Articles tagged with Photons
Researchers use X-rays and a new apparatus to compare behavior of glass-forming liquids as they approach the glass transition. The results show that bulk properties are linked to microscopic structure, providing insight into the mysterious process of glass formation. This study has potential applications in pharmaceutical industry.
Scientists have discovered two separate phases of ferromagnesian silicate in the lower mantle, one containing nearly no iron and the other rich in iron. This finding has significant implications for seismology and the study of earthquakes, highlighting the need to reconsider existing models.
A team led by Robert Boyd at the University of Rochester replicated a 2012 experiment that appeared to violate a fundamental law of quantum mechanics. By analyzing the data more subtly, they found that biased sampling was the cause of the anomaly, reaffirming the standard interpretation of quantum laws.
A study found that bioluminescent sharks possess higher rod densities in their eyes compared to non-bioluminescent sharks. This adaptation allows them to capture and process bioluminescent light more efficiently, which is crucial for communication, prey detection, and camouflage.
Researchers use a superconducting quantum device to record and analyze the paths a quantum system takes between two states, revealing the existence of a quantum equivalent of classical 'least action' path. The findings have implications for controlling biological and chemical systems using lasers.
Physicists Sergei Filippov and Mario Ziman have found a way to preserve quantum entanglement in particles passing through an amplifier and when transmitting signals over long distances. This breakthrough allows for more efficient quantum computing and secure communication channels.
Researchers have successfully demonstrated a photonic router – a quantum device based on an atom that enables routing of single photons by single photons. This achievement brings closer the goal of building quantum computers, which rely on superposition and photonic communication to process data in parallel.
A recent study finds a 400% discrepancy between expected and observed ultraviolet light in the cosmic budget, with implications for our understanding of dark matter. Scientists are working to shed light on the mystery, which may be explained by exotic new sources or decaying dark matter.
Researchers have discovered a process called singlet fission that can increase solar cell efficiency by as much as 30 percent. This breakthrough has the potential to make solar cells more energy-efficient and widely adoptable.
Physicists at University of Rochester use compressive sensing to measure both momentum and position of a quantum system without violating the Uncertainty Principle. The technique allows for efficient measurement of conjugate variables, enabling new insights into quantum behavior.
A Georgia Tech study finds that ultraviolet photons emitted by the sun cause H2O molecules to desorb or break apart on the lunar surface. The presence of useful amounts of water on the sunward side is unlikely due to high probability of removal through UV light absorption.
Researchers at ICFO have demonstrated a nonlinear interferometer that can measure tiny magnetization with improved sensitivity. This breakthrough confirms theoretical predictions and paves the way for more accurate quantum measurements.
The Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) will measure Earth's elevation with six beams, generating a more detailed portrait than the original ICESat. Scientists will track change, including melting glaciers and sea ice, using precise height measurements.
Physicists at the University of Toronto have made a breakthrough in ultra-precise measurement technologies using quantum mechanics. By employing entangled photons and multiple detectors, they were able to achieve resolutions unattainable by classical physics.
Researchers at Joint Quantum Institute investigate entangled beams in fast-light materials, where anomalous dispersion causes faster-than-light-like behavior. The findings reveal potential applications in ultrafast data processing and secure communication.
Recent HADES experiments have ruled out the U boson as a potential Dark Matter candidate, but the search continues. The negative results challenge the Standard Model of particle physics and leave room for further investigation into physics beyond the current understanding.
Researchers are designing ultrathin solar cells with photovoltaic nanostructures to increase efficiency and reduce material costs. These nanostructures behave like a molecular hall of mirrors to trap photons inside the cells.
Recent studies have explored quantum superposition and its potential applications, including quantum computing and optical clocks. Researchers have developed advanced techniques to manipulate individual quantum systems, such as ion traps and microwave cavities, allowing for the investigation of fundamental quantum mechanics.
Scientists at MIT and Harvard have developed a method to couple individual atoms with photons, enabling the creation of quantum switches that can transmit information. This technique allows for the scaling up of quantum computing processing available within small spaces.
Researchers at Caltech discovered that surface plasmons exhibit quantum interference, similar to photons. This finding has potential implications for quantum computing and the development of new materials. The study validated theoretical predictions and demonstrated the coherence of plasmon waves.
