Researchers developed a new class of statistical models to group criminals with similar connectivity patterns, revealing nested and hierarchical structures in the 'Ndrangheta network. The models account for complex architectures and incorporate additional node information from investigations.
The Simons Foundation is launching a $250 million initiative to fund bold, transformational neuroscience research over the next 10 years. The foundation aims to support cross-disciplinary collaborations that address fundamental questions about brain function, with an emphasis on innovative ideas and junior investigators.
Machine learning algorithms are strongly dependent on data, making it essential to analyze data sources with relevant information in optical networks. The article reviews various ML-based schemes for alarm analysis, failure prediction, detection, localization, and identification in optical networks.
Kan and his team will focus on side impact protection, roof crush resistance, and airbag systems for rear occupants. The research aims to develop limousine FE models for various categories, including stretch and van-converted limousines.
Researchers at Cornell University found that FEMA's federal home buyout policies are inaccessible and inequitable due to bureaucratic hurdles. By studying regional and state programs, the team suggests that coordinating local strategies can make these buyouts more effective and equitable for all communities.
A novel surgical procedure has shown promising results in addressing incontinence in children with Hirschsprung disease who underwent the pull-through operation. Four of six patients have achieved normal bowel function, reporting improved quality of life and increased freedom.
Researchers developed a new device, MAGENTA, that prevents and supports muscle atrophy recovery. The device stimulates muscles to stretch and contract, triggering key molecular pathways for growth. It has potential applications in treating various diseases such as ALS and MS.
A study by University of Illinois researcher Allen W. Barton found that perceived gratitude from one's partner increases relationship satisfaction, protection against common stressors, and confidence in the future. In contrast, expressed gratitude showed no protective effects. The research highlights the importance of feeling appreciat...
A Rutgers study of 86,964 adults with obesity and NAFLD found that bariatric surgery reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events by 49% compared to nonsurgical care. This is significant because heart disease is a leading cause of death in the US, and NAFLD can lead to liver damage and inflammation.
A recent study found that carnitine intake from breast milk promotes better growth and larger brain size at term equivalent age in very preterm infants. Carnitine levels were also associated with cerebellar size, suggesting a potential role in nervous system development.
A new study published in Nature Sustainability shows that planting miscanthus and switchgrass on 23.2 million hectares of marginal agricultural lands can meet the US aviation sector's liquid fuel demands fully from biofuels by 2040. This pathway could make all US air travel nearly emissions-free.
Researchers from University of Barcelona identify new biological indicators for assessing human impact on quality of waters in intermittent rivers. They found four groups of invertebrates with different levels of resistance to dry phases, which can be used to adapt current biomonitoring indices and establish reference conditions.
A new study found racial and ethnic disparities in brain aging among middle-age and older adults. In late life, Latinx and white adults experienced more pronounced brain aging, while Black adults showed accelerated brain aging in midlife.
The Society for Neuroscience presented its 2022 Science Education and Outreach Awards to recognize outstanding contributions to science education. The award recipients were chosen for their innovative approaches to teaching and learning in neuroscience.
Eastern red bats, now the most commonly detected bat in Midwestern forests, have a significant impact on tree regeneration due to their appetite for insect-damaging bugs. Forest managers can benefit from considering these bats' landscape preferences, particularly ponds and smaller forest openings.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed new, heat-efficient magnetic nanoparticles capable of reaching temperatures in cancer lesions of up to 50 degrees Celsius. The particles can be exposed to an alternating magnetic field, weakening or destroying cancer cells without causing harm to surrounding tissue.
Researchers found that acoustic monitoring alone is insufficient for large wind turbines, emphasizing the need for carcass searches and additional ultrasonic detectors. Uneven bat distributions can lead to incorrect curtailment times, putting many bats at risk.
A new study found that honey bee lifespans in lab-kept conditions are 50% shorter than they were in the 1970s, corresponding with increased colony losses and reduced honey production. The researchers suggest a genetic component may be influencing this trend, which could lead to breeding programs for longer-lived bees.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic developed an AI algorithm that accurately detects weak heart pumps using single-lead Apple Watch ECGs. The system has shown promising results, rivaling medical treadmill diagnostic tests in accuracy, and holds potential for scalable screening and prevention of heart failure.
A live biotherapeutic product made from three Lactobacillus species has been shown to reduce lung damage in neonatal mice with chronic lung disease. The study found that the product can ameliorate redox imbalance and damages caused by experimental microbial dysbiosis, using a humanized mouse model of lung microbiome transplant.
