Articles tagged with Temperature
A new study found that mussels can adjust their heart rate and clearance rate in response to elevated temperatures, showing they can persist and recover from marine heatwaves. This ability may help maintain normal functioning of the circulatory system and benefit other organisms in coastal ecosystems.
The UNIST team successfully fabricated high-quality Te thin films without heat treatment at low temperatures, achieving perfect atom arrangement. The developed process enables precise thickness control and uniform deposition on wafer-scale, suitable for various electronic devices.
Researchers from the University of Surrey's Global Centre for Clean Air Research found that nature-based locations can cool urban areas by up to 3°C during heatwaves. The team recommends planting trees in public spaces, especially around schools, to help tackle the urban heat island effect.
A team of researchers has made breakthroughs in harnessing low-grade heat sources for efficient energy conversion. They developed a highly efficient Thermally Regenerative Electrochemical Cycle (TREC) system that converts small temperature differences into usable energy.
Researchers have identified pathways through which warm ocean water flows into ice shelf cavities for the first time. The study found broad ocean heat intruding toward the shelf, with seawater temperatures up to 1℃ higher than freezing at depths of 50-100 meters.
A US study found that increasing nest temperatures affects leatherback hatchling morphology, performance and hatching success. Mid-season nests had the highest hatching success and better physical performance.
A team of scientists from Ames National Laboratory developed a new machine learning model that predicts Curie temperatures of new material combinations. This breakthrough discovery is crucial for designing high-performance magnets with reduced critical materials.
Researchers discovered that blending crushed rock with arable soil could help reduce global temperatures. The process, known as enhanced chemical weathering, works by releasing calcium and magnesium from rocks, which bind atmospheric carbon dioxide and prevent its release back into the atmosphere.
Researchers from Kyoto University have demonstrated the thermal quantum Mpemba effect in a wide range of initial conditions, where hotter quantum systems cool faster than initially colder ones. The team used a quantum dot connected to a heat bath and observed anomalous thermal relaxation at later times.
Researchers have confirmed the presence of chromium hydride in the atmosphere of hot Jupiter exoplanet WASP-31b using high-resolution spectral observations. This detection opens the possibility of using chromium hydride as a 'thermometer' to determine the temperature and other characteristics of exoplanets.
A study found an enhanced temperature seasonality in China during the mid-Holocene, with a nationally averaged enhancement of 2.44°C or 9% for the multimodel mean. The change was closely related to seasonal contrast variation of surface energy fluxes, mainly due to net shortwave radiation.
Research reveals that heatwaves like the 2003 European heatwave could become the new norm, with increased mortality risks, especially for the elderly and poor. Ideal temperature ranges vary by location, and climate models predict a significant increase in heat-related deaths in coming years.
Researchers at Washington State University developed a 60 square-foot solar-powered test chamber to evaluate passive cooling systems. The chamber can simulate extreme conditions and is expected to reduce energy demand for mechanical air conditioning, which contributes to global warming.
A new UCF project aims to examine a method to keep carbon from escaping soils and trapping heat in Earth's atmosphere. Researchers will focus on histosols in the Everglades Agricultural Area, adding fine minerals to prevent carbon release.
A new study found that cumulative exposure to extreme heat can worsen cognitive health, particularly among Black older adults and residents of disadvantaged neighborhoods. Researchers analyzed data from nearly 9,500 U.S. adults ages 52 and older, finding a link between high heat exposure and faster cognitive decline in these groups.
In certain metals, phase transitions occur gradually due to exotic laws of quantum mechanics, allowing new insights into the quantum world. Researchers at the University of Bonn and ETH Zurich have directly observed this effect, enabling a better understanding of critical slowing down in fermions.
A new research method has determined the health impacts of heat and air quality, finding that even moderate temperature increases can lead to increased hospital visits and death for vulnerable populations. The study aims to help municipalities make informed decisions about climate mitigation and adaptation measures.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory developed a wearable thin-film thermoelectric cooler that enables amputees to perceive temperature sensations in their phantom limbs. The technology has practical applications for improved prostheses, haptics, and pain management.
A new study published in Circulation found that heat waves and high levels of fine particulate pollution can double the risk of fatal heart attacks. The combination of extreme temperatures and fine particulate pollution was associated with an increased risk of heart attack deaths, especially among women and older adults.
A Nagoya University research team discovered two distinct thermosensory pathways in the brain that transmit temperature information to different areas of the forebrain. Blocking one pathway was found to impair a rat's ability to avoid heat, while blocking another impaired its ability to avoid cold.
