Articles tagged with Temperature
A new study confirms the link between climate change and the extreme 2021 heat wave, which set records in Canada and sparked devastating wildfires. The research reveals that human-induced warming has made such events increasingly feasible, with potential for repeats every 10 years by 2050.
A KIT study reveals that low-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage is a promising technology for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from heating and cooling buildings. The study found that over 54% of German territory is suited well or very well for this system, with the potential to increase by 13% by 2100.
Research reveals that sweet corn yields significantly decrease with extreme heat during flowering, especially in rainfed fields. Irrigation may help mitigate yield loss, but water scarcity could worsen climate-related challenges.
A regime shift in the Southeast Greenland marine ecosystem has led to a permanent change from an ice-infested to a more temperate system, with large numbers of fin and humpback whales migrating to the area. This tipping point may be irreversible, having cascading effects throughout the ecosystem.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have discovered tiny magnetic vortices called skyrmions that could store data in computers, promising 100-1000 times better energy efficiency than current memory. The team used AI and a high-power electron microscope to visualize and study the behavior of these micro-scale magnetic structures.
Scientists have developed a method to accurately measure the thermal expansion coefficient of 2D materials when heated, which could help engineers design next-generation electronics. The approach uses laser light to track vibrations of atoms in the material, allowing for precise measurements and confirming theoretical calculations.
The study investigates the degradation of carbon fiber-reinforced ultra-high-temperature ceramic matrix composites at temperatures above 2000°C. The results show that the amount of zirconium in the alloy affects the composite's oxidation resistance, and modifying the matrix composition is necessary to prevent degradation.
Researchers have discovered a new critical period for sex determination in sea turtle embryos, influenced by temperature fluctuations. The study reveals two peaks in temperature's impact on sex ratio during the thermosensitive period of development.
New research by University of Pittsburgh scientists finds that concrete pavements are sensitive to sharp air temperature variations during the day, even in mild climates. This can lead to devastating consequences for infrastructure, such as potholes and cracks, with thicker pavements being more vulnerable.
Researchers used ancient leaf waxes and climate modeling to predict that warmer conditions will lead to stronger and more widespread summer rainfall across the southwest US. This is in contrast to drier subtropical regions experiencing aridity due to global warming.
A new study by the University of Arizona found that tropical cyclones often follow extreme heat, which can be a major hazard after a storm. The research team analyzed 53 tropical cyclones and found that cities' heat index values were always warmer than average after the storm.
Researchers developed an isothermal chemical vapor transport (ICVT) method for growing high-quality monocrystals without temperature gradients. This technique simplifies the growth process and produces crystals with excellent crystallographic quality.
A new study reveals that rising temperatures in the Arctic are driving an exponential increase in megafires, with some areas burning at unprecedented rates. The research shows a clear link between temperature anomalies and fire risk factors, indicating a doubling of fire risk by the end of the century.
A new study reveals that protected areas of natural and seminatural vegetation effectively cool the land surface temperature, providing a thermal buffer against climate change. This helps to protect species in the wild from episodes of extreme heat and moderates biotic responses to macroclimate warming.
Researchers at UCF's COSMOS Lab developed a method to create strong bricks from lunar regolith using 3D printing and binder jet technology. The bricks can withstand extreme space environments and are suitable for constructing off-world structures, paving the way for sustainable space construction.
Researchers developed a fabric with nano-scale threads containing phase-change materials to regulate body temperature. The textile combines electrothermal and photothermal coatings for enhanced thermal regulation. It has the potential to alleviate heat or cold stress in workers and travelers, offering improved comfort and safety.
A recent study investigated the effects of climate change on wheat yields in North America, revealing that new and old varieties respond differently to rising temperatures. The research found a declining rate of improvement in both winter and spring wheat yields with increased warming.
Researchers used largest temperature reconstruction database to find no globally synchronous warm period during the Holocene. Regional variability in temperature suggests high latitude insolation played a major role in driving climate changes.
Researchers found that warmer nighttime temperatures increase sleep disturbance, comparable to the impact of heatstroke, in Japan's residents. The study suggests that measures like air conditioner use or reducing outdoor temperatures may help mitigate this issue.
Scientists at Shinshu University created an ultrathin fiber-mesh thermistor that improves the performance of wearable medical sensors. The new technology provides overheat protection, gas-permeability, and transparency, making it suitable for on-skin or implantable devices.