Researchers developed controllably synthesized single-atom catalysts for nitrogen reduction reaction, achieving superb ammonia yield rates with exceptional faradaic efficiency. The study demonstrates a new catalytic paradigm using bimetallic iron-cobalt electrocatalysts.
Researchers studied BiVO4 photoelectrodes under water vapor and found polarons form due to excess charge, allowing for water dissociation. This process affects the surface's chemical composition and electronic structure, which may impact hydrogen production efficiency.
Scientists have created a way to track brain diseases like depression, Alzheimer's, and strokes using fluorescent mouse blood. The method allows for months-long study of blood flow in the brain, providing new insights into disease progression and development.
A recent study by Brigham and Women's Hospital reveals that patients with Alzheimer's dementia and related disorders who also experience delirium incur significantly higher healthcare costs. The average additional cost for one delirium ADRD patient's year of care is $34,828 more than non-delirium ADRD counterparts.
Research from the University of Kansas found that financial capability can predict positive health outcomes, with higher levels associated with better health measurements. The study highlights the importance of considering both individual financial skills and access to resources in improving population health.
A recent study found that sedentary behavior in children is linked to elevated cholesterol, blood pressure, and cardiovascular problems. The study identified key correlates, including parental characteristics, household environment, and school environment, suggesting that educating parents and designing safe outdoor environments can he...
Researchers propose that the claustrum functions as an internet router, amplifying and broadcasting signals to facilitate cognitive tasks. This theory challenges Francis Crick's idea that the claustrum is the seat of consciousness, suggesting a more distributed role in awareness.
Researchers developed a one-step synthesis route for LDHs using basic magnesium carbonate, reducing costs and environmental impact. The new process produces LDHs with nanosheet morphology and rich defects at room temperature.
Researchers developed a global indicator to measure marine biodiversity based on extinct fish populations, revealing worsening extinction risk since the 1950s. Implementing management measures can reduce fishing mortality and recover tunas and billfishes, but sharks continue to face threats due to overfishing.
Research has revealed that Fraser Island's formation was tied to the Middle Pleistocene Transition, a major change in earth's climate. This finding suggests that the island's creation and subsequent prevention of sand transport into the Great Barrier Reef set the conditions for coral growth and reef formation.
Research at Tel Aviv University found that high-intensity aerobic exercise increases glucose consumption in internal organs, reducing energy availability for tumors. The study reduced the risk of metastatic cancer in humans and animal models by up to 72%.
Stanford researchers found that dams could store over 50% of water needed for crop irrigation, but emphasize alternatives like small dams and recharged groundwater systems as more environmentally friendly options. The study aims to increase food security without depleting water stocks or harming nature.
New research by University of Pittsburgh scientists finds that concrete pavements are sensitive to sharp air temperature variations during the day, even in mild climates. This can lead to devastating consequences for infrastructure, such as potholes and cracks, with thicker pavements being more vulnerable.
A large study found that children who experienced adversity, including serious family illness or death, poverty, neglect, or dysfunctional relationships, are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease in early adulthood. The study, published in the European Heart Journal, followed nearly 1.3 million children and found a 60%...
A new study found that the use of the BAME acronym in the football industry can cause discomfort and reinforce feelings of marginalization. Researchers recommend a more inclusive approach, allowing individuals to describe their heritage and background rather than relying on tick boxes for ethnicity classification.
Elias Bou-Harb, UTSA cyber security professor, has received $1.5 million in grants from the National Science Foundation to research Internet of Things (IoT) security and critical infrastructure protection. The projects aim to develop algorithms to fingerprint exploited IoT devices and improve internet security on IoT devices.
Researchers created a new type of solar cell using phase heterojunctions, which significantly improves efficiency compared to traditional single-phase perovskites. The top layer influences performance by passivating defects and creating an advantageous energetic alignment.
Researchers observed a wild chimpanzee showing an object to its mother to share attention, a social behavior previously thought to be unique to humans. The study suggests that in certain social conditions, primates can engage in referential gestures to comment or remark on the world.
Researchers report new findings from a landmark transplant, showing unexpected heart conduction measures that did not contribute to failure. The study suggests genetic modifications made to the pig's heart were not responsible for causing these changes.
Researchers have summarized the latest developments in mass transfer techniques for large-scale and high-density microLED arrays. The techniques address key challenges such as interfacial adhesion mechanisms and process parameters to achieve high reliability and efficiency.
