrates the shared properties of phonons and photons, paving the way for quantum simulation and interface research.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute have developed a novel theoretical method to simulate material properties, including the effects of photons. This approach treats particles and photons as a quantum fluid, allowing for accurate descriptions of electron-photon interactions.
Researchers from Linköping University discovered that energy-time entanglement is vulnerable to attack, allowing eavesdropping on traffic without detection. They propose countermeasures to solve the problem.
Researchers detected gamma rays from a rare blazar galaxy, PKS 1441+25, 7.6 billion light-years away, setting new bounds on the extragalactic background light. The observations provide clues to the production of high-energy gamma rays and their interaction with the surrounding environment.
Engineers tested ATLAS's precision by simulating launch vibrations and temperature changes to ensure accurate beam alignment. The automatic steering mechanism adjusts the laser beams to hit specific spots on Earth, generating a precise electrical signal.
Researchers at RIKEN and Kyoto University have developed a new polymer that minimizes photon energy loss in solar cells, leading to higher efficiency and robust conversion of solar energy into electricity. The achievement marks a significant step towards commercializing cheaper and more efficient polymer-based solar cells.
Researchers have developed a mechanism to extract single photons from a stream, enabling practical applications in quantum communication. The discovery relies on a physical effect called single-photon Raman interaction, which allows for the selective capture of individual photons.
Researchers at Lomonosov Moscow State University developed a novel approach to study electron transport chain in living mitochondria using SERS. They successfully observed changes in cytochrome c structure during ATP synthesis and were able to initiate and stop electron transport. This method provides new insights into mitochondrial fu...
Researchers at RMIT University have successfully created photon pairs that fit on a tiny computer chip, enabling ultra-secure telecommunications. This breakthrough paves the way for the development of scalable integrated devices that exploit mixing of polarization on a single photon level.
Researchers demonstrate entanglement's role in quantum mechanics, ruling out local realism with highly correlated particle measurements. The NIST experiment achieves definitive results, surpassing previous studies' limitations.
Researchers have achieved the most extreme entanglement between photon pairs, pushing quantum physics to its limit. The result bolsters confidence in schemes for quantum cryptography and computing.
Scientists at the Niels Bohr Institute have developed a photon contact that can control the transport of photons in a circuit. This breakthrough enables the creation of complex quantum photonic circuits and paves the way for the development of quantum networks based on photons.
Researchers employed new theoretical approach to calculate glueball decay, achieving agreement with experimental data. The f0(1710) resonance is now considered a prime candidate for the long-sought-after glueball, composed of pure gluons.
Scientists have successfully recorded electron orbitals of molecules in all three dimensions using photoelectron spectroscopy. This breakthrough provides long-sought proof of the orbital concept and reveals new physical insights into the underlying photoelectric effect.
Researchers developed a novel method to confine light, allowing for the retention of quantum memories encoded in photons. This breakthrough could lead to hybrid devices using quantum information for communication networks or quantum computing.
Researchers from the Institute of Physical Chemistry of Poland discover that oxygen plays a crucial role in accelerating photodestruction of molecules. By slowing down oxygen permeation through polymer layers, they can extend the lifetimes of these molecules by several hundred times.
Dartmouth Thayer Engineering researchers Eric Fossum and Jiaju Ma have made a breakthrough in light sensing technology, developing pixels that can significantly enhance low-light sensitivity. The new Quanta Image Sensor (QIS) has the potential to improve applications such as security cameras, astronomy, and life science imaging.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory create a new surface microscope that allows them to control the chemical environment and image minerals as they react under extreme conditions. The technique, called X-ray reflection interface microscopy (XRIM), enables scientists to study reaction front instabilities in real-time.
Researchers at NIST have teleported quantum information over 100km of optical fiber, four times farther than the previous record. The experiment confirmed that quantum communication is feasible over long distances in fiber.
Scientists from Friedrich Schiller University Jena have created a custom-built ultrafast laser that can produce extremely high-resolution images of materials in real time. By using extreme ultraviolet light streaming at a 100,000 times per second, the researchers achieved an image resolution of 26 nanometers, surpassing previous limits.
Researchers at NIST have successfully bound two photons together, creating a 'molecule' of light with its own force. This breakthrough could lead to significant advancements in technologies such as photon-based computing and sensor calibration, potentially reducing energy losses and increasing efficiency.
Physicists at the University of Basel have created a new type of light source that emits identical single photons, a crucial step towards quantum information technology. The breakthrough uses a semiconductor quantum dot to control nuclear spin, allowing for indistinguishable photons.
A team of scientists from Berkeley Lab and the University of Illinois created a solar cell that absorbs high-energy light at a 30-fold higher concentration than conventional cells. This breakthrough uses quantum dot light-emitters with spectrally matched photonic mirrors to efficiently utilize the high-energy part of the solar spectrum.
Researchers successfully demonstrated squeezing of individual light particles, or photons, using an artificially constructed atom. The experiment achieved this by shining a faint laser beam on to their artificial atom, which excited the quantum dot and led to the emission of a stream of individual photons.
Researchers used an enormous X-ray laser to induce a phenomenon that doesn't occur under normal circumstances, resulting in a single higher-energetic X-ray photon. The findings may lead to new ways to diagnose matter in the future.
Researchers have developed an optical chip that can process photons in an infinite number of ways, a major step forward in creating a quantum computer. This breakthrough brings together existing quantum experiments and paves the way for new protocols, making it easier to conduct research and discover new science.
Berkeley Lab researchers have generated and detected plasmons with one of the strongest confinement factors ever, confining photon energy to a spatial dimension smaller than its wavelength. This breakthrough enables novel plasmonic devices with extraordinary sub-wavelength confinement.
Scientists have developed a new type of photonic channel that allows them to control the direction of photon emission, enabling the creation of complex quantum circuits. This breakthrough discovery has significant implications for building large-scale quantum computers and could lead to major advancements in chemistry and materials tec...
A team of chemists at UC Riverside has found a way to use the infrared region of the sun's spectrum to generate more power in solar cells. By combining inorganic semiconductor nanocrystals with organic molecules, they have created a hybrid material that can 'upconvert' photons, effectively reshaping the solar spectrum to boost efficien...
The University of Delaware research team aims to improve solar cells and medical imaging by changing the color of low-energy light into higher-energy colors. Their novel approach could lead to a significant boost in solar energy harvesting, with predicted efficiencies of up to 30%.
University of Pennsylvania engineers have discovered a silicon-based photonic device sensitive to photon spin, enabling faster and more efficient computing. This breakthrough could lead to the development of photonic computers that exploit the spin of photons, potentially orders of magnitude faster than current technology.
Scientists are searching for exotic mesons that don't fit traditional patterns, which could reveal new insights into QCD. The JLab team uses the Titan Supercomputer to analyze interactions between quarks and gluons in a vacuum, aiming to predict these hypothetical particles from first principles.
Scientists have identified a way to manipulate nuclei using electrons' magnetic moments, enabling the transfer of quantum information between particles. The discovery could lead to more stable systems for quantum computing.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a new way to harness light particles, enabling photons to be entangled in multiple dimensions. This allows for the transmission of denser packets of information through fiber optic networks, with potential applications in finance, healthcare, and military communications.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory develop a new way of manipulating high-intensity X-rays using a small microelectromechanical system (MEMS) mirror. The device acts as an ultrafast mirror reflecting X-rays at precise times and specific angles, allowing for the selection of extremely brief but precise X-ray bursts.