The study reveals that quantum thermal machines exhibit distinct synchronization behavior, with cooperation and competition emerging among different components. The researchers found that cooperation manifests in harmony-like synchrony, while competition thrives in chaotic conditions.
Butterflies with smaller or lighter-colored wings, such as those in the Lycaenidae family, are likely to face greater threats from climate change. These species have poorer thermal buffering abilities, which could lead to dramatic declines if temperatures rise.
A study of maize hybrid varieties over 81 years found that while maize's tolerance to moderate heat stress has improved, its tolerance to severe heat stress has decreased. This shift in tolerance could have significant implications for climate change's impact on agriculture.
A recent study found that older Americans living in warmer regions are more likely to experience serious vision impairment. The odds of severe vision impairment were 14% higher for temperatures between 50-54.99°F, 24% higher for 55-59.99°F, and 44% higher for those above 60°F.
A research team at CityU developed a multifunctional composite polymer coating with both radiative and non-radiative cooling capacity, enhancing heat dissipation in wearable electronics. The cooling interface achieved temperature drops of over 56°C, improving the performance of skin electronic devices.
Researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology have made a breakthrough in measuring liquid iron's resistivity under extreme conditions. They achieved this using new techniques involving diamond anvil cells and powerful lasers, allowing for measurements at pressures up to 135 GPa and temperatures over 6680 K.
Scientists have discovered a rare type of white dwarf pulsar, shedding light on stellar evolution and the origin of strong magnetic fields. The newly detected pulsar, J1912-4410, has a size similar to Earth but a mass at least as large as the Sun.
A study by Florida Atlantic University's Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute found domoic acid toxin in 87% of samples from the southern Indian River Lagoon, which can harm shellfish, finfish, birds, and humans. The toxin is more prevalent in cool temperatures and high salinity waters, suggesting it may be a resident population.
A decade-long study reveals that warmer temperatures lead to significant loss of organic compounds in deep forest soils, affecting carbon sequestration. This finding has implications for natural carbon sinks and soil management practices.
Research found that microplastics can increase sand temperature, potentially altering sea turtle sex ratios and hatchling success. Concentrations of up to 30% microplastic had the greatest impact, with temperatures rising by 0.58 degrees Celsius.
Researchers have discovered that octopuses and cephalopods use RNA editing to rapidly respond to environmental temperature changes. By tweaking their protein function, these animals can acclimate to cold water, but not rapid changes. The study reveals a unique mechanism of genetic adaptation in these species.
Researchers found that two-spot octopuses produce different neural proteins under warm versus cool conditions by editing their RNA. This rewiring likely protects their brains and may be used widely amongst octopuses and squid. Temperature-sensitive RNA editing occurs rapidly, with significant changes occurring within days.
Scientists create a novel thermoelectric module composed of both n-type and p-type Mg3Sb2-based alloys. The modules exhibit excellent matching TE and mechanical properties, enabling efficient power generation at medium temperatures.
A new study from Tufts University predicts a significant increase in extreme temperatures affecting wheat yields in the US and China. The research warns of potentially disastrous consequences for global food supplies if crops are impacted by heat stress, which can occur at temperatures above 27.8°C.
Researchers used the NIRISS instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope to create a temperature map of the exoplanet WASP-18 b, revealing a huge temperature change from day to night sides. Water vapor was also detected in the atmosphere at various elevations.
A UC Irvine-led interdisciplinary team highlights a dispute between physiologists and epidemiologists about the role of humidity in heat stress. The authors argue that humid conditions exacerbate heat-related illnesses, particularly in tropical nations, and call for more accurate models to predict future health impacts.
The study provides a detailed map of Urban Heat Islands in Turin, Italy, identifying the population's risk and vulnerable areas. The researchers used an interdisciplinary approach to assess the heat-health nexus, considering factors such as demographic, socioeconomic, health conditions, and environmental context.
A recent study found that high temperatures are a significant factor in human migration, causing heat-related illnesses and death. The research also highlights the vulnerability of marginalized communities to temperature extremes.
Researchers found that tree coverage and high-albedo pavement significantly reduced mean radiant temperatures, improving thermal comfort levels in urban areas. The study suggests incorporating trees and pavement design elements into city planning to mitigate the urban heat island effect.
A new study suggests that limiting global warming to 1.5°C could save five times more people from dangerous heat than if warming reaches 2.7°C by 2100. Currently, over 60 million people already live outside the 'climate niche' where humans have thrived.