A recent study by the University of Plymouth and international partners reveals that rapid sea temperature drops of up to 10 degrees were a primary cause of a devastating coral die-off event in Costa Rica's Eastern Tropical Pacific. The research highlights the importance of considering upwellings when managing reef systems, and propose...
A new study by UCLA climate scientist Karen McKinnon found that the 2021 Pacific Northwest heat wave was roughly a once-in-10,000-years event. The research analyzed historical trends and climate model simulations, concluding that climate change is increasing heat waves and average summer temperatures at the same pace.
A joint research team from Korea and Japan developed site-specific organelle fluorescent thermometers that visualize temperature changes in almost all typical organelles. The new thermometers, called Thermo Greens (TGs), provide quantitative images of heat generation at different organelles, offering insights into cellular processes.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a machine learning model to predict melting temperatures for any compound. The model enables faster and more accurate calculations of melting points, which is critical for designing high-performance materials in various industries.
Researchers at Texas A&M University developed an AI framework to predict oxidation behavior of high entropy alloys, reducing experimental analysis time from years to minutes. This allows for the discovery of materials suitable for extreme environments, such as gas turbines and heat exchangers.
Researchers have developed a genetically encoded fluorescent nanothermometer that measures temperature gradients within human cells at unprecedented precision. This technology has the potential to test long-contentious medical hypotheses and inspire drug development.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego have developed temperature-resilient lithium-ion batteries with high energy density, compatible with high-temperature operation. These batteries could enable electric vehicles to travel farther on a single charge in cold climates and reduce overheating in hot climates.
Researchers have developed a single-cell PV design integrated with nonreciprocal optical components to provide 100-percent reuse of emitted radiation, breaking the Shockley–Queisser limit. This breakthrough enables a quasimonochromatic radiation converter to reach the theoretically maximum Carnot efficiency.
Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants use wet cooling methods to dissipate waste heat, but this can lead to significant water loss. A new study developed a radiative cooling system with cold storage that reduces water consumption by up to 85% in hot regions.
The study reveals significant information on the thermal properties of electric double-layer capacitors, which can help create safer and more reliable energy storage devices. The research team found that charging and discharging alter the heat capacity of EDLCs, leading to a decrease in capacitance.
Scientists use a modified drone with a radiation shield to collect high-quality atmospheric data in polar regions. The study shows that the low-cost drone provides accurate data comparable to radiosondes, expanding the observational network and improving weather forecasts.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a new bat box design that provides more thermally appropriate roosting spaces for bats. The 'rocket box' style, with modifications to length and insulation, helps reduce the risk of overheating and provides space for bats to move and avoid extreme temperatures.
A new imaging technique called single-shot photoluminescence lifetime imaging thermometry (SPLIT) measures temperature in 2D, without contact, and in real-time. This technology could improve photothermal therapy and help detect skin cancers.
A new approach evaluates vaporization enthalpies of alkylaromatic compounds and their derivatives, showing high accuracy compared to experimental methods. The method uses additivity principles and accounts for non-additive effects due to π-conjugation and intermolecular hydrogen bonding.
Researchers at University of Toronto found that the brain's prefrontal cortex generalizes perceptual experiences from different senses, producing sensations even without direct experience. The study used functional magnetic resonance imaging and massage stones to capture neural activity patterns in the brain.
Climate models project significant decrease in suitable permafrost conditions in Daisetsu Mountains, threatening alpine ecosystems and trekkers. By 2100, only 20 km2 area may remain suitable for permafrost under low-carbon scenario.
Nebraska physicist Christian Binek discovered a formula that links magnetism to elasticity and temperature. This finding may enable engineers to design materials with tailored elasticity by manipulating magnetic properties or applying external fields.
A team led by Northwestern University's Erik Luijten and Steve Granick discovered a non-equilibrium system that quantitatively behaves like an equilibrium system. The finding could lead to a set of rules making it possible to predict the properties of non-equilibrium systems.
Researchers at the Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics found that cold crystallization in liquid crystals occurs through two mechanisms: classical thermodynamics and diffusion. The study reveals a wide range of temperatures where cold crystallization can occur, contrary to previous expectations.
Researchers developed the smallest and most accurate thermometer that can detect tiny fluctuations in microscopic regions, enabling applications in various fields. The study provides a full characterization of temperature estimators with maximum accuracy, shedding light on their margin of error.