Physicists demonstrate distribution of three entangled photons at three different locations, proving quantum nonlocality and opening possibilities for multi-party quantum communication. The experiment overcomes the locality loophole, allowing for faster-than-light information transfer.
Researchers at the Niels Bohr Institute discovered that imperfect nanostructures can be used to produce 'nanolasers', which is an ultimately compact and energy-efficient light source. The imperfections in photonic crystal membranes result in controlled reflections, amplifying light and enabling efficient laser production.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have successfully generated entangled photons using a combination of light-emitting diodes and superconductors. This breakthrough could lead to significant advancements in quantum computing, communication, and other fields.
Researchers found that identical particles, such as bosons, exhibit overlapping patterns instead of interfering due to exchange effects. This challenges current understanding of quantum optics and has potential applications in precision tests.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory developed a hard X-ray fluorescence nanoprobe that preserves the natural state of cells and trace elements by rapidly cooling them to -260°F. This enables the creation of high-resolution images with unprecedented detail, solving long-standing issues in biological imaging.
Researchers at NIST and JPL have designed a detector array that can extract more information than usual from single particles of light. The new device can record signal timing, enabling the use of pulse position modulation to encode multiple bits of information in space optical communications.
A team of scientists, led by Tom Murphy, found that the performance of laser-based reflectors on the Moon's surface is negatively affected during full moon nights due to accumulated moon dust and heating. The effect was later confirmed during a lunar eclipse in December 2010.
A team of researchers has successfully integrated key components of a quantum computer onto a silicon microchip, paving the way for the development of a practical quantum computer. The breakthrough enables the creation of a photon-based device capable of performing complex calculations, potentially rivaling modern computing hardware.
Researchers from the QUEST Institute have demonstrated a new method called photon-recoil spectroscopy, which enables the investigation of fast transitions in atoms or molecules. The method involves trapping two ions and using laser light pulses to measure their frequencies with unprecedented accuracy.
Researchers demonstrate photon-counting technique to track the melt or growth of Earth's frozen regions using NASA's MABEL campaign. This new technology will allow for precise measurements of elevation changes across ice sheets and glaciers, enabling scientists to better understand climate change impacts.
A team of scientists has detected for the first time in an individual object the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, a change in the cosmic microwave background caused by massive moving objects. The observation was made using the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory and confirms predictions of cosmological theory.
Researchers found that plain salt can transform into unexpected stable compounds with unusual chemical properties under high pressure. This discovery could help answer questions about early planet cores and create new materials with practical uses.
Researchers at Purdue University and Macquarie University have developed a way to control the length of time light from luminescent nanocrystals lingers, exponentially boosting detection capabilities. This technology can identify thousands of different target molecules simultaneously, far surpassing current limits.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab created a zero-index metamaterial that generates phase mismatch-free nonlinear light, holding promise for future quantum computing and networking. The material features a fishnet structure and has been shown to preserve optical momentum conservation in all directions.
The Stanford team found that the 'hot exciton effect' does not exist, contradicting widely accepted scientific theory. Instead, they suggest that disorder at the molecular level may play a key role in separating electron-hole pairs, leading to improved energy efficiency.
Physicists at the University of Warsaw and Hanover demonstrate that experimentally available squeezed states are optimal for improving the precision of measurements in gravitational wave detectors. This breakthrough improves sensitivity by up to 30%, allowing for more accurate detection of subtle spacetime vibrations.
Physicists at the University of Basel have developed a quantum-classical hybrid system to stabilize the wavelength of photons emitted by a semiconductor, removing charge noise and enabling a stable single-photon source. This breakthrough could lead to improvements in semiconductor-based spin qubits and quantum communication.
Ben Mazin's superconducting detector array measures individual photon energy, allowing for higher per-pixel performance and improved time resolution. The ARray Camera for Optical to Near-infrared Spectrophotometry (ARCONS) instrument enables megapixel arrays within a decade.
The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment has reported promising results, validating its design and performance. The detector is now beginning a process to uncover the exact identity of the dark matter particle.
The LUX experiment has excluded some possible candidates for a dark matter particle, providing evidence for its sensitivity and ruling out certain Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) hypotheses. The detection is significant as it shows that the world's best results are being produced by the detector.