Research suggests whole body cryostimulation improves cholesterol and blood sugar levels in individuals with obesity. After two weeks, the WBC group experienced a greater reduction in waist circumference and blood glucose levels compared to the sham treatment.
A new study from North Carolina State University reveals that carrying pollen increases the body temperature of bumble bees, potentially putting them at risk due to rising environmental temperatures. The research has significant implications for bumble bee populations and ecosystems, particularly in areas experiencing climate change.
Researchers used simulations to analyze the Lyman Continuum spectrum in dozens of simulated solar flares, confirming its connection to plasma temperature. The study found that analysis of this spectrum can be used for diagnosis of the solar plasma during solar storms.
Researchers found that boreal wetlands are a substantial source of isoprene and terpenes, contributing to the formation of secondary organic aerosol and ozone. The emissions from these wetlands exhibit a strong exponential temperature response, making them a significant concern in a warming climate.
A team of researchers from Peking University found that temperature-dependent rock thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity affect the long-term thermal performance of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). The study showed that increased thermal conductivity improves thermal conduction, while decreased specific heat capacity impair...
Researchers at Ohio State University found that the shells of galactic bubbles are more complex than previously thought, with unexpected temperature and chemical properties. The study suggests that these bubbles were formed by intense star-formation activity rather than supermassive black hole activity.
Researchers found that ragweed and ryegrass emit more subpollen particles than previously thought, which can boost cloud formation and contribute to climate change. Whole pollen grains also facilitate cloud growth, but SPPs are poor ice-nucleating sites.
Scientists create high-performance bulk magnesium diboride superconducting magnets with low-cost technique, exhibiting good critical current density and trapped magnetic field. The work paves the way for commercialization of MgB2 superconducting magnets.
Researchers have developed a new approach to constructing thermoelectric modules using silver nanoparticles, enabling efficient energy conversion and operation across various temperatures. The discovery is expected to accelerate the development of advanced modules for power generation and other applications.
Researchers demonstrate probabilistic computing's capabilities by simulating networks of stochastic nanodevices to solve specific NP problems. The simulations agree with theoretical solutions, indicating the potential for scaling up this approach.
A new study led by Yale University scientists found that urban humid heat increases the risk of heat stress in urban climates. In the Global South, this effect can lead to two to six extra dangerous heat-stress days per summer.
A new study highlights regions such as Afghanistan, Papua New Guinea, and Central America, which are under-prepared for scorching temperatures. The research emphasizes the need for policy makers in hotspot regions to consider action plans to reduce heat-related deaths and harms.
A new study uses social media data to understand global air conditioning adoption patterns. It finds that middle-aged, educated males and parents of small children tend to express higher online interest in AC. This research aims to improve climate change adaptation measures by identifying sociodemographic groups at risk.
Scientists at Tokyo University of Science created a fracture-resistant alloy through heat-treatment, exhibiting improved elastocaloric properties and resistance to cyclical loads. The Cu-Zn-Al alloy showed significant increases in grain size, leading to enhanced cooling capabilities and paving the way for innovative refrigeration systems.
Researchers established quantitative relationships between coals and evapoerites with temperature and precipitation during the Phanerozoic. Coals formed predominantly in equatorial regions, while evaporites formed in subtropical dry zones.
Researchers developed a new thermoelectric generator that can generate electricity using heat from the sun and radiative element, providing reliable power source for outdoor sensors and wearable electronics. The device works continuously during day or night and in cloudy conditions, addressing constraints of traditional power sources.
Researchers discovered a hydrogel material that maintains its ability to absorb moisture despite rising temperatures, contradicting intuition. The material, polyethylene glycol (PEG), doubles its water absorption between 25-50 degrees Celsius, making it suitable for passive cooling and water harvesting applications.
A recent study found that temperature and extreme drought drive movement among herds of Plains bison, posing challenges for managing the iconic species. The team analyzed GPS-backed evidence from 33 Plains bison across two sites in Oklahoma, revealing a strong link between air temperature and bison movement.
The study analyzed ancient dolomite deposits to estimate the temperature and composition of a shallow inland sea during the Palaeoproterozoic era. The findings suggest that the conditions were ideal for photosynthetic algae to emerge, pumping oxygen into the atmosphere.
A team led by Associate Professor Jonathan Boreyko has discovered that ice can quench heat more effectively than water, especially at high temperatures. The study found that ice absorbs heat as it melts, reducing the amount of heat available for vapor bubbles to form.