Researchers at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland have developed a new thermodynamic model that improves the reliability of ice friction assessments. The model shows that sliding speed and ice temperature significantly affect surface friction, leading to erroneous interpretations in earlier laboratory measurements.
Chinese researchers develop a method to solve the specific heat-phonon spectrum inversion problem, enabling the calculation of thermodynamic functions from heat capacity data. They successfully apply this approach to the negative thermal expansion material ZrW2O8, obtaining consistent results with laws of thermodynamics.
Scientists at Uppsala University have explained the 'hidden order' phenomenon, a long-sought mystery in materials science. The discovery can control and exploit new material properties, crucial for future energy supply.
Scientists have found a way for ancient RNA molecules to fuse together naturally, forming larger fragments that can reach a biologically important size. This discovery could help explain how life emerged on Earth, with RNA molecules able to fold into functional shapes at around 100 bases long.
Researchers argue that calculating a global temperature is mathematically impossible due to the complexity of the Earth's climate system. The concept relies on averaging multiple temperatures from different locations, which can lead to misleading conclusions about climate trends.
Warmer tropical Pacific Ocean sea-surface temperatures are responsible for increased cloudiness and regional cooling in the central and eastern US. The effect is attributed to moisture transport, which generates additional cloud cover and reflects solar radiation back into space.
A study by Stanford researchers reveals that global warming is causing a significant shift in marine species distribution, with many vulnerable intertidal creatures already struggling to cope. Rising temperatures are pushing species over their thermal tolerance range, leading to declines and potential extinctions.
A study suggests that disposable nappies lined with plastic can increase scrotal temperature in boys, potentially leading to impaired normal testicular cooling mechanisms and increased risk of male infertility. The research found that rectal temperatures were significantly lower than scrotal temperatures when cotton nappies were worn.
Researchers at Michigan State University have developed a new thermoelectric material that can cool computer chips more efficiently than existing materials. This innovation has the potential to increase computer speed and extend processor lifetimes, making it an attractive solution for the Navy's environmentally friendly cooling needs.
Researchers found that specific tastes can be produced by temperature stimulation, just as certain chemicals can evoke only certain taste qualities. Thermal taste is different on different parts of the tongue, with sweetness perceived on the tip, sourness on the side, and bitterness in the back.
A new study of borehole temperatures reveals that the 20th century was the warmest of the past five centuries, with Earth's temperature increasing about 1 degree Celsius since 1500. The analysis, which combined data from over 600 sites worldwide, found a greater warming trend in the Northern Hemisphere than previously estimated.
The US Navy has developed a new hot water suit with a layer of foam containing bits of wax inside tiny plastic beads to prevent heat loss in cold ocean depths. The wax absorbs warmth from the diver's body and melts, then freezes in icy waters, radiating latent heat back to the diver.
A NASA study led by Dr. Dale Quattrochi found that Atlanta's urban expansion creates a unique heat island effect, influencing local weather patterns and air quality. The study revealed that this phenomenon can lead to increased ozone production and thunderstorms due to the interaction between warm air and surrounding areas.
Research suggests that infrared thermometers can accurately measure newborn temperatures, especially after feeding and before transferring to cribs. However, using these devices on older infants may not yield accurate results.
A Colorado State University study found that warmer nights are extending the growing season, favoring cool-season grasses and weeds over native warm-season plants like blue grama grass. This shift could lead to a decline in blue grama, which is essential for the shortgrass steppe ecosystem.
The image clearly demonstrates the principle behind UHIPP, showing how natural and manmade surfaces affect city temperatures. Urban forests are crucial in keeping cities cool, according to Dr. Jeff Luvall, and streamside vegetation has a cooling effect as streams flow from mountains.
A Colorado State University study found that irrigated agricultural crops and landscaping can produce local cooling, potentially exceeding global warming predictions. This leads to cooler temperatures, increased moisture, and altered tree distribution patterns in Rocky Mountain National Park.
Researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry studied the stability of materials relevant to the lower mantle under very high pressures and temperatures. Their findings indicate that partial melting is more likely than previously thought to explain seismic anomalies in this region.
Scientists from Montana State University and European colleagues have made a breakthrough in understanding the sun's corona temperature. By analyzing data from the Japanese/US/UK space satellite Yohkoh, they found that magnetic field clashes likely cause the heating of giant loops of material above the sun's surface.
December 1997 was the coldest month on record in the Earth's lower stratosphere, indicating a cooling trend over the past 15 years. This is consistent with ozone depletion in the lower stratosphere.