Physicists from the University of Warsaw and Gdansk University of Technology discovered that polarization plays a significant role in interference between quantum particles. The research allowed for the estimation of information leakage, with potential applications in quantum cryptography.
Researchers create novel concept using metamaterial to study quantum entanglement and complex relationships between photons. The system enables precise measurements without losing photons, providing a deeper understanding of the transition zone between classical and quantum physics.
MIT researchers have achieved a significant breakthrough by coupling photons and electrons in a topological insulator material for the first time. This novel approach enables the creation of materials whose electronic properties can be 'tuned' in real-time using precise laser beams.
Researchers from NIST and JQI have developed a silicon device that can efficiently transport photons, which could lead to significant improvements in computer efficiency. The device uses a novel arrangement of rings to guide photons along the edge of an array, enabling it to function even if some rings are defective.
Researchers at Caltech developed a miniature chip-based resonator that stabilizes electrical currents and optical signals, paving the way for improvements in communications, navigation, and remote sensing. The new technology uses an Archimedean spiral to minimize energy surges and improve frequency stability.
Researchers at Harvard University and MIT have successfully bound photons together to form a new type of matter, dubbed photonic molecules. This breakthrough challenges traditional understanding of light as massless particles that don't interact with each other.
Geologists have confirmed that a high-pressure failure mechanism is the trigger for deep earthquakes occurring at depths below 400 kilometers. The research team simulated deep earthquakes in a laboratory and found that fractures nucleate at the onset of olivine to spinel transition.
Romanian scientists have discovered a novel approach for the optical manipulation of macromolecules and biological cells using green photon beams. This method enables precise control over macrostructures, such as biological proteins, outperforming traditional optical tweezers.
A University of Calgary research team has developed a new approach to enhance quantum-based secure communication systems, overcoming a major vulnerability that threatened the security of QKD-secured networks. The new protocol allows for secure key distribution over long distances without compromising secrecy.
Researchers confirm existence of new element with atomic number 115, gaining insight into super-heavy atomic nuclei. The discovery was made using calcium ions to measure photons in connection with the element's alpha decay.
Scientists at DESY's FLASH facility have successfully created an X-ray laser based on a solid, enabling the analysis of sensitive samples without destruction. The method utilizes the principle of stimulated emission to overcome the Auger process, which previously hindered the creation of compact X-ray lasers.
Researchers have developed a 'dark channel mechanism' to explain binding processes in biochemical materials, allowing for deeper understanding of molecular interactions. The discovery, combined with ab initio calculations and high-resolution spectroscopy, provides new information on the chemistry of life.
Researchers at Helmholtz Association's HZB have identified a new area of application for X-rays in solid state physics, leveraging nonlinear physical effects. They observed the interaction between soft X-rays and solids, enabling enhanced color analysis and structural properties correlation.
Researchers in Tokyo and Mainz have successfully teleported photonic qubits with extreme reliability using a hybrid technique. The accuracy of the transfer was 79-82 percent, surpassing previous experiments.
A new analysis of cosmic microwave background radiation data has taken the furthest look back in time, revealing an excess of radiation that may indicate the presence of primordial neutrinos or dark energy. The findings challenge current theories on the universe's early expansion history.
Researchers from UNIGE have successfully entangled two optic fibers populated by 500 photons, surviving on a macroscopic level. The phenomenon demonstrates that larger elements can retain their quantum properties, despite interactions with the surrounding environment.
University of Miami researchers found that purple bacteria can survive in extreme alien light by distributing photons across multiple reaction centers, allowing each one enough time to recover. This discovery suggests new possibilities for life on Earth and elsewhere in the universe.
Physicists at the University of Calgary successfully tested quantum mechanics on a large scale, creating a system in two substantially different states at once. This breakthrough demonstrates the application of quantum superposition principles to everyday macro objects.
Researchers at NREL developed a tandem cell with a gallium indium phosphide cell atop a gallium arsenide cell, achieving the new record efficiency of 31.1%. This improvement enhances photon recycling and luminescent coupling in the lower bandgap junction.
A new method for achieving nonlinear optical effects has been proposed, enabling 'quantum gates' on demand for large-scale quantum circuits. The approach uses a sub-millimeter-diameter resonator to manipulate single photons and overcome the challenges of existing methods.