Researchers measured the half-lives of five exotic isotopes at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), a DOE Office of Science user facility. The study provides fundamental information about nuclei near their limits of existence, testing models of the atomic world and advancing research in astrophysics and nuclear physics.
Astronomers discovered that the building blocks of planets like Jupiter and Saturn form while their parent star is still growing. The study analyzed spectroscopic observations from polluted white dwarfs, which revealed signs of asteroid melting, indicating a rapid process of planet formation.
A new study published in the Journal of Women's Health found that female biological sex is associated with greater negative emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also revealed a correlation between unemployment, low income, and lower education status and worse mental well-being in women.
A new reporter system called INSPECT allows for highly sensitive monitoring of both coding and non-coding RNA production, shedding light on cellular processes. This breakthrough tool modifies introns without altering completed RNA or proteins, offering a minimally invasive solution to study RNA regulation.
Scientists have found that synthetic torpor increases resistance to ionizing radiation, a major health risk for human space exploration. The research uses artificially induced hibernation in rats and demonstrates biological effects suggesting enhanced radioprotection.
Graph computing studies the human world's graphs to analyze and compute them, uncovering hidden information in large-scale data. Key applications include real-time epidemiology analysis and targeted advertising.
A recent study found that on average, about half of trees planted in tropical and sub-tropical forest restoration efforts do not survive more than five years. However, survival rates varied greatly amongst sites and species, with some sites seeing over 80% of trees still alive after five years.
Chung-Ang University researchers developed an energy-efficient adaptive directional charging algorithm that adapts to the density of sensor nodes. This approach achieved equal or better charging efficiency than single charging while reducing energy waste. The algorithm employs a mean-shift method and discretized charging strategy decis...
A study found significant gaps in extracurricular activities among kindergarten children based on race and mother's education level. White children were more likely to participate in athletics, while those from disadvantaged backgrounds may miss opportunities that could help them succeed in school.
Researchers developed guidelines to communicate brain atrophy to MS patients, minimizing misunderstanding and apprehension. The new model ensures patients receive vital information about their disease progression, improving quality of life.
A study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine estimates the economic burden of acute firearm injuries at a Level I Trauma Center in New Orleans, resulting in a net loss of $20.3 million over four years. The study highlights the significant financial impact of gun violence on healthcare systems and society.
Researchers discovered that older adults have specific relationship expectations, such as feeling respected and contributing to their community. Failing to account for these expectations can lead to loneliness in later life. The study aims to better understand the factors driving loneliness to address it effectively.
The Society for Neuroscience recognizes outstanding researchers who have supported the careers of women in neuroscience through mentoring, public speaking, and establishing networking opportunities. Alice Cronin-Golomb and Shubha Tole received the Bernice Grafstein Award for Outstanding Accomplishments in Mentoring, while Elisabeth Mur...
Researchers at George Mason University have received significant funding from NOAA to establish the Virginia Climate Center. The center will provide products and services to help communities in northern Virginia adopt risk prevention and mitigation strategies, improving livelihoods and saving tax dollars.
The American Heart Association statement highlights telehealth's benefits in managing cardiovascular disease, including cost-effectiveness and improved rehabilitation. However, challenges like access to broadband internet and privacy security concerns hinder widespread adoption.
Scientists developed a method to control the synthesis of single-atom catalysts, enabling the creation of bimetallic Fe-Co electrocatalysts with desired properties. These catalysts showed superior ammonia yield rates and faradaic efficiency under electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction conditions.
The UC San Diego TREDS program aims to educate drivers and pedestrians about road safety with a new self-paced online program targeting underage drivers. The initiative seeks to reduce traffic-related injuries and deaths, particularly among teens aged 15-20 who are at higher crash rates.
Researchers found that asking for a higher salary within an accepted range can lead to better results in salary negotiations. The study suggests that candidates should be prepared and make the first offer, but not exceed the upper limit of the acceptable range.
Researchers developed a pedigree for aquarium-bred corals, revealing relationships between individuals and identifying genetic differences. The study provides insights into maximizing genetic diversity and adaptability in corals bred for conservation, crucial for their resilience to threats like ocean warming and acidification.
International researchers highlight 15 essential advances for effective forest restoration, including careful planning to boost biodiversity and economic development. The UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration aims to inspire action around the world, particularly in developing tropics where much of this research has been undertaken.